首页 | 官方网站   微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Conclusions  
1.  The vibration testing of hydroelectric units should be performed prior to and after overhaul.
2.  The volume of measurements taken during the tests should be sufficient not only for comparison of the vibration level with existing norms, but also for determination of basic impairments of the hydroelectric unit.
3.  It is expedient to include vibration tests with an expanded volume of measurements in the schedule for the overhaul of hydroelectric units.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo. No. 12, pp. 21–22, December, 1997.  相似文献   

2.
1.  The plant manufacturer's power and efficiency guarantees are fulfilled.
2.  The power performance curves obtained for the hydraulic unit at four heads make it possible to select the makeup of operating units that will deliver maximum economy with the load distributed between the units.
3.  In operating the hydraulic units, special attention should be given to adjustment of the combiner curves in connection with the fact that its mismatch downgrades not only the economy of the hydraulic-turbine operation, but also the vibrational state of the hydraulic unit.
4.  Measurements of the vibration levels of the hydraulic units under several heads made it possible to determine the boundary line with respect to power over the entire range of operating heads.
Translated from Gidrotechnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 4, pp. 26–30, April, 1991.  相似文献   

3.
1.  Modified wood is an effective substitute of the laminated wood lining of bearing bushings for vertical pump units.
2.  An investigation of modified wood showed that this material in some indices (friction coefficient and wear resistance) is better than laminated wood.
3.  Since there is no mass manufacture and centralized supply of modified wood, it is possible to create a technological department for its production.
4.  Organization of the department does not require capital expenditures and special accommodations.
5.  Machining of the wood is performed on ordinary metal-cutting machines with the use of the tools used when machining laminated woods.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 7, pp. 33–35, July, 1991.  相似文献   

4.
Conclusions  
1.  In the upper reservoir of the Zagorsk PSS there are standing waves of a complex frequency spectrum having a virtually undamped character.
2.  The excess of the level of the crest of the upper reservoir embankment of the PSS should be selected with consideration of not only waves caused by meteorological factors but also the presence of standing waves.
3.  The standard systems of measuring the upper pool level of the PSS should provide for averaging the measurements.
4.  To eliminate nonproductive water losses through leaks of the close gate apparatus of the PSS units and increased power losses in the SC regime, it is advisable to provide for the installation of preturbine gates at newly planned PSSs.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 39–42, October, 1999.  相似文献   

5.
1.  Oscillations due to low-frequency sources of excitation beneath the impeller in the draft tube develop in long pipelines of water-storage power plants.
2.  For the Zagorsk water-storage power plant with a long (790 m) and flexible pipeline, the natural frequency of the first type of the system's oscillation is many times lower than the predominant frequency of the lowest-frequency component of the spectrum of pressure fluctuations beneath the impeller (0.24–0.25)fre. For a shorter and stiffer pipeline, the system would approach resonance.
3.  The dynamic properties of the system depend on the opening of the guide apparatus: for small openings, the natural frequency approaches f1=(C/4)L; with large openings, it approaches f2=(C/2)L.
4.  When the unit is operating in the stationary mode, the hydrodynamic loads on the pipe lining do not exceed 0.05 MPa; this corresponds to an additional stress of 0.07 MPa in the lining and vibrational displacements of 0.183 mm (when C=780 m/sec), i.e., not more than 0.06 of the radius of the pipeline; when C=965 m/sec, the vibrational displacements do not exceed 0.08 mm.
5.  The loads on the pipeline supports do not exceed 0.36 tons on any one pile.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 8, pp. 27–30, August, 1992.  相似文献   

6.
1.  The development of an ATDS should be realized individually for each operating station with consideration of the design characteristics of the units and should be aimed at solving one of the most important problems of increasing the operating reliability of the main equipment and economy of operating the hydrostation.
2.  The deterministic approach to compiling technological diagnostic algorithms makes it possible to use the operating experience gained and to make the diagnosis on the basis of the actual technical state of the units of the hydrostation.
3.  The ATDSs should satisfy the requirements of prompt, integrated, automatic, and dynamic performance (possibility of the modular buildup of problems being solved as a result of developing new diagnostic means and methods).
4.  The proposed development of an ATDS at the unit level should be done with the possible prospects of inclusion in the PCS of the hydrostation.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 43–48, October, 1990.  相似文献   

7.
1.  A microprocessor-based device was developed for checking (measuring) the level of the insulation resistance of the stator winding of a unit in the range 0.5–500 M and absorption coefficient in the range 1–10 with output of the measurement results to a digital indicator.
2.  All measurements are taken on a stopped or operating unit in a semiautomatic regime after pushing a button on the face panel of the device. It is possible to use the device as part of a process control system or in a diagnostic system with automatic control from a computer.
3.  The device underwent a check on the units of the Skhodnya and Chirkey hydrostations, where it showed good results. It is suggested that it be introduced.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 9, pp. 43–45, September, 1989.  相似文献   

8.
1.  An increase in the oil temperature in baths of bearings with EMP segments from 30–35 to 60°C leads to a decrease of friction losses by 20–30% due to a decrease of the oil viscosity in the oil film, and also produces an additional effect from a reduction of the consumption of water for cooling.
2.  A decrease of the operating reliability of the bearings with EMP segments does not occur when the oil temperature in the bath is increased to 60°C. Therefore there is no need to introduce restrictions in the operating regimes of the units.
3.  The existing systems of sealing the oil baths of the bearings do not prevent the escape of oil vapors from the oil baths at an oil temperature of 55–60°C. Therefore reconstruction of the seals is necessary before changing to an oil temperature increased to 60°C.
4.  On operating units of hydrostations it is expedient to increase the oil temperature in the baths of the bearings from 30–35° to 45–50°C by reducing the flow rate of the cooling water or disconnecting a part of the coolers, which leads to a decrease of friction losses by 12–15% and does not noticeably increase the escape of oil vapors from the bearing baths.
5.  On newly designed bearings with EMP segments it is expedient to specify a smaller number of oil coolers, and it is possible to do away with them entirely by increasing the cooling capacity of the walls of the oil baths, for example, by means of fins on them.
6.  To reduce losses in the bearings, the use of other, less viscous oils or other low-viscosity liquids is possible.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 20–24, November, 1990.  相似文献   

9.
Conclusions  
1.  Russian hydropower engineering is a competitive branch of power engineering on the world market.
2.  The Russian Ministry of Fuel and Energy must create conditions for the formation and participation of domestic consortia in bids for turn-key delivery of equipment to Russian hydrostations, which will make it possible to reduce the cost, shorten construction time, improve quality, and ensure putting the units into operation on time, i.e., to use objective market mechanisms.
3.  On the initiative of the customer, certain conditions of storing, making up complete orders, delivery, and technology of installing equipment traditionally established between the customer and equipment suppliers should be revised by means of consortia for purposes of reducing costs and improving quality.
4.  One of the most important conditions for the successful work of the consortium is the clear-cut differentiation of responsibility between participants of the consortium.
5.  The date of synchronizing the unit should be taken as the date of reckoning the warranty period of the equipment.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 7–9, October, 1997.  相似文献   

10.
1.  The operating regime of the MFPT has a determining effect on the value and direction of action of radial forces.
2.  The presence of radial seals on runners does not lead to an unequivocal decrease of radial forces on the rotor.
3.  The use in MFPT of radial seals of the runner with the geometric parameters used in the usual turbines is accompanied by considerable RFs on the rotor, greater than in the turbines.
4.  A decrease of radial forces simultaneously in the PR and TR will cause difficulties in connection with differences in the values of the optimal parameters of the seals for each of the given regimes.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 12, pp. 22–25, December, 1994.  相似文献   

11.
1.  The real deformation of elastic chambers of the thrust bearing on a hydraulic support under a load is plane-inclined in certain cases.
2.  Adjustment of the load on the bearing segments with installation of one indicator on the chamber does not always provide the necessary accuracy.
3.  It is advisable to adjust the bearing according to the method presented with the installation of two indicators on the chamber, which provides the necessary accuracy of distributing the load between segments.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 5, pp. 30–32, May, 1995.  相似文献   

12.
1.  The actual state of the outlet works as a whole can be evaluated as positive.
2.  To provide complete readiness of the outlet works for service regimes and to keep them in good working order, it is necessary to seal the existing damages and subsequently to carry out annual scheduled preventive maintenance.
3.  Long service of the restored bottom revetment of the stilling basin is possible under conditions of a moderate regime of waste discharges with their uniform distribution over the basin width, shortening of their duration, and reduction of the number of outlets put into operation.
4.  The restored basin revetment is in need of careful observation of its condition and sealing.
5.  The use of outlets for reducing the rate of filling the reservoir and especially for providing navigation releases is not permissible. They should be used only if the discharge capacity of the hydrostation units is insufficient for preventing filling of the reservoir during the spring flood above the elevation of the NPL as well as for not exceeding the NPL during passage of the summer-fall freshets with the reservoir filled to the NPL.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 4, pp. 9–12, April, 1994.  相似文献   

13.
Conclusions  
1.  To derive the rated capacity with respect to a given load curve, it is proposed to use a system of two (or more) tidal electric power plants utilizing orthogonal hydroelectric turbines in units with a different layout, floating units, the capacity of which is proportional to the flow velocity, and stationary units, the capacity of which is proportional to the head on the unit, the latter varying approximately as the modulus of deviation of sea level from the mean.
2.  It is recommended not to maximize use of local reserves of tidal energy. It is expedient to find the economical and ecological optimum of utilization of this energy, which frequently may be found to be significantly lower than the maximum possible tapping of energy.
3.  The units of a hydroelectric plant with orthogonal turbines may be extremely effective not only in tidal electric plants, but also in utilizing the energy of large rivers under conditions when the construction of dams and the creation of reservoirs are complicated for economic and ecological reasons.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 12, pp. 45–51, December, 1998.  相似文献   

14.
1.  The results of the first full-scale experiments with orthogonal wind turbine generator units showed their performance, the possibility of creating on their basis large units of a simple design intended mainly for use in power systems.
2.  The maximum wind power coefficient of the rotorC n somewhat exceeds the calculated values, reaching values of 0.50–0.56 at blade speeds equal to about three wind speeds.
3.  The aerodynamic drag coefficients of structural elements of type VL-2 rotors with guys can reach a=0.06–0.07, which substantially exceeds the profile drag of the operating blades. Elimination of the guys and a relative increase of the area of the working blades in type VL-2N rotors makes it possible to reduce the indicated drag coefficient to a=0.031–0.033.
4.  At wind speeds exceeding 0.5–0.6 the blade speed and power output of the unit cease to depend on the wind speed. This property of orthogonal units protects the generator from overloads, simplifies regulation, and increases the reliability of the plants.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 49–53, November, 1988.  相似文献   

15.
Conclusions  
1.  The circumferential distribution of static pressures in pump and turbine modes of operations was obtained experimentally for slot and labyrinth types of radial seals of a mixed-flow pump-turbine runner.
2.  In the optimal turbine mode the main frequency of pressure fluctuations in the seal is the blade frequency and in the optimal pump mode the blade and revolution frequencies.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 2, pp. 23–24, February, 1997  相似文献   

16.
Conclusions  
1.  Gidrospetsproekt should design the groundwater system.
2.  One contractor should drill the wells and operate the groundwater-lowering system.
3.  In connection with the geological conditions, the wells should be of very high quality, for which own enrichment of the filter material (sand of the blanket) and strict control during drilling the wells are necessary.
4.  It is efficient to drill the wells by a 1BA-15V rig with a tool with backwashing.
5.  With respect to piles of the penstock foundation: Drilling the holes for the piles should be done only with casings. To organize 24-h work for increasing productivity. Works on forming the pile heads should be done immediately after concreting the pile. The piles should be tested after each change in the geological conditions.
6.  With respect vertical drainage: the wells should be of high quality, with an enormous safety margin.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 29–33, October, 1999.  相似文献   

17.
Conclusions  
1.  The developed method of strengthening lock chamber walls based on the use of prestressed beam members was substantiated by comprehensive calculations.
2.  The proposed method was realized successfully during strengthening and repair of the chamber walls of lock No. 1 of the Moscow Canal (sections No. 1–15).
3.  On-site observations of the behavior of the structures after their strengthening showed a substantial decrease of seasonal displacements of the lock walls and cessation of slipping of fragments of the walls into the chamber.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 4, pp. 17–21, April, 1999.  相似文献   

18.
1.  Effective designs of floated-in blocks of a TPS with a one- and two-tier arrangement of the turbines were developed on the basis of a unit with an orthogonal turbine.
2.  Layouts were obtained with the use of blocks of the proposed design for a TPS making possible a radical reduction of capital expenditures and construction time.
3.  It is expedient to develop the layouts and designs at the detailed design level, as well as with respect to the construction of river low-head hydroelectric stations.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 2, pp. 11–13, February, 1992.  相似文献   

19.
Conclusions  
1.  The quality control system created at the Zagorsk PSS mainly provides quality control of construction. However, the repeated transfer of control from one firm to another leads to the loss of primary documents needed for putting the structure into service.
2.  The absence of test equipment (tensile-test machines of more than 100 tons, freezers, etc.) does not permit conducting tests in good time and to the full extent.
3.  It is necessary to solve the problem of appropriate financing of the control service (at least 1% of the cost of construction and assembly works).
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 21–23, October, 1999.  相似文献   

20.
1.  The designs as well as the total safety factor of concrete-encased steel pressure conduits of operating hydraulic structures were analyzed.
2.  The principles of the existing standards related to calculations of concrete-encased steel pressure conduits were analyzed.
3.  Methods of calculating concrete-encased steel pressure conduits (including forks and distributors), including elements of the inside steel shell and reinforced-concrete part, were developed.
4.  The calculation methods developed were experimental substantiated and tested during designing and constructing domestic and foreign objects.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo No. 1, pp. 37–44, January, 1999  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司    京ICP备09084417号-23

京公网安备 11010802026262号