Synergistic Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Molybdate and Phosphate Ions for Anodic Oxidation Film Formed on 2024 Aluminum Alloy

In order to effectively improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys, anodic oxidation technique was used to generate the oxide film. We investigated the influences of two inorganic corrosion inhibitors(ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium molybdate) on the corrosion resistance of anodic oxidation films on 2024 aluminum alloy, and studied the synergistic effect of two corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion resistance of anodic oxidation film in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curves. Results show that, after adding the single ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or sodium molybdate of 0.01 M to oxalic acid electrolyte, inhibition efficiencies of the anodized samples are 10% and 47%, respectively. However, in the presence of two inhibitors with the same concentration of 0.01 M, inhibition efficiency can be as high as 92%. Therefore, we observed the significantly synergistic corrosion inhibition effect of molybdate and phosphate ions for anodic oxidation film formed on 2024 aluminum alloy.     

镁锰钙合金在模拟人体体液中的腐蚀行为研究

通过添加锰（Mn）的方法来提高镁（Mg）合金在模拟人体体液（Hanks模拟体液）环境中的耐腐蚀性。采用熔剂覆盖法炼制了Mg-xMn-0.5Ca（x=0.5;1.0;2.0）合金;实验结果表明,在Hanks模拟体液中浸泡4 d后,Mg-1Mn-0.5Ca合金腐蚀程度最低;交流阻抗谱测试表明,三者交流阻抗谱都由单一容抗弧线组成,浸泡4 d后,Mg-1Mn-0.5Ca合金的容抗弧半径最大,说明三种成分的镁合金以Mg-1Mn-0.5Ca合金的耐蚀性最佳。     

涂敷Na2SO4盐膜的Ni基合金在900℃空气中的热腐蚀

采用涂盐法,在纯Ni、Ni-10Cr、Ni-20Cr和Ni-10Cr-5Al合金上涂敷40～ 45 g/m2厚度Na2SO4盐膜,研究其在900℃空气中的热腐蚀行为.结果表明：纯Ni和3种Ni基合金的抗热腐蚀性能依纯Ni、Ni-10Cr-5Al、Ni-10Cr、Ni-20Cr的次序递增.3种Ni基合金形成了相似的腐蚀膜结构,腐蚀膜大体分3层,外层都是NiO.Ni-20Cr合金中间层为连续的Cr2O3层,内部出现极少的硫化物;Ni-10Cr合金腐蚀膜的中间层是相对深色的NiO和Cr2O3混合层,内侧出现硫化物;而Ni-10Cr-5Al合金腐蚀膜的中间层是NiO、Cr2 O3和Al2O3的混合氧化物,内层是Cr和Al的硫化物,分布在腐蚀膜和基体的界面上,有的分布在合金基体上.在Ni的基础上添加Cr并增加Cr含量均提高了合金的抗热腐蚀性能,但在Ni-10Cr的基础上增加质量分数5％Al却使抗热腐蚀性能下降.     

稀土在铝合金中的作用及研究进展

根据铝合金的传统分类方法,系统总结了稀土在铸造铝合金和变形铝合金中的作用,特别是在变形铝合金各个合金系中的作用. 作者发现,以往国内对稀土铝合金的研究主要集中在La、Ce、Y及混合稀土在铝及其合金中的作用和机理方面,对其他稀土元素在铝合金中的作用(诸如提高强韧性、耐蚀性及可焊性)研究甚少. 作者在稀土元素的选择上进行了深入研究,结果发现稀土Er在铝及其合金中具有显著作用,Er元素不仅能细化铝合金晶粒还能显著提高合金的强韧性、耐蚀性,因此有必要对其进行进一步研究.     

挤压比对6061铝合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用失重法、极化曲线探讨了不同挤压比下6061铝合金在不同环境下的耐腐蚀性能,利用光学显微镜、SEM观察铝合金的显微组织。结果表明:随着挤压比(=18、23、25)的增大,6061铝合金晶粒得到明显细化,经过阳极氧化处理后,铝合金表面形成的阳极氧化膜厚度随着挤压比增大而增加。在3%HCl溶液中,未经阳极氧化处理的铝合金,其耐腐蚀性能随着挤压比的增大而提高;而经过阳极氧化处理后,铝合金表面形成的阳极氧化膜在大的挤压比下更容易破损,耐腐蚀性能反而降低。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,未经阳极氧化处理的铝合金,其耐腐蚀性能随着挤压比增大而降低;经过阳极氧化处理后,挤压比越大,形成的阳极氧化膜越厚,对Cl-的阻挡作用就越明显,耐腐蚀性能也越好。     

Growth characterization of anodic film on AZ91D magnesium alloy in an electrolyte of Na2SiO3 and KF

Anodization of AZ91D magnesium alloy in the electrolyte solution of 0.5 mol/L of sodium silicate and 1.0 mol/L of potassium fluoride was investigated. The anodic films were characterized using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance of the various anodized alloys was evaluated by a fast corrosion test using the solution of hydrochloric acid and potassium dichromate. The results showed that the addition of KF resulted in the presence of NaF in the anodic film. The thickness of the anodic film formed under a constant current density of 20 mA/cm2 for 16 min at 60℃ exceeded 100 μm. The growth of the anodic film could be divided into three stages based on the anodizing time; the growth rate was much faster during stage Ⅱ than in stages Ⅰ and Ⅲ. The anodic film exhibited the highest corrosion resistance for the AZ91 alloy,which is attributed to the fact that the anodization was maintained until the end of stage Ⅱ.     

Electrochemical behavior of Mg-Al-Pb alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution

An investigation on electrochemical behavior of Mg-5%Pb alloy, Mg-6%Al alloy and Mg-6%Al-5%Pb alloy(mass fraction) in 3.5% Na Cl(mass fraction) solution was conducted using electrochemical measurements and corroded morphology observation, in which solid solution and the as-aged state of each alloy were compared to discuss the influence mechanism of lead and aluminium on the electrochemical properties of alloys. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis was performed to make microstructure characterization. The electrochemical results indicate that the corrosion of Mg-5%Pb alloy is predominated by homogeneous pitting and dissolution of PbCl_2 film due to Cl ions attack, while corrosion crevice propagates along grain boundaries in solid solution of Mg-6%Al alloy and the micro galvanic corrosion also plays vital role in Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase containing experimental alloys. The co-existence of lead and aluminium in magnesium alloy increases corrosion current density and electrochemical activity as well. The comparison between solid solution and the as-aged state demonstrates that Mg_2 Pb and Mg_(17)Al_(12) somewhat increase corrosion resistance but lighten anodic polarization by facilitating corrosion product flaking off.     

激光熔敷工艺对镍基合金的耐蚀性影响的研究

我国火电厂千瓦汽轮机末级叶片在特定工况下其进气边常常遭到腐蚀．我们对其进行了激光直接重熔和激光熔敷镍基合金处理,经形貌观察,物相分析及阳极极化曲线测定,结果表明,激光处理后其耐蚀性均比处理前提高．其中熔敷镍基Ｇ１１２合金的耐蚀性提高最大．若激光处理参数匹配恰当,三者比较,涂敷的镍基ＷＣ合金更易印化、耐蚀性最好．     

中温轧制对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金组织与抗腐蚀性能的影响

通过晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能测试,对经过不同中温轧制变形的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金的抗腐蚀性能进行研究,并通过金相分析和透射电子显微分析等对其机理进行探讨。结果表明,采用合适的中温轧制变形后,合金的抗腐蚀性能在不同程度上得到提高。随着变形量的增加,晶内析出相发生变形并向晶界移动,导致晶间无沉淀析出带变窄,合金的腐蚀通道变窄,抗晶间腐蚀性能得到提高。另一方面,沿着轧向变长的晶粒会降低合金的剥落腐蚀性能,导致变形量较小时(10%~50%)合金的抗腐蚀性能得到提高,而较大的变形量(80%)会降低合金的抗剥落腐蚀性能。     

Effect of Stress and Galvanic Factors on the Corrosion Behave of Aluminum Alloy

The interaction between stress and galvanic during the corrosion process of 5050 aluminum alloys was studied and the evolution of mechanics properties was indicated. Electrochemical impedance technique and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the surface electrochemical states and the corrosion morphology. At the same time, corrosion kinetics and thermodynamic theory were used to analyze the influencing mechanism of the stress factor and the galvanic factor. The results show that both of galvanic factor and tensile stress factor can increase the corrosion potential of aluminum alloys and result in the corrosion resistance decrease. With decreasing corrosion resistance, the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys decrease. These phenomena are attributed to two reasons: One is that aluminum alloys may under the condition of anodic polarization after coupled with 40 Cr Ni Mo A steel, so the corrosion can be promoted; The other is that with increasing stress, the electrochemical potential of 5050 aluminum alloys decreases and the potential difference between two materials increases, so the corrosion becomes serious. Compared to the stress factor, the galvanic factor is significant.     

镁及其合金燃点和耐蚀性的研究

通过试验,对镁合金的燃点和耐蚀性进行了研究,结果表明：在镁及其合金中加入Ca,Zn等合金元素可使其燃点大幅度提高,耐蚀性也得到很大的改善。     

Effects of Mg content on pore structure and electrochemical corrosion behaviors of porous Al-Mg alloys

Porous Al-Mg alloys with different nominal compositions were successfully fabricated via elemental powder reactive synthesis, and the phase composition, pore structure, and corrosion resistance were characterized with X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and electrochemical analyzer. The volume expansion ratio, open porosity and corrosion resistance in 3.5%(mass fraction) Na Cl aqueous solution of the alloys increase at first and then decrease with the increase of Mg content. The maxima of volume expansion ratio and open porosity are 18.3% and 28.1% for the porous Al-56%Mg(mass fraction) alloy, while there is the best corrosion resistance for the porous Al-37.5% Mg(mass fraction) alloy. The pore formation mechanism can be explained by Kirkendall effect, and the corrosion resistance can be mainly affected by the phase composition for the porous Al-Mg alloys. They would be of the potential application for filtration in the chloride environment.     

Comparative Study of Structure and Property Changes in Corrosive Media for Self-cleaning Superhydrophobic Magnesium Alloys

Magnesium alloys with superhydrophobicity are constructed by controlling rough surface structure and grafting long hydrophobic alkyl chains. Changes of morphology, phase structure, chemical composition as well as wettability, corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic magnesium alloy upon immersing in corrosive media are investigated comparatively. Meanwhile, the contaminating particles on as-prepared superhydrophobic surfaces can be taken away easily by rolling water droplets. Therefore, the results show that as-prepared superhydrophobic magnesium alloys exhibit enhanced corrosion resistance and self-healing performance. Finally, anti-corrosion and self-cleaning mechanisms are deduced. It can be concluded that it is an effective strategy of preparing superhydrophobic surfaces for improving the corrosion resistance and selfcleaning performance of magnesium alloys.     

Effects of current density on the corrosion behaviour of anodized aluminum alloy in FeCl3 solution

In the present study,2024 aluminum alloy specimen was anodized in acetic acid and oxalic acid electrolytcs.Effects of the currcnt dcnsity on thc microstructure and corrosion resistance of anodic oxide ...     

钛合金腐蚀行为的研究

用浸泡和电化学方法探讨了钛合金的腐蚀和电化学行为，并与不锈铜进行了比较，结果指出，钦合金在海水、盐水中具有高的耐蚀性，不易产生点蚀，在室温稀盐酸中亦有足够的耐蚀性。双相不锈钢Ｒ１合金的耐蚀性不及钛合金，但优于高铬镍奥氏体不锈钢ＣＡ—Ａ７２５Ｍ合金。     

La(Ni,Sn)5+x (x=0～0.35)贮氢合金的晶体结构与电化学性能

系统研究了La(Ni,Sn)_5+x（x=0~0.35) 无Co贮氢合金的化学计量比对其晶体结构及电化学性能的影响.X射线衍射分析仪（XRD）分析表明，上述合金均为单相CaCu₅结构.但在过计量比(x>0)合金的结构中，有部分1a位置元素（La）的原子被沿c轴定向排列的Ni-Ni“哑铃”对所替代，且其替代La原子的分数随x的增大而增多，从而导致合金晶胞的c轴及c/a比值明显增大，晶胞体积有所减小，并显著降低了合金的吸氢体积膨胀率.电化学测试表明，增大x值可使合金的循环稳定性得到显著提高，但也使合金的最大放电容量和高倍率放电性能有所降低.研究发现，由于合金的化学计量比增大会使其结构中含有较多的Ni-Ni“哑铃”对，合金的抗吸氢粉化能力得到了明显的改善，从而使合金在充放电过程中的反应比表面积有所减小、腐蚀速率得到抑制、循环稳定性得到显著提高.但合金反应比表面积的减小也导致了电极反应的速率的减小，从而使其高倍率放电性能有所降低.     

Fe-Cr合金在Na_2SO_4盐膜下的热腐蚀行为

研究表面涂覆20~25 g/m2和40~45 g/m2两种厚度Na2SO4盐膜的Fe-10Cr和Fe-20Cr合金在900℃空气中的热腐蚀行为.结果表明:涂盐量为20~25 g/m2和40~45 g/m2的Fe-10Cr和Fe-20Cr合金在腐蚀24 h后的腐蚀增重均明显大于未涂盐的两种合金在相同温度下纯氧化的增重;SEM分析表明涂两种厚度盐膜的Fe-10Cr合金的腐蚀膜均可分为3层,外层是Fe2O3,中间层以Fe2O3和Cr2O3的混合物为主,内腐蚀区有少量Cr的硫化物;两种涂盐量的Fe-20Cr合金表面均形成了较疏松的Cr2O3腐蚀层,腐蚀膜内层均未出现内硫化现象.     

烘烤对重铬酸盐封闭膜形貌和腐蚀行为的影响

铝合金阳极氧化后需进行封孔处理,烘烤极大的影响铝合金氧化膜的形貌和耐蚀性。本实验对2024铝合金阳极氧化经过重铬酸钾封孔处理后的膜进行烘烤研究。对烘烤过的试片与未烘烤的试片做电子显微镜表面形貌、激光共聚焦显微镜三维形貌及膜层的表面轮廓、膜的孔隙分布测试,且比较烘烤前后膜层的极化曲线。结果如下:铝合金阳极氧化重铬酸钾封闭后未烘烤膜的表面轮廓有很多非常深(深达18μm)、窄而细的孔,孔隙分布广而且密集;烘烤后封孔膜的孔隙深度降低,多孔层收缩变薄,孔隙分布稀疏。烘烤降低了重铬酸钾封闭膜的粗糙度且膜表面的凹坑有一定程度减少。从极化曲线看,烘烤后重铬酸钾封孔阳极钝化电流比未烘烤时低了几个数量级,说明烘烤提高了重铬酸钾封孔的铝合金的耐蚀能力。     

Ca对医用Mg-1Zn-xCa合金材料在模拟体液中腐蚀行为的研究

Mg-1Zn-xCa（x=0.25,0.5,1）合金通过浸泡于模拟体液（Hank’s模拟体液）中在恒温（37℃）条件下进行为期0～32 d的腐蚀浸泡实验.对浸泡后的试样宏观腐蚀形貌观察,测定其腐蚀速率.在浸泡期间测其交流阻抗和极化曲线,研究Ca含量对镁合金组织和腐蚀性能的影响。实验结果表明：在Hank’s模拟体液中,随着含Ca量的增加（x=0.25%,0.5%,1%）,Mg-2Zn-xCa合金的腐蚀程度加剧,腐蚀速率增大;由交流阻抗谱和极化曲线的测试分析发现,随着含Ca量的增加,交流阻抗谱的容抗弧逐渐增大,极化电流密度逐渐减小,镁合金的耐蚀性逐渐降低;因而,三种镁合金中Mg-1Zn-0.25Ca合金表现出最佳的抗腐蚀性能。     

Addition of Ce as additive to Pb-Ca-Sn-Al grid alloy for lead acid battery

0　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＰｂ Ｃａａｌｌｏｙｃａｎｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅｆｒｅｅｃａｐａ ｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｌｅａｄａｃｉｄｂａｔｔｅｒｙｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｖｅｒｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ.ＢｕｔｔｈｅｃａｓｔｉｎｇｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙｏｆＰｂ Ｃａａｌｌｏｙｉｓｎｏ ｇｏｏｄａｎｄｔｈｅｐａｓｓｉｖａｔｉｏｎｌａｙｅｒｏｆｈｉｇｈｉｍｐｅｄａｎｃｅｆｏｒｍｅｄｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｈａｓｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｉｎｆｌｕ ｅｎｃｅ…