新型冠状病毒肺炎病人康复早期心理应激状态调查及影响因素分析

目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）病人康复早期心理应激状态及其影响因素。方法 以2020年3月1日至2020年3月14日由专科医院治愈出院并转入我院隔离观察病房的COVID-19康复者126例为研究对象,通过网络问卷调查采集心理学信息,问卷包含创伤后应激障碍自评量表（PTSD-SS）、抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表。采用多元线性回归分析检验影响因素。结果 126例PTSD-SS评分平均（45.5±18.9）分,39例（31.0%）存在应激障碍;创伤性再体验评分平均（15.4±6.8）分,52例（41.3%）有反复重现体验症状;回避症状评分平均（11.9±5.7）分,35例（27.8%）存在回避症状;警觉性增高评分平均（11.3±5.0）分,51例（40.5%）警觉性增高。28例（22.2%）有焦虑情绪,48例（38.1%）有抑郁情绪。多因素线性回归分析发现,退休、心理支持与PTSD-SS评分及其三个症状评分呈显著负相关（P<0.05）,女性、焦虑情绪与PTSD-SS评分及其三个症状评分呈显著正相关（P<0.05）,抑郁情绪与警觉性增高评分呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。结论 近1/3的COVID-19病人康复早期存在应激障碍,女性、未退休、缺乏心理支持、存在焦虑抑郁情绪这四大类人群应激障碍症状尤为严重,建议所有康复病人定期接受心理评估     

Anxiety and depression in spinocerebellar ataxia patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: A cross-sectional study

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global concern, and the psychological impact cannot be overlooked. Our purpose was to evaluate the anxiety and depression in spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) patients during the pandemic and to analyse the influencing factors. We conducted an online questionnaire survey among 307 SCA patients from China and selected 319 healthy people matched by sex and age as the control group. The questionnaire included general information, the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and the self-rating depression scale (SDS). The relevant factors included COVID-19 risk factors, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), educational background, disease course, score on the scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA), Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS). The proportion of SCA patients with anxiety was 34.9%, and the proportion with depression was 56.7%. The SAS and SDS scores of the SCA patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (SAS: 45.8 ± 10.1 vs. 40.6 ± 8.9, P < 0.01; SDS: 55.1 ± 12.2 vs. 43.6 ± 11.9, P < 0.01). In SCA3, the risk of exposure to COVID-19, educational level, disease course and the severity of ataxia may be factors affecting patients’ mental health. More attention should be paid to the mental health of SCA patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.     

延时暴露疗法治疗创伤后应激障碍临床研究

目的：了解延时暴露疗法对创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者症状的疗效。方法：使用创伤后应激障碍自评量表（PTSD-SS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）对高中生进行测评,采用延时暴露疗法对21名PTSD患者进行了治疗。结果：地震后1年高中生PTSD患病率为6.65%,女性高于男性,延时暴露治疗后症状明显改善。结论：延时暴露疗法对地震后高中生PTSD治疗有效,在以后的心理干预中应注意关注PTSD患者的恐惧和回避症状。     

黛力新联合心理干预对丘脑梗死后合并抑郁焦虑状态的影响

目的探讨黛力新联合心理干预对丘脑梗死后合并抑郁焦虑症状的治疗效果。方法采用自评抑郁量表(SDS)、自评焦虑量表(SAS)对140例丘脑梗死患者进行评分及测定,并对合并焦虑抑郁的102例患者分别进行干预,分为对照组(34例)、心理干预治疗组(34例)及药物和心理干预治疗组(34例),分析药物治疗、心理干预对患者愈后的影响。结果丘脑梗死后易合并抑郁焦虑状态,发生率72.9%,严重影响患者的日常生活能力。与干预前相比,经过为期6周的心理干预、药物和心理干预后,心理干预治疗组、药物和心理干预治疗组患者的SAS及SDS评分均明显降低(P0.01);对照组治疗前后的SAS及SDS评分无明显变化(P0.05)。结论丘脑梗死后患者常发生抑郁焦虑症状,药物和心理干预治疗可减轻丘脑梗死后抑郁焦虑症状。     

汶川地震1年后北川干部创伤后应激症状及其与焦虑抑郁的关系

目的探讨汶川地震1年后北川干部创伤后应激症状及其与焦虑抑郁状况的关系。方法采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、PCL-C对北川县事业单位的2055名干部进行调查。结果①1341人(65.3%)再体验症状阳性,780人(38.0%)回避/麻木症状阳性,1076人(52.4%)警觉性增高症状阳性,695人(33.8%)三大症状均呈阳性。②北川干部SAS总粗分(37.22±9.20)高于中国常模(29.78±10.07),有差异显著性(P<0.001);③SDS总粗分(41.97±8.30)与标准分(52.47±10.37)均高于国内常模(33.46±8.55,41.88±10.57),有差异显著性(P<0.001);④PCL、SDS、SAS得分在受教育程度、亲人遇难、房屋倒塌、身体受伤方面均存在差异显著性;⑤PCL-C总分及各分量表得分与SDS标准分、SAS标准分均显著正相关(P<0.001)。结论汶川地震发生1年后,北川干部创伤后应激症状、焦虑症状、抑郁症状仍广泛存在,其中丧失明显者更为显著,而且创伤后应激症状常共病抑郁等其他心理问题。提示,在干预创伤后应激症状时,应同时改善合病的抑郁等状况。     

压力接种联合森田疗法治疗维持性血液透析患者的临床疗效研究

目的 探讨压力接种联合森田疗法在维持性血液透析(MHD)患者中的临床疗效.方法 选择2018年2月～2020年2月我院收治的100例MHD患者为主要研究对象,按随机数字表法将研究对象随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各50例.对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者在此基础上给予压力接种联合森田疗法干预.比较两组患者干预前后抑郁自...     

心理干预对癫患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响

目的:探讨心理干预对癫患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响。方法:对163例成人癫患者在抗癫治疗的同时实施为期3个月的心理干预;采用中文版Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别于干预前、干预后1个月和3个月进行评定。结果:163例癫患者实施心理干预后焦虑和抑郁情绪改善显著,并随干预时间延长而显著下降。与干预前比较,干预1周,SAS及SDS评分与干预前差异无统计学意义(P=0.469、0.272);干预1个月和3个月,SAS及SDS评分与干预前比较差异有显著统计学意义(F=15.196、16.207,P均<0.001)。结论:癫患者焦虑抑郁情绪明显;心理干预能够显著改善患者焦虑抑郁情绪;干预时间越长,效果越好。     

分娩前后孕产妇心理状态调查

目的:了解初产妇在分娩前后的焦虑、抑郁情况。方法:采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)进行评定分析,测定血雌二醇和孕酮值。结果:分娩前后均有一定的焦虑和抑郁发生率。结论:应重视孕产妇的心理状态。     

Role of perceived family support in psychological distress for pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic

BACKGROUNDThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused major public panic in China. Pregnant women may be more vulnerable to stress, which may cause them to have psychological problems. AIMTo explore the effects of perceived family support on psychological distress in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODSA total of 2232 subjects were recruited from three cities in China. Through the online surveys, information on demographic data and health status during pregnancy were collected. Insomnia severity index, generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale, patient health questionnaire-9, somatization subscale of the symptom check list 90 scale, and posttraumatic stress disorder checklist were used to assess the psychological distress.RESULTSA total of 1015 (45.4%) women reported having at least one psychological distress. The women who reported having inadequate family support were more likely to suffer from multiple psychological distress (≥ 2 psychological distress) than women who received adequate family support. Among the women who reported less family support, 41.8% reported depression, 31.1% reported anxiety, 8.2% reported insomnia, 13.3% reported somatization and 8.9% reported posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which were significantly higher than those who received strong family support. Perceived family support level was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (r = -0.118, P < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (r = -0.111, P < 0.001), and PTSD symptoms (r = -0.155, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONFamily support plays an important part on pregnant women’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Better family support can help improve the mental health of pregnant women.     

长期佩戴胰岛素泵的1型糖尿病患儿主要照顾者的心理调查

目的调查长期佩戴胰岛素泵的1型糖尿病患儿主要照顾者心理状况,并分析其影响因素。方法应用一般情况调查表、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)对96例长期佩戴胰岛素泵的1型糖尿病患儿主要照顾者进行问卷调查,并分析人口学特征对其心理状况。结果患儿主要照顾者的SAS为(37.67±6.25)分,SDS为(39.79±6.74)分,有焦虑和抑郁倾向。多元线性回归分析结果显示,患儿佩戴胰岛素泵时间、患儿血糖控制情况是影响照顾者焦虑和抑郁的主要因素。结论长期佩戴胰岛素泵的1型糖尿病患儿主要照顾者存在焦虑和抑郁的倾向,对其心理健康的关注应从佩戴胰岛素泵时间和血糖控制方面进行,从而减少因主要照顾者的焦虑和抑郁影响患儿治疗效果。     

The enemy who sealed the world: effects quarantine due to the COVID-19 on sleep quality,anxiety, and psychological distress in the Italian population

BackgroundThe 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global health emergency. The extreme actions aimed to reduce virus diffusion have profoundly changed the lifestyles of the Italian population. Moreover, fear of contracting the infection has generated high levels of anxiety. This study aimed to understand the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on sleep quality, general anxiety symptomatology, and psychological distress.MethodsAn online survey collected information on socio-demographic data and additional information concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, sleep quality, sleep disorders, generalized anxiety symptoms, psychological distress, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology related to COVID-19 were assessed.ResultsThis study included 2291 respondents. The results revealed that 57.1% of participants reported poor sleep quality, 32.1% high anxiety, 41.8% high distress, and 7.6% reported PTSD symptomatology linked to COVID-19. Youth and women, those uncertain regarding possible COVID-19 infection, and greater fear of direct contact with those infected by COVID-19 had an increased risk of developing sleep disturbances, as well as higher levels of anxiety and distress. Finally, a significant relationship between sleep quality, generalized anxiety, and psychological distress with PTSD symptoms related to COVID-19 was evidenced.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be a risk factor for sleep disorders and psychological diseases in the Italian population, as previously reported in China. These results should be used as a starting point for further studies aimed to develop psychological interventions to minimize the brief and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.     

恶性肿瘤患者围手术期情绪分析

目的：探讨恶性肿瘤患者围手术期情绪障碍动态变化特征。方法：用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS),观察55例恶性肿瘤患者住院不同时段情绪障碍的检出率及临床特征。结果：70％左右患者存在抑郁情绪。不同时段的焦虑、抑郁症状不同。结论：恶性肿瘤患者围手术期情绪障碍明显,需要予以干预。     

犬咬伤患者焦虑和抑郁症状的短期随访研究

目的:探讨犬咬伤患者的焦虑抑郁情绪在短期内的变化特点及其相关因素。方法:采用纵向研究对符合入组条件的506例犬咬伤患者应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别在犬咬伤当日和伤后4周测评,分析犬来源(家养和非家养),伤口暴露分级(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),性别,年龄与总分的关系。结果:犬咬伤患者在咬伤当日存在一定比例的焦虑(9.33%)和抑郁(2.65%)症状,两者的发生率相比差异有显著性(P<0.05),在咬伤当日和伤后4周再测评前后总分也差异有显著性(P<0.01),咬伤当日量表总分与女性、非家养、伤口暴露分级有关(P<0.05),其中Ⅲ级伤口暴露分级关联程度最大(β=13.365,P<0.05)。结论:一定比例的犬咬伤患者存在焦虑和抑郁症状,与女性、非家养、伤口暴露分级有关。     

湛江“4．28”校园重大突发事件对小学生心理健康的影响及其心理干预

目的了解湛江“4．28”校园重大突发事件受影响的小学生焦虑和抑郁障碍的严重性,并对暴露的因素进行分析,为进行有效心理干预提供依据。方法采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）对受“4．28”校园突发事件影响的五个班共357名小学生进行心理状况的调查。结果小学生焦虑和抑郁的阳性率分别为40．7％和24．9％;学生的性别与干预前后SAS和SDS的得分呈正相关,男生得分低于女生（P〈0．05）,班中有无伤员与干预前后SAS和SDS的评分呈正相关,班中有伤员的评分低于无伤员的评分;学生的性别与干预前后SAS和SDS的分差呈正相关,男生分差显著低于女生。班中有无伤员与干预前后SAS和SDS的分差则无显著相关性。结论校园突发事件对小学生的心理健康有明显的影响,且女生受影响的程度显著高于男生,及时开展有针对性的心理干预有一定作用。     

心理干预对精神分裂症患者亲属心理状况的影响

目的：探讨心理干预对精神分裂症患者亲属心理状况的影响。方法：采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和自编精神分裂症健康知识调查问卷对83名精神分裂症患者的亲属进行调查,并对其进行为期4周的心理干预。结果：精神分裂症患者亲属心理干预前的SAS和SDS评分分别为（53.90±2.02）分和（61.40±1.07）分,显著高于全国常模的（41.90±2.60）分和（41.40±1.83）分（P〈0.05）;心理干预后患者亲属的SAS和SDS评分分别为（41.00±1.56）分和（41.50±1.08）分,较干预前有显著降低（P〈0.05）;干预后亲属对患者疾病相关知识的知晓度明显提高。结论：心理干预可有效改善患者亲属的心理状况。     

自行编制的社区抑郁状态电话筛查问卷与常用抑郁和焦虑评定量表的一致性研究(下)

目的 研究自行编制的社区抑郁状态电话筛查问卷(community depression status screening questionnaire via telephone,CDSQ-T)与Hamilton抑郁量表(Hamilton depression rating scale,HAMD)、Hamilton焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety rating scale,HAMA)、Zung抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、Zung焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety seale,SAS)的相关性和一致性.方法 对14～86岁458例门诊患者同时先后进行CDSQ-T与HAMD、HAMA、SDS、SAS量表的评估.比较CDSQ-T与四个量表总分的相关性和一致性.线性关系采用线性回归模型分析.结果 Pearson相关分析显示,CDSQ-T总分与HAMD、HAMA、SDS、SAS的总分均明显相关(r分别为0.79、0.71、0.76、0.72,P均小于0.05);CDSQ-T总分与HAMD、HAMA、SDS、SAS总分的回归方程中回归系数分别为0.56、0.61、0.91、0.81(P<0.05);CDSQ-T总分与HAMD、HAMA、SDS、SAS总分散点图拟合直线的决定系数R2分别为0.63、0.50、0.57、0.52(P<0.05).结论 CDSQ-T与HAMD、HAMA、SDS、SAS之间均具有显著的线性相关,尤其是与自评的抑郁量表的一致性最好.     

感觉症状与Tourette综合征预后的关系

目的：分析Tourette综合征感觉症状对预后的影响.方法：随机选取Tourette综合征男性患儿120例,使用感觉性症状问卷进行评定,其中伴有感觉症状的患儿66例,不伴感觉症状的患儿54例,采用耶鲁抽动障碍严重程度量表（YGTSS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）以及焦虑自评量表（SAS）评定,使用氟哌啶醇治疗4周后再次评定.结果：不伴有感觉症状的Tourette综合征患儿较伴有感觉症状的患儿抽动症状好转明显（P＜0.01）;抑郁自评、焦虑自评严重程度轻.结论：Tourette综合征常伴有各种感觉症状,重视感觉症状将对疗效可产生有利的影响.     

癫(疒间)患者焦虑抑郁情绪研究

目的:探讨癫(疒间)患者焦虑抑郁情绪的有关因素. 方法:80例成年癫疒间患者,前期诊疗不规范,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估. 结果:癫疒间合并焦虑情绪者25%,合并抑郁情绪者45%.多因素回归分析结果显示,病程越长,发作程度越严重,男性患者更易产生焦虑情绪,而居住在农村的癫疒间患者更易产生抑郁情绪. 结论:癫疒间患者焦虑抑郁情绪明显高于正常人群,性别、病程、发作严重程度和生活居住地是影响癫疒间患者焦虑抑郁情绪的独立危险因素.     

癫患者焦虑抑郁情绪研究

目的：探讨癫癎患者焦虑抑郁情绪的有关因素。方法：80例成年癫癎患者，前期诊疗不规范，采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）评估。结果：癫癎合并焦虑情绪者25％，合并抑郁情绪者45％。多因素回归分析结果显示，病程越长，发作程度越严重，男性患者更易产生焦虑情绪，而居住在农村的癫癎患者更易产生抑郁情绪。结论：癫癎患者焦虑抑郁情绪明显高于正常人群，性别、病程、发作严重程度和生活居住地是影响癫癎患者焦虑抑郁情绪的独立危险因素。