钇、镉共掺杂氧化锌纳米粉体的合成及光学性能

为了研究能隙修改和发光强度之间的关系,通过化学共沉淀法制备钇、镉共掺杂的氧化锌纳米粉体。采用XRD、XPS及PL对样品的晶体结构和光学性能进行研究。通过对钇、镉离子对氧化锌光学性能影响的研究发现,钇的掺入能够有效地增强氧化锌的紫外发光,钇、镉共掺杂在增强发光的同时,还使得氧化锌的带隙窄化,使得紫外发光红移,从而使得样品的室温光致发光图谱呈现出增强的紫光发射。该材料有望应用在制备光电器件方面。     

电化学沉积Mn掺杂纳米ZnO的结构和光学性质的研究

在Si衬底上用电化学沉积方法制备了Mn掺杂ZnO纳米晶X射线衍射（XRD）的研究表明,Mn离子取代Zn离子进入到 ZnO晶格中。场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像显示,ZnO纳米晶形貌的是柱状的。从光致发光谱可以看出,由于掺杂效应导致了可见发射带扩大, PL谱从122.8k到302.2k范围的拟合结果表明,Mn掺杂导致的激子结合能的降低。     

Er~(3+)掺杂位置对Er~(3+):BaTiO_3薄膜上转换发光的影响(英文)

采用溶胶-凝胶法在LaNiO3/Si衬底上制备Er3+掺杂BaTiO3薄膜。通过XRD、AFM和PL图谱分别研究薄膜的晶体结构、形貌以及上转换发光性能。结果表明,薄膜的微观结构和发光性能与Er3+掺杂晶格的位置有关。A位掺杂薄膜较B位掺杂薄膜具有较小的晶格常数和较好的结晶。PL光谱表明:A位掺杂的薄膜和B位掺杂的薄膜都于528nm和548nm处获得较强的绿色上转换发光以及在673nm处获得较弱的红光,分别对应Er3+离子的2H11/2→4I15/2,4S3/2→4I15/2和4F9/2→4I15/2能级跃迁。相对于B位掺杂的薄膜,A位掺杂样品有较强的绿光发射积分强度以及较弱的红光发射相对强度。这种差异可以通过薄膜的结晶状况和交叉弛豫机制来进行解释。     

ZnWO4:Eu nanorods: A potential tunable white light-emitting phosphors

One-dimensional ZnWO₄:Eu³⁺ nanorods with excellent photoluminescence (PL) properties were prepared by a facile template-free hydrothermal route. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as PL spectra. The results show that tunable color from blue through white to orange could be obtained by adjusting the doping concentration of Eu³⁺. It is notable that white light with CIE chromaticity coordinates of x = 0.32, y = 0.30 and the correlative color temperature of 5919 K could be observed by combining the broad blue-green emission band assigned to the charge transfer transition of tungstate group with red emission from Eu³⁺, upon the excitation of ultraviolet radiation.     

Enhanced ferroelectric, dielectric and optical behavior in Li-doped ZnO nanorods

Enhancement in the dielectric and ferroelectric properties has been observed in case of Li-doped ZnO nanorods (NR). Effect of Li-doping on ZnO structure and its optical properties has also been reported. In high resolution TEM studies, the length and diameter of as-synthesized Li-ZnO nanorods were found in the range of 100-150 nm and 20-70 nm, respectively. XRD studies, Li-doped ZnO NR exhibited wurzite structure in which lattice parameter becomes larger than the pure ZnO NR. In dielectric studies, higher dielectric constant and a ferroelectric phase transition at 72 °C were observed. In ferroelectric studies, high remnant polarization of 0.873 μC/cm² and low coercive field of 0.592 kV/cm were observed, which were better than their values in bulk Li-doped ZnO (0.044 μC/cm² and 2.0 kV/cm, respectively). In UV-Vis spectra, low absorption band edge at 352 nm was observed due to the size effect in the ZnO nanorods. In addition, PL spectra show a blue shift in both UV and visible region as a result of doping. These results are discussed in the light of the nanorods of confined geometry.     

Mn掺杂ZnO基纳米纤维的制备与表征

有效地制备出均一单相的Mn掺杂ZnO基纳米纤维是构建微型自旋电子器件的前提和基础。采用静电纺丝法制备了5种不同浓度的Mn掺杂ZnO纳米纤维。通过调节控制纺丝过程中的工作电压,可以有效控制前驱体纤维的形貌和直径分布。在适当的热处理条件下,XRD图谱表征该5种掺杂浓度的纤维均呈现良好的六方纤锌矿结构。光致发光谱显示该纤维在400~1000nm的波长范围内出现了2个发光峰,且均随着Mn掺杂的进入而发生蓝移现象。     

Photocatalytic activity of La-doped ZnO nanostructure materials synthesized by sonochemical method

ZnO nanostructure materials doped with different La contents were synthesized by sonochemical method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). In this research, XRD patterns of pure ZnO and La-doped ZnO are specified as hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure with no detection of La2O3 phase. SEM and TEM characterization revealed the flower shape of pure ZnO built-up from petals of hexagonal prisms with hexagonal pyramid tips. Upon doping with La, the flower-shaped ZnO is broken into individual 1D prism-like nanorods. Photocatalytic activities of the as-synthesized products were determined by measuring the degradation of methylene blue(MB) under ultraviolet–visible(UV) light irradiation.Among them, the 2.0 mol% La-doped ZnO shows better photocatalytic properties than any other products.     

Effect of Al concentration on photoluminescence properties of sol-gel derived hydrogen annealed ZnO

The effect of the Al/Zn atomic ratio on the photoluminescence properties of hydrogen annealed undoped and Al rich ZnO (AZO) films was studied. The Al/Zn atomic ratios in the AZO films were varied from 0 to 40%. All the AZO films exhibited three peaks in the UV, green and red regions, whereas the undoped ZnO films had two peaks in the UV and green regions. The PL intensity in the UV and red regions increased with an increase in Al concentrations. The highest PL intensity in the UV region was observed in the 20% Al/Zn atomic ratio due to improvement in crystal quality which was also confirmed by XRD measurements. The PL emission in the red region was due to complex luminescent centers like (V_zn-Al_zn)^?. A blue shift was seen in the red region with the introduction of Al. The 20% AZO films obtained the strongest signal at ?420 cm^?1, whereas no FTIR signal was observed at 420 cm^?1 in undoped ZnO. The bond signature at ?420 cm^?1 might be responsible for the highest PL intensity in NBE and red regions.     

Zn1-xCoxO纳米稀磁半导体的光催化性能

通过水热法合成了不同掺杂比例的一维Zn1-xCoxO(x=0,0.03,0.06和0.09)纳米棒,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、紫外可见光吸收光谱(UV-vis)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等研究了样品的晶体结构、形貌、磁性能、光吸收性能和光催化性能。结果表明:不同掺杂比例的Zn1-xCoxO均为结晶良好的六方纤锌矿结构,Co2+以替代Zn2+的形式进入到ZnO晶格中。样品形貌为一维纳米棒状结构,分散性良好。Co掺杂ZnO使得样品的能带隙减小,可见光吸收增加。掺杂样品在室温下具有明显的铁磁性,掺杂样品能增强降解有机染料罗丹明B(RhB)的光催化活性。     

Effect of defect complex on magnetic properties of (Fe,Mn)-doped ZnO thin films

We have observed room temperature ferromagnetism in Mn-doped and (Fe, Mn)-codoped ZnO thin films grown under different oxygen partial pressures by pulsed laser deposition. The X-ray diffraction and optical transmission spectra studies demonstrate the natural incorporation of Fe and Mn cations into wurtzite ZnO lattices. The effects of transition metal doping and defects on the magnetic properties was investigated. It is found that room temperature ferromagnetism is sensitive to oxygen vacancy and Zn vacancy. The absence of ferromagnetism in pure ZnO films grown under different oxygen partial pressures reveals that the transition metal ions should also play an important role in inducing the ferromagnetism.     

Optical properties and photocatalytic activity of Nd-doped ZnO powders

To improve the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxides, ZnO powders doped with different neodymium (Nd) concentrations were prepared via hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) together with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) patterns revealed that Nd atoms were successfully incorporated into the ZnO lattice. XRD pattern also showed some anisotropy of the powders. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum demonstrated a strong and broad peak in the visible light region, and the intensity of visible light emission was enhanced by Nd-doping. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange solution. It is shown that doping of Nd into ZnO induces an increase of the photocatalytic activity and it attains to optimum at 3% (mole fraction) doping concentration. The intense visible light emission and the enhanced photocatalytic activity were explained by the increase in electron hole pairs and induced defects like antisite oxygen O_Zn and interstitial oxygen O_i, due to the doping of Nd.     

O2浓度对纳米氧化锌形貌、产量和发光性质的影响

目的研究不同O_2体积浓度下,双管管式炉内不同沉积位置处纳米ZnO形貌、产量和发光性质的变化规律。方法采用化学气相沉积法,在双管管式炉的三个不同沉积位置制备了具有不同形貌、产量和性质的纳米ZnO产物。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和荧光分光光度计(PL)等对产物的形貌、结构和光致发光性能进行表征和测试。结果 SEM表明O_2体积浓度较小时,有利于形成针状的多脚结构。O_2体积浓度较大时,有利于生成棒状的多脚状结构。通过对比沉积产物产量发现,当O_2体积浓度较低时,沉积反应主要发生在内管外。随着O_2体积浓度的增大,沉积产物逐渐向内管内部转移,内管口附近的沉积产物增多。XRD结果表明所有产物均为六方纤锌矿结构,当O_2体积浓度为0.0625%时,产物沿c轴择优生长。随着O_2体积浓度的增加,无明显择优取向。PL结果表明,紫外发射峰与绿光发射峰强度的比值随着O_2体积浓度的增加而增大,说明绿光发射峰主要由氧空位引起,随着O_2体积浓度的增加,氧空位逐渐减少。结论通过调节O_2体积浓度可以制备出不同形貌和发光性质的纳米ZnO,从而应用于不同领域,并且在适当的沉积位置可以获得最大产量。     

泡沫镍网负载La3+/ZnO薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究

以乙酸锌为锌源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了金属泡沫镍网负载稀土元素镧掺杂氧化锌薄膜光催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、XPS、UV-vis对样品进行表征分析。并以废水中含量较大的抗生素磺胺二甲嘧啶为目标分解物,考察了薄膜催化剂在紫外灯下的光催化性能。结果表明：镧元素以三价正离子存在于薄膜中,镧成功掺入到氧化锌晶格中;镧掺杂降低了催化剂的禁带宽度,晶体颗粒变小,比表面积增大;薄膜催化剂表面分布均匀;镧掺杂氧化锌薄膜对抗生素有更高的催化效率。为光催化降解抗生素研究提供了新的思路。     

Low temperature solution-synthesis and photoluminescence properties of ZnO nanowires

A general and simple approach has been developed to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires from commercially available zinc acetate precursors using a solution-phase reaction. The influence of post-annealing temperature on the morphology of the zinc oxides nanowires was also investigated. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies, we confirm that the ZnO nanowires are highly crystalline in nature with preferential orientation in the c-axis direction, with nanowire diameters of around 30–60 nm. The photoluminescence (PL) studies demonstrate a strong UV luminescence band around 382 nm, and three weak, broad bands at 454, 468, and 510 nm, respectively, in the blue and green range. After being annealed under an air atmosphere, the products show an apparent red-shift in the UV emission band. The intensity of the defect-related emission bands was significantly suppressed.     

垂直生长于锌基底的Co掺杂ZnO纳米棒阵列显著室温铁磁性能

通过简单的水热合成法在锌片基底上一步制备了Co掺杂的ZnO纳米棒阵列。纳米棒在基底上均匀分布,取向一致,垂直于基底大面积生长。样品结构均为六方纤锌矿结构,具有高结晶质量,不含其它杂相。随着Co掺杂浓度的增加,紫外发射峰强度逐渐下降,近带隙发射峰的半峰宽也较纯ZnO变宽。拉曼光谱显示Co的掺杂使纳米棒出现了氧空位和锌填隙本征缺陷。随着Co浓度的增加这些缺陷也随之增加。掺杂纳米棒阵列的磁滞回线表明样品具有明显的铁磁特征,并有较大的矫顽力Hc~660 Oe。这种ZnO基稀磁半导体纳米棒阵列是一种在自旋电子器件中具有应用潜力的纳米材料。     

Oriented growth of ZnO nanostructures on different substrates via a hydrothermal method

Well-oriented ZnO nanorod arrays are successfully fabricated on different substrates. They are formed on different substrates at low temperature via a hydrothermal method, without adding any catalysts or templates. This approach is convenient and inexpensive. The morphologies of ZnO crystals could be controlled and transformed to other morphologies successfully by using different substrates. The effects of the substrates on the ZnO nanorod arrays have been systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterizations of XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveal that these products are pure single-crystal and the structure is uniform. The photoluminescence property has been detected by photoluminescence (PL) spectrum and Raman spectrum. Photoluminescence measurements show that each spectrum consists of the ultraviolet (UV) band and a relative broad visible light emission peak. But substrates play roles in the intensity of ultraviolet and visible light emission peak. The green emission in Raman measurement may be related to the surface states.     

Formation of ZnO nanorod arrays on polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) via a seeded growth low temperature hydrothermal reaction

ZnO nanorod arrays were formed by a low temperature hydrothermal process on seeded polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) sheets. The seed layer was formed using thermal oxidation of a thin evaporated Zn film on the PTFE sheet at 300 °C in air for 10 min. The formation of ZnO nanorod arrays in the hydrothermal reactive bath consisting of hexamethylamine (HMT) and Zn ions occurred via the reaction of hydroxyl ions released during the thermal degradation of HMT with the Zn ions. The seed layer provided a template for the nucleation of the ZnO and HMT which also acted as a chelating agent that promoted growth of the ZnO along the c-axis, leading to the formation of exclusively (0 0 2) ZnO nanorods. The effect of exposure time of the seeded PTFE to the reactive solution on the formation of the nanorods was investigated. Well aligned, relatively uniform tapered 300 nm long nanorods can be formed after 8 h of exposure. Longer exposure times to 24 h resulted in the formation of more uniform nanorods with base diameter averaged of ∼100 nm and the tip diameter of ∼50 nm. XRD analysis showed that the ZnO nanorod array had a hexagonal wurtzite structure. This result is in agreement with HR-TEM observations and Raman scattering analysis. Photoluminescence study showed that a strong UV emission peak was obtained at 380 nm and a small peak at 560 nm, which is associated with green emission. The optical band gap measured from these plots was at 3.2 eV on average.     

Absorption-emission study of hydrothermally grown Al:ZnO nanostructures

The preparation, structural characterization and optical properties of aluminum doped ZnO (Al:ZnO) nanostructures grown under hydrothermal method are reported. One-dimensional (1-D) growth is achieved by the controlled addition of metal nitrate as precursors in the presence of long chain surfactant, poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) at 160 °C for 20 h. The as-synthesized ZnO rods are single crystalline, exhibiting an oriented growth along [001] direction. The Al6 rod has an aspect ratio of 3.2, which can be effectively applied in optoelectronic devices. Comprehensive structural analysis using X-ray diffraction method (XRD) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) indicate that the dopant Al atom occupies Zn sites in ZnO and the elemental composition of Al is consistent with the amount utilized in the hydrothermal synthesis. XRD shows that the Al:ZnO nanostructures from 1 to 9 atomic percent (at.%) has hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. The Al dopant effects on lattice vibration and electronic transitions of the ZnO nanostructures have been investigated by Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) emission recorded at room temperature. The correlation existing between absorption and emission study tell that their characteristic band edge peak of doped ZnO shifts towards higher wavelength side for 3-9 at.% with respect to Al0 thus, exhibiting a red shift phenomenon with decrease in optical bandgap. The observed PL reveals two emission peaks centered at 374 nm and 530 nm. The near band edge (NBE) to defect emission ratio increases with dopant concentration indicating the linear enhancement in crystal quality and declination in zinc vacancies from 3 to 9 at.% of Al.     

Large-scale syntheses of uniform ZnO nanorods and ethanol gas sensors application

Uniform ZnO nanorods with a gram scale were prepared by a low temperature and solution-based method. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL). The results showed that the sample had uniform rod-like morphology with a narrow size distribution and highly crystallinity. Room-temperature PL spectra of these nanorods show an exciton emission around 382 nm and a negligible deep level emission, indicating the nanorods have high quality. The gas-sensing properties of the materials have been investigated. The results indicate that the as-prepared nanorods show much better sensitivity and stability. The n-type semiconductor gas sensor exhibited high sensitivity and fast response to ethanol gas at a work temperature of 400 °C. ZnO nanorods are excellent potential candidates for highly sensitive gas sensors and ultraviolet laser.     

Ce3+掺杂SiO2材料低温处理条件下两光致发光带的比较

采用溶胶-凝胶技术通过添加Ce（NO3）3制备了掺杂Ce3＋离子的纳米SiO2材料,利用红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱以及电子能谱等研究样品成分,并对不同热处理条件下样品的光致发光性能进行研究.结果表明,低温处理条件下样品中存在一定量的OH羟基,并且样品中的Ce离子主要以Ce^3＋的形式存在.在100-500℃较低温度下热处理的样品中存在两个峰值相近的光致发光带,最大值为344nm和357nm,其对应的最大激发峰分别为226nm和252nm.其中,344nm光致发光带起源于基体SiO2的缺陷中心,而357nm光致发光带起源于Ce^3＋的一种类液发光.