A low molecular weight heparin in hemodialysis

Summary The purpose of our study was to check whether the dosage recommended for the low molecular weight heparin tested here, i.e., 50% of the corresponding unfractionated heparin dose, is adequate to prevent clot formation in the extracorporeal system. Sixteen dialysis treatments of 4–5 h were given to each of six chronic dialysis patients. In dialyses 1, 2, 15 and 16 unfractionated heparin (initial dose 35 IU/kg, continuous dose 20 IU/kg/h) was given, and in dialyses 3–14 low molecular weight heparin (initial dose 17.5 anti-Xa U/kg, continuous dose 10 anti-X U/kg/h). At these dose levels of low molecular weight heparin, clot formation occurred in the extracorporeal system in five of the six patients, despite the fact that the plasma anti-Xa level of 0.5 U/ml recommended by the manufacturer had been attained. For this reason the continuous dose of low molecular weight heparin had to be raised to approx. 80% of the corresponding continuous dose of unfractionated heparin. A plasma anti-Xa level of 0.7 U/ml is necessary to prevent extracorporeal clot formation.Abbreviations anti-Xa U Anti-factor Xa unit - aPTT Activated partial thromboplastin time - AT III Antithrombin III - IU International unit - LMWH Low molecular weight heparin - UFH Unfractionated heparin     

低分子肝素对URSA患者外周血免疫细胞的影响

目的探讨低分子肝素对不明原因复发性流产（URSA）患者外周血免疫细胞的影响。方法研究组包括28例URSA患者,予低分子肝素（Fraxiparine 0.4-0.6ml/d或Enoxaparin 0.4-0.6ml/d iH）治疗至妊娠12w,于治疗前、3w后采用流式细胞术检测患者外周血中淋巴细胞亚群及血常规;15例未接受低分子肝素治疗的URSA患者为对照组,于首次就诊（血HCG确认妊娠）及2~3w后（流产清宫前）检测以上项目。结果研究组保胎成功率为86%,明显高于对照组33%（P〈0.05）;使用低分子肝素后USRA患者外周血中总T细胞数比例为（66.9±5.6）%,较使用前（61.2±7.4）%升高（P〈0.05）;NK细胞比例为（16.6±4.4）%,较使用前（19.4±7.3%）下降（P〈0.05）,中性粒细胞比例为（67.1±7.9）%,红细胞压积为（36.1±3.9）%,较使用前（70.7±7.8%）、（33.8±7.8%）均下降（P〈0.05）。结论低分子肝素对URSA有显著治疗效果,其作用机理除抗凝外,还可能直接降调URSA外周血中的NK细胞及中性粒细胞。     

低分子肝素治疗重度子痫前期患者外周血vWF、AT的变化

目的探讨低分子肝素能否改变重度子痫前期患者血浆中vWF含量,AT的活性水平,为低分子肝素用于重度子痫前期的治疗提供新的理论基础。方法选择2010年3月1日～2010年11月30日在天津医科大学宝坻临床学院、天津医科大学总医院分娩的重度子痫前期病人39例为研究组。根据入院顺序随机分成2组,传统治疗组20人,给予传统常规的治疗。低分子肝素治疗组19人,在传统常规治疗的基础上给予低分子肝素钙0.4m1,每天一次,皮下注射,两组分别于入院时及治疗3～5天后抽取孕妇静脉血,检测血浆vWF：Ag和AT：A及常规凝血试验。结果两组重度子痫前期患者治疗前血浆中vWF：Ag与同期对照组比较明显升高,而AT：A与同期对照组比较明显减少,低分子肝素治疗后血浆中vWF：Ag与治疗前比较明显降低,而AT：A与治疗前比较明显增高,传统方法治疗后血浆vWF：Ag和AT：A与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义。结论低分子肝素结合传统疗法治疗重度子痫前期患者,可改变患者血浆中vWF含量,AT的活性水平。     

Successful pregnancy with low molecular weight heparin in two women with recurrent miscarriage of unknown etiology

We report here two cases of recurrent miscarriages that were successfully treated with continuous intravenous administration of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). One patient experienced 11 spontaneous abortions, and the other eight abortions. Previous treatments including prednisone, aspirin and mononuclear-cell immunization were all unsuccessful. They were negative for anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant, and had no inherited thrombophilic disorder. Intravenous administration of LMWH, 4800 units of dalteparin, was started as soon as the conception was confirmed, and was continued until 34 weeks of gestation. They were delivered of live born infants.     

低分子肝素联合表皮细胞生长因子对吸入性损伤大鼠肺治疗效果的研究

目的探讨低分子肝素（LMWH）联合表皮细胞生长因子（EGF）对吸入性损伤后大鼠肺水清除及怖功能恢复的治疗作用。方法将40只Wistar大鼠随机分为4组：正常对照组、致伤埘照绀、EGF组和EGF联合LMWH组。正常对照组不做致伤处理,气管内滴入生理盐水,其余3组致伤后分别于气管内滴注生理盐水、EGF液、EGF和LMWH混合液。各组大鼠气管内淌入的液体总量均为2ml／kg。各组大鼠分别于致伤72h后取右肺做肺组织干湿比,左肺做组织病删切片和Brdu免疫组化观察肺卜皮细胞的增生情况。结果显微镜下观察,正常对照绀大鼠忡组织结卡句正常。敛伤对照组肺泡壁破坏严重,肺泡腔内可见大量粒细胞聚集,肺含水芾升高。EGF组和EGF联合LMWH组的上述病埋变化较轻,Brdu标记的肺上皮细胞数增多,忡禽水量降低。与EGF组相比,EGF联合LMWH组肺泡壁较完整,有较多增生的肺上皮细胞（P〈0．05）,且肺含水量下降（P〈0．05）。结论LMWH与EGF联合气管内给药可以减轻吸入性损伤后引起的肺水肿,促进肺上皮细胞增牛,有利于伤后肺功能的恢复。     

Preparation and hemostatic property of low molecular weight silk fibroin

Effective hemorrhage control becomes increasingly significant in today’s military and civilian trauma, while the topical hemostats currently available in market still have various disadvantages. In this study, three low molecular weight silk fibroins (LMSF) were prepared through hydrolysis of silk fibroin in a ternary solvent system of CaCl₂/H₂O/EtOH solution at different hydrolysis temperatures. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the content of β sheet structure in the LMSF decreased with the increase in hydrolysis temperature. The results of thromboelastographic and activated partial thromboplastin time methods showed that the LMSF hydrolyzed at 50?°C can significantly strengthen the coagulation in blood and activate the intrinsic pathway of coagulation cascade. In the murine hepatic injury model, the LMSF hydrolyzed at 50?°C can promote the blood clotting and decrease the blood loss and bleeding time. Based on these results, it can be suggested that the developed LMSF has the excellent hemostatic effect and may be a promising material in clinical hemostatic application.     

Renal processing of low molecular weight proteins

Previous renal clearance studies provided quantitative data concerning renal reabsorption of proteins while the simultaneous processes of renal accumulation and degradation remain, to a great extent, insufficiently investigated. Thus, it was the aim of this study to measure renal reabsorption of egg-white lysozyme at various lysozyme concentrations and to relate the corresponding accumulation and degradation of lysozyme to the lysozyme transport rates in intact rats and isolated perfused rat kidneys. Lysozyme (with¹²⁵I-lysozyme in certain experiments), was continuously infused i.v. or added to the perfusate to achieve plasma (or perfusate) concentrations of lysozyme (P_LY) of approximately 50, 500 or 1000 mg·l^–1 for periods of time varying between 3 and 120 or 150 min. Clearances of inulin and lysozyme or the total content of radioactivity and the trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble radioactivity in the kidney tissue were determined at the end of clearance or accumulation periods. Additionally the perfusate concentration of the metabolite tyrosine was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The reabsorption rates of lysozyme (T_LY) were concentration-dependent in both intact rats and isolated perfused rat kidney. After 25 min of lysozyme infusion, the lysozyme reabsorption rates amounted to 37, 245 and 331 g·min^–1·g^–1 kidney at the above lysozyme concentrations. After the same infusion time, the accumulation rates of lysozyme were 8, 59 and 118 g·min^–1·g^–1 kidney. The difference between the transport rate and accumulation rate should represent the renal degradation rate of lysozyme. The renal accumulation and degradation of lysozyme appeared to increase in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The renal lysozyme degradation is of limited capacity as shown by measuring directly the release of the amino acid tyrosine by using HPLC. Renal degradation of lysozyme was almost totally inhibited by gentamicin in the presence of significant transport of lysozyme.The results of this study also demonstrate the ability of the rat kidney to reabsorb and accumulate large amounts of the cationic low molecular weight protein lysozyme without ultrastructural changes at plasma concentrations of lysozyme as high as 500 mg·l^–1. Transmission electron microscopy indicated an increase in the number of endocytic vesicles and lysosomes at 1000 mg·l^–1 plasma concentration of lysozyme after a 30 min infusion.     

Identification of a low molecular weight IgM antibody with treponema pallidum specificity in sera of patients with chronic syphilis

Summary A low-molecular (8S) treponema-specific IgM antibody was isolated by means of Sephadex 200 G gel filtration and/or sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation in 78 of 4,120 sera of patients who had been identified to have had syphilis. The IgM specificity can be shown by indirect immunofluorescence using a -chain specific antiserum. The low molecular IgM (LMW-IgM) antibodies are not identical with the 19S-IgM as demonstrated in studies with gel filtration and sucrose gradient methods. They are not identical neither with 7S IgG or IgA. Neither the presence of antinuclear nor rheumatic factor could be shown in the LMW-IgM fraction. In most of the patients with LMW-IgM antibody, there existed a treponema infection of late latency.     

硫酸镁联合低分子肝素治疗早发型子痫前期的病例对照研究

目的探讨硫酸镁联合低分子肝素治疗早发型子痫前期的疗效及其妊娠结局。方法将50例早发型子痫前期患者分为硫酸镁治疗组（n=22）和硫酸镁联合低分子肝素治疗组（n=28）,并进行病例对照分析,观察治疗前后的凝血功能、肾功能变化及妊娠结局。结果两组患者治疗后收缩压及舒张压均明显下降,但下降幅度差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。排除治疗前凝血功能或肾功能基础值的影响,硫酸镁联合低分子肝素治疗使凝血酶原时间（PT）明显延长、凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值（PT-INR）明显增大、凝血酶时间（TT）明显延长,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但上述各指标改变后仍在正常范围以内。硫酸镁联合低分子肝素治疗对尿蛋白及血尿酸的减少影响更显著,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两个治疗组之间的血清尿素氮和血清肌酐的变化差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两组之间的分娩孕周、期待治疗时间、新生儿体重及新生儿出生Apgar评分及母儿并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论在传统治疗的基础上加用低分子肝素辅助治疗早发型子痫前期是安全的,且可以对肾功能起到保护作用,明显减少尿蛋白量。尚未观察到低分子肝素对妊娠结局的影响。     

Celiac disease in North Italian patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases

Background: Patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are prone to develop other autoimmune manifestations and to display autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes.

An increased prevalence of celiac disease (CD) was demonstrated in adult European and Italian patients with AITDs; conversely, an increased prevalence of AITDs was demonstrated in patients with CD. An IgA deficiency is the most frequent immunodeficiency in humans and, in general, high frequency of this disorder was demonstrated in those with autoimmune diseases.

Aim: To define the prevalence of both CD and IgA deficiency in North Italian patients with AITDs.

Methods: 276 Italian patients with AITD were enrolled (mean age 42.6 years range 12–89, 186 of whom had chronic thyroiditis and 90 had Graves' disease). The tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies of the IgA class (IgA-tTGAbs) were evaluated using an ELISA method in these patients. Furthermore, the serological levels of the IgA were determined.

Results: Five of the patients (1.8%) were affected by previously diagnosed CD and were on a gluten-free diet. Ten out of the remaining 271 patients (3.6%) were found to be positive for celiac-related autoantibodies. All of these patients agreed to undergo endoscopy and duodenal biopsies and silent CD was found in 5 of them but 5 had not histopathological signs of CD.

CD (clinical, silent or latent) was present in 15/276 (5.4%) of the North Italian patients with AITD; this prevalence is significantly higher with respect to the general population (p < 0.00001).

The genetic pattern of the 10 patients with both AITDs and CD was characterized by the presence of DQ2 in 8 patients and DQ8 in 2. An IgA deficiency was present in 2/276 of the patients (0.72%).

Conclusions: CD is significantly increased in patients with thyroid autoimmune disorders for this reason it is important to screen for CD in patients with AITDs.     

Oxidatively modified glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in neurodegenerative processes and the role of low molecular weight compounds in counteracting its aggregation and nuclear translocation

A number of independent studies have shown the contribution of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, GAPDH aggregates have been found in many post-mortem samples of brains of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson disease. Currently, it is accepted that GAPDH-mediated cell death pathways in the neurodegenerative processes are associated with apoptosis caused by GAPDH nuclear translocation and excessive aggregation under oxidative stress conditions. Also the role of GAPDH in neurodegenerative diseases is linked to it directly binding to specific amyloidogenic proteins and petides such as β-amyloid precursor protein, β-amyloid peptide and tau protein in Alzheimer’s disease, huntingtin in Huntington’s disease and α-synuclein in Parkinson disease. One of the latest studies indicated that GAPDH aggregates significantly accelerate amyloidogenesis of the β-amyloid peptide, which implies that aggregates of GAPDH may act as a specific aggregation “seed” in vitro.Previous detailed studies revealed that the active-site cysteine (Cys152) of GAPDH plays an essential role in the oxidative stress-induced aggregation of GAPDH associated with cell death. Furthermore, oxidative modification of this cysteine residue initiates the translocation of the enzyme to the nucleus, subsequently leading to apoptosis. The crystallographic structure of GAPDH shows that the Cys152 residue is located close to the surface of the molecule in a hydrophilic environment, which means that it can react with low molecular weight compounds such as hydroxynonenal or piceatannol. Therefore, it is highly possible that GAPDH may serve as a target for small molecule compounds with the potential to slow down or prevent the progression of neurodegenerative disorders.Recently appearing new evidence has highlighted the significance of low molecular weight compounds in counteracting the oxidation of GAPDH and consequently its aggregation and other unfavourable pathological processes. Hence, this review aims to present all recent findings concerning molecules that are able to interact with GAPDH and counteract its aggregation and translocation to the nucleus.     

Prospective randomized clinical study in general surgery comparing a new low molecular weight heparin with unfractionated heparin in the prevention of thrombosis

A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial was performed comparing the antithrombotic efficacy of the low molecular weight heparin LMWH 21–23, (Braun) with an unfractionated heparin in elective general surgical patients over an observation period of 7 postoperative days. A total of 230 patients were admitted: 103 (group I) received low molecular weight heparin and 100 (group II) low-dose unfractionated heparin treatment given subcutaneously. In group I 41 patients (46%) were operated on for malignant disease and in group II 54 patients (54%). Due to the large amount of great abdominal procedures the intra- and perioperative application of hydroxyethyl starch was allowed for volume substitution. None of the patients died due to fatal pulmonary embolism. In group I four patients revealed positive ¹²⁵I-labeled fibrinogen uptake (3.9%); two patients belonged to the hydroxyethyl starch subgroup. In group II five patients displayed a positive fibrinogen uptake (5%); two belonged to the hydroxyethyl starch subgroup. The results of the hemostaseological investigations (e.g., prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin clotting time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, protein C, plasminogen, ₂-antiplasmin , tissue-type plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor) revealed no statistically significant differences between groups I and II or their subgroups, although a tendency to prolonged clotting times was observed. The antifactor Xa activity values, however, displayed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The antifactor Xa activity measured up to 0.16 U/ml for the low molecular weight heparin (group I) and 0.05 U/ml for the unfractionated heparin (group II) in the postoperative period. Major bleeding complications were not encountered in this study. Fundamental for the low incidence of thrombosis, the additive administration of hydroxyethyl starch appeared in almost one-third of the patients in both study groups.Abbreviations APTT activated partial thromboplastin time - aXa anti-factor Xa - DVT deep venous thrombosis - FUT ¹²⁵I-labeled fibrinogen uptake test - HES hydroxyethyl starch - LMWH low molecular weight heparin - PE pulmonary embolism - UFH unfractioned heparin     

广东汉族人低分子量多肽基因的多态性

目的:了解广东汉族人LMP基因的分布特点,并与其它地区人群进行比较。方法:应用聚合酶链反应技术对正常人低分子量多肽基因LMP2和LMP7进行扩增以cfoI进行限制性酶切图谱分析。结果:广东汉族人的LMP2LMP7的基因频率分别是LMP2A0.3200,LMP2B0.6800,LMP7A0.4166,LMP7B0.5834。结论:广东汉族人LMP基因的分布与其它地区人群的分布有不同。     

Tonsillectomy associated with an increased risk of autoimmune diseases: A national cohort study

BackgroundTonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure. Recent evidence suggests that tonsils play an important role in our immune system. We thus hypothesize that individuals with tonsillectomy may face an increased incidence of autoimmune diseases in their later life.MethodsAll individuals that had a tonsillectomy in Sweden between 1997 and 2012 were identified from the Swedish Hospital Discharge and Outpatient Register, and were followed until the diagnosis of a set of autoimmune diseases. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to calculate the risk of autoimmune diseases as compared to the general population.ResultsA total of 179,875 individuals received a tonsillectomy in Sweden and 5357 of them were subsequently diagnosed with autoimmune diseases, giving an overall SIR of 1.34 (95%CI 1.30–1.37). For specific autoimmune diseases, 16 of them showed a significantly increased SIR, ranging between 1.21 and 2.97. The increased incidence was largely consistent irrespective of gender, age at operation, and underlying indications of tonsillectomy.ConclusionsThe incidence of a group of autoimmune diseases was higher in individuals operated with a tonsillectomy. Immune dysfunction due to tonsillectomy may partly explain the observed association. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be explored in future studies.     

A flow cytometry-based strategy to identify and express IgM from VH1-69 clonal peripheral B cells

Pathologic rheumatoid factor (RF) levels are hallmarks of several human diseases. Production of monoclonal RF in vitro is essential for studies of the antigenic specificities of RF, as well as for a dissection of the mechanisms of aberrant RF⁺ B cell activation. We have expanded upon previous methods to develop a flow cytometry-based method to efficiently clone monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from humans with expansions of RF-like, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgVH) 1-69 gene segment-containing B cells. The cloned variable regions are expressed as IgM and produced during culture at concentrations between 5 and 20 μg/ml. Using this system, we show that clonal Igs from patients with HCV-related mixed cryoglobulinemia, when expressed as IgM, have RF activity. We anticipate that this system will be useful for the cloning and expression of mAbs partially encoded by VH1-69 and for determination of the reactivity patterns of polyspecific, low-affinity IgMs of human pathogenic importance.     

自身免疫性风湿病患者皮肤溃疡的临床特点与治疗策略

目的研究自身免疫性风湿病（ARDs）合并皮肤溃疡患者的临床特点,治疗方法和效果。方法回顾性调查1998年至2008年中山大学附属第一医院ARDs合并皮肤溃疡住院患者的病例资料,分析ARDs患者皮肤溃疡的临床特点,各种治疗方法的效果。结果共有67例ARDs合并皮肤溃疡住院患者,126个溃疡,男女比例为1：3．1（16：51）,平均年龄（50．9±19．2）岁。70％患者溃疡发生时处于疾病活动期。绝大部分患者伴有多种器官系统受累和基础疾病,其中血象改变和低白蛋白血症常见。大部分溃疡在应用糖皮质激素和缓解病情抗风湿药物控制病情活动后保守治疗愈合或好转,或通过手术修复愈合。结论ARDs患者皮肤溃疡的发生及其临床表现与ARDs本身密切相关,治疗上应首先控制ARDs病情活动,再结合全身和局部情况决定手术或非手术治疗,并辅以综合治疗。     

Low levels of low molecular weight insulin-like growth factor-binding protein in patients with polycystic ovarian disease

Insulin-like growth factors IGF-I and IGF-II are bound to specificbinding proteins in serum. The lower mol. wt binding protein(IGF-BP) has been detected in various tissues, including secretoryendometrium and preovulatory follicles of the ovary. This groupstudied the circulating levels of IGF-BP in the serum of 23patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) and found thatone-third of them have a subnormal level. In comparison withPCOD patients with a normal level, those with a subnormal levelhad a higher degree of obesity and a tendency to be more hirsute.They also had a higher serum insulin concentration and testosterone/sexhormone-binding globulin (SHBG) ratio, but lower serum SHBGconcentration than those with a normal IGF-BP level. PCOD isthe second abnormal clinical condition, after insulinoma, inwhich subnormal serum IGF-BP concentrations have been reported.The significance of low serum IGF-BP levels to pathophysiologyof PCOD remains to be elucidated by studies on local interactionbetween IGF-BP and insulin in the polycystic ovary     

弹力绷带加压包扎联合低分子肝素对全髋关节置换患者下肢深静脉血栓的影响

目的探讨弹力绷带下肢加压包扎联合低分子肝素(Low molecular weight heparin,LMWH)预防全髋关节置换(Total hip arthroplasty,THA)患者下肢深静脉血栓(Deep venous thrombosis,DVT)的临床效果。方法回归分析2014年1月~2015年10月初次行全髋关节置换病例120例,所有患者皆使用低分子肝素抗凝以预防血栓形成,根据术后下肢是否采用弹力绷带加压包扎分为观察组和对照组。记录并观察术前血小板(Platelet,PLT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(Activated partial thromboplastin time,APTT)、凝血酶原时间(Prothrombin time,PT)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)、纤维蛋白原(Fibrinogen,FIB)、总胆固醇(Cholesterol,CHOL)、手术时间及术后引流量;采用彩色多普勒检查评估深静脉血栓形成情况。结果两组患者基线特征一致,具有可比性。术前两组PLT、APTT、PT、TG、FIB、CHOL及手术时间比较,差异无显著性意义(0.05)。观察组术后引流量高于对照组,但两组比较,差异无显著性意义(0.05)。术后深静脉血栓形成观察组少于对照组,但两组经卡方检验,差异无显著性意义(0.05)。结论弹力绷带下肢加压包扎联合低分子肝素预防THA术后深静脉血栓形成与单独使用低分子肝素比较无明显统计学差异,其是否能够明显减少DVT数量尚需扩大样本量进行深入研究。     

A simple method for quantifying IgM of low molecular weight.

A new and simple method for quantitation of IgM of low molecular weight in sera by radial immunodiffusion in 7% agar gel is described. The test is easy to perform and permits exact determination of low molecular weight IgM concentration down to very small quantities (1 mg%). Results obtained with the method described agree with previously used assay procedures and offer the advantage of convenience and rapidity.     

广东汉族人群LMP和TAP基因多态性及与变应性鼻炎的相关性

目的对广东地区汉族变应性鼻炎患者作抗原处理相关肽(TAP)和低分子量多肽(LMP)分型,探讨这些基因与广东人群中变应性鼻炎遗传易感性的可能关系。方法采用PCR扩增阻碍突变系统(PCR-ARMS)法和PCR-RFLP法对62名无亲缘关系的变应性鼻炎病人和95名无血缘关系的广东籍健康汉族人作TAP、LMP分型。结果TAPl-333、637位等位基因基因型在广东汉族变应性鼻炎组及正常对照组中均以I和D为主,TAP2-379、565、665等位基因基因型分别为V-A-T。TAP1和TAP2各等位基因基因型频率在变应性鼻炎组和正常人组间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。变应性鼻炎患者LMP7A/A频率占8.70%,低于正常对照组的21.35%,有显著差异(P<0.05),其余各型与正常对照组无明显差异(P>0.05)。变应性鼻炎病人中LMP7等位基因A的频率占36.23%,B的频率占63.77%,与正常对照组的A为47.09%、B为52.91%有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论提示LMP7等位基因A与AR的发病呈负关联,B与AR的发病呈正关联。变应性鼻炎与TAP基因可能无相关性.