蒙脱土对无卤阻燃PP/PA6复合材料的影响

将PA6、PP、阻燃剂、蒙脱土通过直接熔融共混制备无卤阻燃PP/PA6复合材料。通过水平燃烧、热重分析、氧指数、力学性能测试了蒙脱土在复合材料中的含量对PP/PA6复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,随着蒙脱土在复合材料中含量的增大,其阻燃性能和力学性能都得到了提高,当蒙脱土用量为2phr时,复合材料的综合性能达到最佳。     

不同凝聚态季膦盐改性蒙脱土对PP性能的影响

为了改善聚丙烯(PP)的性能,分别以液态的十四烷基三己基氯化磷(THTDP)改性蒙脱土(THTDPMMT)、固态的十六烷基苄基氯化磷改性蒙脱土(BCQPMMT)为添加剂制备PP复合材料,着重考察改性剂凝聚态及结构对PP复合材料性能的影响。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜进行表征。结果表明,THTDP较BCQP更易插入蒙脱土层间,更易扩大蒙脱土(001)面的片层间距,使蒙脱土颗粒更蓬松,更有利于PP分子链插入MMT层间。XRD和TEM结果表明,PP/THTDPMMT复合材料较PP/BCQPMMT复合材料中MMT (001)面的片层间距更大,MMT在PP基体中的分布分散更好。差示扫描量热分析结果表明,PP/THTDPMMT复合材料较PP/BCQPMMT复合材料具有更高的结晶温度和熔融温度,且均高于纯PP。动态力学分析结果表明,PP/THTDPMMT复合材料较PP/BCQPMMT复合材料具有更高的储能模量,且均高于纯PP。力学性能测试表明,PP/THTDPMMT复合材料较PP/BCQPMMT复合材料具有更优异的拉伸强度、冲击强度...     

PP/纳米蒙脱土复合材料炭层结构对阻燃性能的影响

采用熔融插层法制备了不同纳米蒙脱土含量的聚丙烯(PP)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)和PP/无机蒙脱土(MMT)复合材料,且评价了复合材料的阻燃性能:采用数码相机、扫描电子显微镜观察了燃烧残余物结构.加入OMMT可显著提高PP/OM MT的阻燃性能:纯PP的热释放速率(HRR)峰值为1 337.59 kW/m2;w(OMMT...     

聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料研究进展

文章简要介绍了蒙脱土的结构,概述了聚合物/蒙脱土纳米蒙脱土材料的结构及性能,详细介绍了聚丙烯(PP)/蒙脱土、聚乙烯(PE)/蒙脱土、环氧树脂(EP)/蒙脱土纳米复合材料国内外最新的研究进展,叙述了聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料优良的力学性能和热学性能。最后对聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的未来发展做了预测。     

OMMT/ZDMA协同增强HNBR复合材料的性能研究

以离子聚合物(ZDMA)、有机蒙脱土作补强剂,采用机械混炼法制备了氢化丁腈橡胶/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料,研究了OMMT/ZDMA协同作用对氢化丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料性能的影响,并使用扫描电镜(SEM)、热失重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)及力学性能测试等方法分析了复合材料的结构和性能。结果表明,有机蒙脱土用量较少可达到纳米级分散,材料力学性能得到相应改善;用量较大时,OMMT团聚几率增大,可能形成应力集中点,影响复合材料力学性能。热性能分析表明,加入有机蒙脱土在一定程度上提高了HNBR的热稳定性。     

PP／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能研究

采用熔融插层法制备出了聚丙烯（PP）／蒙脱土（OMMT）纳米复合材料,研究了蒙脱土的加入量对PP基体力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,蒙脱土的加入有助于提高PP基体的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

NBR／PP／蒙脱土纳米复合体系的制备和性能研究

以丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯为增容剂,采用熔融复合方法制备出NBR/PP/蒙脱土纳米复合体系。对丙烯酸熔触接枝PP的增容体系进行了深入得研究,其次还对未处理的MMT和处理过的纳米MMT对共混物结构和性能得影响进行了讨论。研究表明,在使用丙烯酸接枝PP对NBR/PP体系得增容性较好,通过熔融共混得方法制备了NBR/PP/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。对复合材料的介电性能,力学性能和相容性进行了研究,用红外光谱和扫描电镜表征该复合材料的结构。结果表明:丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯能够很好的改善PP和NBR、MMT的相容性,当十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性的蒙脱土用量为5Wt%、PP-g-AA用量为10Wt%时,NBR/PP/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的断裂伸长率提高20%,拉伸强度提高10%,撕裂强度提高80%。     

含氮相容剂对聚丙烯/蒙脱土复合材料阻燃性能的影响

以N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-NHA)为相容剂,采用熔融插层法,制备聚丙烯(PP)/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料;采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、偏光显微镜(POM)、差式扫描量热仪(DSC)和氧指数仪(LOI)等对复合材料的微观结构和性能进行了研究。结果表明PP-g-NHA能有效地改善PP与MMT的相容性,当蒙脱土用量为5%、PP-g-NHA用量为15%时,PP/PP-g-NHA/MMT纳米复合材料的极限氧指数(LOI)由PP的18提高到23。X射线衍射(XRD)测试表明,PP已经插层进入到蒙脱土片层中,当蒙脱土用量为5%、PP-g-NHA用量为5%时插层效果最好,DSC分析结果表明,复合材料的熔融温度和分解温度都有所上升。     

PP/OMMT复合材料的制备及其透氧性能研究

利用熔融插层法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料.利用X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪、透氧仪和力学性能测试研究了OMMT对PP结构、力学性能以及透氧率的影响,并对其机理进行了分析.结果表明,加入OMMT可有效降低PP的透氧率,添加5质量份OMMT的PP复合材料透氧率可降为纯PP的30.6%.     

蒙脱土含量对PP/PP-g-MMA/MMT复合材料性能影响的研究

以福建省武平县蒙脱土作原料,经过提纯和钠化后用十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(TMSAB,Trimethyl stearyl ammonium Bromide)作有机改性剂对蒙脱土进行有机化改性处理,得到有机蒙脱土(TMSAB蒙脱土)。以自制界面改性剂PP-g-MMA为增容剂,改变有机蒙脱土含量,经挤出造粒、注塑成型,制成PP/PP-g-MMA/OMMT复合材料的标准试样。通过测试复合材料的力学性能,并用XRD、DSC、DMA、TG进行表征,当有机蒙脱土含量低于2%时,在复合材料的抗拉强度和冲击强度不下降的情况下,拉伸模量得到较大的提高,达33.3%。     

聚丙烯的协效阻燃研究

采用熔融共混法制备出了聚丙烯（PP）/纳米氢氧化铝（nano-ATH）/有机改性蒙脱土（OMMT）纳米复合材料,研究了OMMT的加入量对PP/nano-ATH复合材料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,OMMT的加入,可以改善PP/nano-ATH复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和阻燃性能,但会严重损害PP/nano-ATH复合材料的冲击强度。     

Structure and properties of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites compatibilized by solid‐phase grafted polypropylene

Polypropylene/organic‐montmorillonite (PP/OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared via a solid‐phase PP graft (TMPP) with a higher grafting level as the compatibilizer. The effects of the compatibilizer on the structure and properties of PP/OMMT nanocomposites were investigated. The structure of the nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that when the weight ratio of TMPP and OMMT is greater than 1:1, the OMMT can be dispersed in PP matrix uniformly at the nanoscale. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites reached a maximum when the weight ratio of TMPP and OMMT is 1:1, although more uniform dispersion was achieved at a higher content of TMPP. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites decrease with the content of TMPP. The crystallization behavior, dynamic rheological property, and thermal stability of the nanocomposites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic rheological analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Due to the synergistic effects of TMPP and OMMT on the crystallization of PP, the crystallization peak temperature of the nanocomposites increased remarkably compared with that of the neat PP. TMPP shows β‐phase nucleating ability and OMMT promotes the development of β‐phase crystallite. The nanocomposites show restricted melt flow and enhanced temperature sensitivity compared with the neat PP. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites is obviously improved compared with that of the neat PP. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

PP/黏土纳米复合材料的结构与性能

采用熔体插层法制备聚丙烯（PP）/有机黏土（OMMT）纳米复合材料。XRD和TEM的测试结果表明,采用熔体插层法制备的PP/OMMT复合材料是剥离型纳米复合材料。力学性能实验结果表明,相容剂的加入提高了PP与OMMT之间的相互作用,使其各项力学性能都得到了提高;PP/OMMT纳米复合材料的各项力学性能在有机黏土含量较小的情况下,就可以有较大幅度的提高;与纯PP相比,相容剂含量为10 phr、有机黏土用量为1 phr的聚丙烯基纳米复合材料具有最好的各项力学性能。     

Flammability,thermal stability,and mechanical properties of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/polypropylene composites filled with intumescent flame retardant and inorganic synergists

Three kinds of inorganic particles, zinc borate (ZB), organic montmorillonite (OMMT), and expanded graphite (EG) as synergistic flame retardants, are incorporated into ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/polypropylene (EPDM/PP) composites filled with intumescent flame retardants (IFR). The effect of three synergistic flame retardants on the combustion, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the EPDM/PP/IFR composites are investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, cone calorimeter test (CCT), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy, mechanical property testing, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The results from LOI, UL-94, and CCT show that the synergistic effect of IFR with ZB and EG is better than IFR with OMMT in the flame retardant EPDM/PP/IFR composites. The TGA results indicate that the thermal stability and char residues of the composites is improved with the addition of inorganic particles, which is attributed to the formation of dense char layers to isolate heat flow. DMA results including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G"), and loss factor (tan δ) suggest that the composites with inorganic particles exhibit more rubber-filler interaction, which limits the movement of the rubber chains.     

聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯/超支化聚酰胺酯共混物及其纤维性能

以原位悬浮聚合法制备聚苯乙烯/超支化聚酰胺酯(PS/HBP)复合粒子,通过双螺杆共混挤出制备系列聚丙烯(PP)/PS/HBP三元共混物。运用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对PS/HBP复合粒子进行分析,以偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热仪和锥板流变仪等仪器研究了PP/PS/HBP共混体系的相容性、聚集态结构、结晶性和流变性等性能,以万能材料试验机、红外染色机和电脑测色仪研究纤维的力学性能和染色性能。结果表明:PP、PS为热力学不相容体系,少量HBP的加入即可改变PP球晶结构,使球晶小而密,同时PS均匀分散在PP中;引入HBP使得PP的结晶结构有所完善,结晶温度和结晶度升高;引入PS/HBP复合粒子对PP纤维可纺性影响不大,表现为结构化黏度指数轻微升高,但共混纤维可拉伸性较纯PP有极大提高,力学性能有明显改善,染色性能也有显著提高。     

Mg(OH)_2/RP对PP/OMMT复合材料阻燃性能的影响

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了PP/OMMT/Mg(OH)2/RP复合材料,并对其进行了锥形量热仪、OI、垂直燃烧测试。结果表明:PP/OMMT复合材料仅在锥形量热仪测试中表现出良好的阻燃性能,当加入Mg(OH)2时,体系的常规阻燃效果提高,RP的加入有效改善了OI及垂直燃烧测试的效果。RP与OMMT对Mg(OH)2均表现出协同作用。PP/OMMT(10%)/Mg(OH)2(20%)/RP(10%)在锥形量热仪测试、OI测试、垂直燃烧测试中均取得了良好的结果。     

Ultrasonic oscillations induced morphology and property development of polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites (PPCNs) with 3% organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) content were prepared via ultrasonic extrusion. The objective of present study was to investigate the effects of ultrasonic oscillations in processing on the morphology and property development of PPCNs. XRD and TEM results confirmed the intercalated structure of OMMT in conventional nanocomposite (without ultrasonic treatment) and ultrasonicated nanocomposite, but ultrasonic oscillations could make silicate layers finely dispersed and a little exfoliated. According to SEM, the OMMT particles were evenly and finely dispersed in the ultrasonicated nanocomposite via ultrasonic oscillations, and the aggregation size of clay particles was about 100 nm, which is less than that in conventional nanocomposite. The crystalline dimension, crystalline morphology and the growth rate of crystallization in PPCNs were investigated by DSC and PLM, it was found that the OMMT particles and ultrasonic oscillations played an important role in the nucleation rate, crystallization temperature and spherulite size of PP matrix in nanocomposites. Compared with conventional nanocomposite, the mechanical properties of the ultrasonicated nanocomposite increased due to the improved dispersion of OMMT and diminished spherulite size. The thermal stability and the rheological behavior of PP and its nanocomposites were both studied by thermogravimetry and high pressure rheometer, respectively.     

有机蒙脱土/丁基橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶的制备与性能

采用动态硫化法制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/丁基橡胶(IIR)/聚丙烯(PP)热塑性硫化胶(TPV),考察了OMMT的用量和IIR/PP的质量比对TPV的物理机械性能、动态力学性能及热性能的影响.结果表明,当OMMT的用量为20份时,TPV的物理机械性能较佳,Payne效应最弱,OMMT均匀地分布在基体中,阻尼性能较好...     

纳米有机蒙脱土/聚丙烯复合材料性能与结构研究

采用双螺杆熔融混合造粒和单螺杆挤出制样的方法制备了纳米有机蒙脱土（OMMT）／PP复合材料。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）及力学性能测试研究了复合材料的力学性能及纳米OMMT粒子的分散状况。结果表明，在纳米OMMT／PP复合体系中，纳米OMMT在基体中达到纳米级分散，同时，聚合物大分子链插入到纳米OMMT的层间，纳米OMMT的加入，不但使冲击强度显著提高，而且使弯曲弹性模量显著提高。     

Effect of exfoliated organophilic montmorillonite on the structure and conductivity of polypropylene/polyaniline composites

This study concentrates on the effect of organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) nanolayers on conductivity, structure, morphology, and mechanical properties of the polypropylene/polyaniline (PP/PANI) composites. The composite was prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline at different composition ratios in the presence of PP powder. The structure and conductivity of ternary PP/PANI/OMMT nanocomposites were compared with those of PP/PANI composites. DC electrical conductivity measurements indicated that electrical conductivity decreased in the presence of OMMT layers. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of ternary nanocomposites have more rough regions. The interaction between PANI and OMMT was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The distribution of OMMT layers in the polymer matrix, as an effective parameter on the properties of nanocomposite, was investigated and confirmed using X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed an exfoliated array for OMMT layers in the nanocomposite structure. The shear storage modulus for PP/PANI composites was lower than that for pure PP; however, it was increased for PP/PANI/OMMT nanocomposites. The data from the tensile and izod impact strength showed that the Young's modulus and izod impact strength were increased slightly by the addition of OMMT, whereas the elongation at break was decreased. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:699–707, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers