产学研合作专项资金申报指南

产学研合作专项计划对应的管理处室是产学研结合处,该处室的职责范围涵盖：f1）牵头拟订产学研结合的政策措施,编制产学研结合发展规划、年度计划和产学研结合专项资金项目并组织实施;（2）负责组织产学研创新联盟、产学研结合示范基地建设和产业创新平台建设;（3）组织实施企业科技特派员行动计划;（4）推动建立以企业为主体、产学研紧密结合的技术创新体系;（5）承担广东省教育部产学研结合协调领导小组和广东省中国科学院全面战略合作协调领导小组的日常工作。     

主要发达国家政府在产学研合作中的职能特点分析与借鉴

主要发达国家政府在产学研合作过程中通过制定政策、法规,为产学研合作提供法律保障;设立专门计划、项目,划拨专项资金支持产学研合作;创办产学研结合的服务与研究中介机构;建设产学研合作的产业集聚区;采用多种形式鼓励人才培养和人员流动。目前我国各级政府在产学研合作中的职能尚未得到充分发挥。借鉴国外的经验对于推进我国产学研有机结合具有重要意义。     

科技珍闻

风向标六部门联手推进产学研结合推进产学研有机结合是建立国家创新体系的战略性措施。新年伊始,科技部、财政部、教育部、国务院国资委、全国总工会、国家开发银行等六部门成立了“推进产学研结合工作协调指导小组”,共同推进产学研紧密结合。指导小组近期的工作为:一是围绕《规划纲要》关于促进产学研结合的政策要求,结合配套政策实施细则的制定和实施,进一步完善促进产学研结合的有关机制和政策;二是组织开展部门联合专项调研,深入分析我国产学研结合的现状和主要问题,研究各主要国家促进产学研结合的情况;三是结合“十一五”科技计划的…     

我国产学研法律制度现状思考

2008年3月19日,科技部、财政部、教育部、国务院国资委、全国总工会、国家开发银行在北京联合召开推进产学研结合工作协调指导小组第二次会议,深入研究推进产学研结合工作,会议提出要联合制定发布推进产学研结合工作的若干意见;     

华南理工大学

<正>产学研模式华南理工大学秉承"以服务为宗旨,在贡献中发展"的理念,对学校产学研结合工作进行整体战略部署,加强组织力度,创新高校产学研结合的模式,积极投身产学研结合实践,多层次、多方位服务于广东经济建设和社会发展,学校的科技创新能力和服务社会能力不断提     

省部产学研创新联盟需厘清五大知识产权利益关系

<正>当前,建立系统合作、紧密合作、长期合作的省部产学研创新联盟,探索更高效的省部产学研创新联盟的组织模式和运行方式,是深化省部产学研合作的重要内容。其中,建立科学完善的产学研结合成果的知识产权归属和利益分配机制,是联盟得以持续良性循环发展的重要前提。然而,诚如广东省科技厅雷朝滋副厅长所指出的,"目前我国对产学研结合成果的知识产权归属、利益分配等问题均缺乏     

我国高校产学研相结合发展道路的新思考

产学研相结合是21世纪高等教育发展的必然趋势。走产学研相结合的创新教育发展道路,就要准确把握高校在技术创新体系中的基础和生力军作用;切实提高对产学研相结合在培养人才中的重要性的认识;构建高校“学为核心,产研助学”的产学研结合的创新体系;完善高校参与产学研结合的体制机制和政策导向机制,为建设创新型国家和建立技术创新体系提供科技支撑。     

进一步推动产学研合作向纵深发展方法初探

我国科技计划支持产学研的基本现状 产学研合作是发展高科技,实现产业化的重要举措;是使科学技术转化为生产力,开发自主知识产权的基本途径;是培养科技人才,使教育与科技结合的最佳渠道。2006年12月28日,国家科技部、国家财政部、国家教育部、国务院国有资产监督管理委员会、全国总工会和国家开发银行六部门成立了推进产学研结合工作协调指导小组,共同推进产学研结合工作。在我国科技计划中,支持产学研合作的方式有国家科技重大专项、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技支撑计划、星火计划、农业科技成果转化资金、科技型中小企业技术创新基金等,具体相关规定见表1。     

高校产学研结合存在的问题及应对

当前我国高校产学研结合工作在思想认识、运行机制、利益分配以及文化认同等方面存在着问题，必须从我国的国情出发，调准产学研结合的切入点，强化政府支持力度，创建产学研结合的人才互补模式，搞好产学研结合制度建设，才能确保产学研结合顺利进行.     

实施产学研战略 建设“智慧佛山”

<正>近十年,是佛山深化省部产学研合作,全面建设省部产学研结合示范市的重要关键时期。在有关部门和领导的大力支持和积极配合下,佛山市省部产学研结合工作稳步推进,取得了显著成效。2007年佛山市被省部产     

Surface interactions of MoO3/ α-Fe2O3 system

α-Fe₂O₃ -supported molybdena catalysts have been prepared by heating a mixture of MoO₃ and α-Fe₂O₃. XRD, XPS, LRS, TG-DTA and Mössbauer spectroscopy were used to characterize the interactions between MoO₃ and α-Fe₂O₃. The dispersion capacity of MoO₃ on the surface of α-Fe₂O₃ determined by XRD and XPS was 0.8 mmol/100m² α-Fe₂O₃ in the samples calcined at 420 . For the sample with low MoO₃ loading, LRS and FT-IR results showed that Mo⁶⁺ ions were located in the tetrahedral vacant sites on the surface of α-Fe₂O₃, signed as Mo- . The amount of Mo-II species, formed by Mo6+ ions incorporated into the octahedral vacant sites, increased with the MoO₃ loading. Based on the assumption that the (001) plane of α-Fe₂O₃ is preferentially exposed, almost all the Mo⁶⁺ ions of the dispersed molybdena species existed at the surface octahedral sites for the sample with MoO₃ loading close or beyond the dispersion capacity, and formed the Mo-II species. In this case, the capping O^2- ions linking with the incorporated Mo⁶⁺ ions formed a surface epitaxial structure, which was in good agreement with the results predicted by the incorporation model proposed previously. XRD and Mössbauer spectroscopy of the MoO₃ α-Fe₂O₃ samples calcined at different temperatures showed that the calcination temperature could strongly influence the interaction extent: ( i) at 420 , MoO₃ dispersed on the surface of α-Fe₂O₃ and formed surface Mo species; (ii ) at 500 , MoO₃ reacted with the bulk of α-Fe₂O₃ and formed Fe₂(MoO₄)₃ compound.     

Effect of aluminum oxide on the compressive strength of pellets

Analytical-reagent-grade Al₂O₃ was added to magnetite ore during the process of pelletizing, and the methods of mercury intrusion, scanning electron microscopy, and image processing were used to investigate the effect of Al₂O₃ on the compressive strength of the pellets. The results showed that, as the Al₂O₃ content increased, the compressive strength of the pellets increased slightly and then decreased gradually. When a small amount of Al₂O₃ was added to the pellets, the Al₂O₃ combined with fayalite (2FeO·SiO₂) and the aluminosilicate (2FeO·2Al₂O₃·5SiO₂) was generated, which releases some iron oxide and reduces the inhibition of fayalite to the solid phase of consolidation. When Al₂O₃ increased sequentially, high melting point of Al₂O₃ particles hinder the oxidation of Fe₃O₄ and the recrystallization of Fe2O3, making the internal porosity of the pellets increase, which leads to the decrease in compressive strength of the pellets.     

Dielectric,piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of lanthanum-modified PZTFN ceramics

Specimens of Pb_1?1.5xLa_x(Zr_0.53Ti_0.47)_1?y?zFe_yNb_zO₃(x = 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.012, and 0.016, y = z = 0.01) (PZTFN) ceramics were synthesized by a semi-wet route. In the present study, the effect of La doping was investigated on the structural, microstructural, dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics. The results show that, the tetragonal (space group P4mm) and rhombohedral (space group R3c) phases are observed to coexist in the sample at x = 0.012. Microstructural investigations of all the samples reveal that La doping inhibits grain growth. Doping of La into PZTFN improves the dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics. The hysteresis loops of all specimens exhibit nonlinear behavior. The dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties show a maximum response at x ≥ 0.012, which corresponds to the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB).     

Mining rice new germplasm containing S5n gene by functional molecular marker and sequencing

Inter-subspecific hybrids between indica and japonica varieties yield strong biological heterosis, but it is difficult to utilize the hybrids directly in commercial production due to sterility of F1. A special gene S5^n may overcome the hybrids sterility, which is caused by the interaction between S5 loci. Recently, S5^n had been cloned, and it was revealed containing a large DNA deletion sequence that made the gene nonfunctional, compared to S5^i or S5^j. We designed a pair of primers flanking the deletion sequence of Ssn, and then applied to distinguish the varieties with S5^n or non-S5^n, convincing result suggested that the primers could be served as functional molecular marker to efficiently identify the new germplasm with S5^n, Using the functional marker, we surveyed 197 varieties from China National Micro-core Rice Collection, and found ten of which represented S5^n including following varieties： Haobuka, Sanbangqishiluo, Mubanggu, Xiaohonggu, Mowanggu＇neiza, Laozaogu, Fanhaopi, Feie＇nu02, Baoxie-7B, Teqingxuanhui. Among them, two varieties Sanbangqishiluo and Laozaogu was previously reported to contain S5^n gene. Further sequence analysis on the DNA sequence covering both sides of deletion in S5^n of the 10 varieties confirmed that the detected sequences in above varieties was identical with those of varieties containing S5^n, such as 02428 and Linglun. These results suggested that the gene in S5 locus of the ten varieties was also nonfunctional and it proved the presence of S5^n gene.     

Assessment of the uncertainties in temperature change in China during the last century

We have used the China Homogenized Historic Temperature dataset and some long-term station series of the neighbor countries from CRUTEM3, a 5°×5° gridded dataset of monthly mean temperature since 1900, to provide a 107-year record of surface tem-perature trends and variability. We derived a comprehensive set of uncertainty estimates to accompany the data: measurement and sampling errors, uncertainties in temperature bias estimates, and uncertainties arising from limited observational coverage on large-scale averages have all been estimated. We reanalysed the temperature changes during the period of record. The best estimates of trends for 1900–2006 with uncertainties at 95% confidence range are about 0.09±0.017°C/decade for the year as a whole, and 0.14±0.021°C/decade, 0.11±0.021°C/decade, 0.04±0.017°C/decade, and 0.07±0.017°C/decade for winter, spring, summer and autumn respectively. For 1954–2006, the trends for annual, winter, spring, summer and autumn are: 0.26±0.032°C/decade, 0.35±0.046°C/decade, 0.25±0.051°C/decade, 0.16±0.037°C/decade and 0.22±0.055°C/decade. Winter saw the most significant warming trend in both 1900–2006 and 1954–2006, while during the most recent period (the satellite era, 1979–2006), all the seasons show similar warming trends: 0.45±0.13°C/decade, 0.51±0.11°C/decade, 0.52±0.16°C/decade, 0.37±0.10°C/decade and 0.50±0.16°C/decade for annual, winter, spring, summer and autumn. Trends arising from urbanization have been evaluated as less than 5% of the total warming trend for 1951–2001, so this bias was not removed.     

Effects of Yb^3＋ codoping on visible and near infrared emissions of Er^3＋-Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders by the sol-gel method

The 0.1 mol% Er^3＋ and 0-2 mol% Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders were prepared by the sol-gel method, and the phase structure, including only two crystalline types of doped Al2O3 phase, γ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3 and θ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3, was detected at the sintering temperature of 1000℃. The visible and near infrared emissions properties depended strongly on the Yb^3＋ codoping, and the corresponding maximal peak intensities centered at about 523, 545, 660 and 1533 nm were obtained respectively for the 0.1 mol% Er^3＋ and 0.5 mol% Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders, which were composed of θ-（Al,Er,Yb）2O3 and a small amount of γ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3 phases. The two-photon absorption process was responsible for the visible up-conversion emissions, and the one-photon absorption process was involved in the near infrared emissions of the Er^3＋-yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders.     

Variability and reduction of atmospheric pollutants in Beijing and its surrounding area during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Network was established by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The goals of the network were to monitor and provide warnings of the atmospheric quality in Beijing and its surrounding area during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The results showed that the atmospheric complex pollution exhibited high concentrations of ozone and fine particles and oxidation in summer, with a ubiquitous regional source. The regional mean concentrations of SO₂, PM_2.5, NO₂, and O_{3_8h max} (the maximum daily 8 h mean) and O_x were 22±11, 90±40, 25±5, 136±35 and 112±21 μg/m³ in summer, respectively. During the Olympic Games, the mean concentration of SO₂, PM_2.5, NO_{2, O3_8h} max, and O_x were 12.5±4, 56±28, 23±4, 114±29, 95±17 μg/m³ in the region, respectively, and fell by 51.0%, 43.7%, 13%, 20.2%, and 18.9%, respectively, compared to the prophase mean before the Olympic Games. The concentration of atmospheric pollutants declined significantly and achieved the “Green Olympics” control goal of air quality. After the Olympic Games, SO₂, PM_2.5 and NO_x increased significantly as the temporary atmospheric pollution control measures were terminated.     

高铝钢精炼渣的热力学计算与分析

为了在高铝钢中得到最低的溶解氧含量,必须找到CaO-Al2O3-MgO体系中Al2O3活度最低点的位置。因此,利用炉渣结构的共存理论,结合CaO-Al2O3-MgO相图,利用Matlab软件计算了CaO-Al2O3-MgO体系中Al2O3活度。通过对不同模型计算出的CaO-Al2O3渣系中Al2O3活度值比较,表明其变化趋势基本相同。由共存理论对CaO-Al2O3-MgO体系中Al2O3活度进行计算得到,在一定的MgO含量下,随着CaO含量增加,炉渣中Al2O3活度降低;在一定的CaO含量下,随着MgO含量增加,炉渣中Al2O3活度降低,且Al2O3活度最低值在CaO和MgO均达饱和的区域。     

Ca5Zn3相稳定性和物理性质的第一性原理研究

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法对Ca_5Zn_3化合物的晶格常数、形成焓、弹性常数、以及电子态密度等进行计算研究。为了获得Ca_5Zn_3化合物的结构稳定性,考虑了Cr_5B_3、W_5Si_3以及Mn_5Si_3 3种结构类型,计算得到的形成焓表明:具有Cr5B3结构类型的Ca_5Zn_3最稳定,其次为Mn_5Si_3型,最后是W_5Si_3型。对该化合物的弹性常数、电子态密度和电荷密度差进行了计算。最后利用德拜模型,对Ca_5Zn_3的热物理性能进行了计算,获得体积、体积模量、热膨胀系数以及等容热容随温度和压强变化的规律,为该化合物在热电方面的应用提供了理论依据。