多变量系统的软测量建模研究

研究加氢裂化分馏塔多个产品的质量指标同时预报的一类ＭＩＭＯ软测量建模问题,采用ＲＢＦ网络和Ｆｕｚｚｙ ＡＲＴＭＡＰ网络对该ＭＩＭＯ系统进行建模,并用ＲＢＦ网络建立了每个输出的独立的ＭＩＳＯ软测量模型。应用实例表明,所研究的软测量建模为多变量系统软件测量的工业应用提供了一种有效实用的方法。     

模糊－PID控制器的计算机辅助设计

模糊－ＰＩＤ控制器的计算机辅助设计熊聪聪，白瑞林ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅＣＡＤｏｆｔｈｅＦｕｚｚｙ—ＰＩＤＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｒ￥ＸｉｏｎｇＣｏｎｇｃｏｎｇ；ＢａｉＲｕｉｌｉｎｌ引言模糊控制器与ＰＩＤ、自适应等控制器不同．它的控制规则是产生式的模糊语言规则...     

一种新的自适应谐振算法

本文提出了一个综合多种神经网络理论的学习算法ＦＴＡＲＴ（ｆｉｅｌｄｔｈｅｏｒｙ—ｂａｓｅｄａｄａｐｔｉｖｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅｔｈｅｏｒｙ），它将ＡＲＴ（ａｄａｐｔｉｖｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅｔｈｅｏｒｙ）算法、ＦｉｅｌｄＴｈｅｏｒｙ和ＡＲＴＭＡＰ等算法的优点有机结合，并以样本在实例空间出现的概率为启发信息修改分类．ＦＴＡＲＴ由于采用了不同于其它算法的冲突解决和动态扩大分类区域的方法，因此取得了较好的效果．本文还对实现ＦＴＡＲＴ算法的结果进行了验证．     

A FEATURE－BASED PRODUCT MODELLING SYSTEM ON PC （CASE STUDY OF PARTS DESIGN FOR PRESS MACHINE）

ＡＦＥＡＴＵＲＥ－ＢＡＳＥＤＰＲＯＤＵＣＴＭＯＤＥＬＬＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＯＮＰＣ（ＣＡＳＥＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＰＡＲＴＳＤＥＳＩＧＮＦＯＲＰＲＥＳＳＭＡＣＨＩＮＥ）ＹｏｎａｓＨａｇｏｓ；ＴｏｎｇＢｉｎｇｓｈｕＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅｒｅｐｏ...     

对FTART算法的研究及改进

ＦＴＡＲＴ（ｆｉｅｌｄｔｈｅｏｒｙ－ｂａｓｅｄＡＲＴ）算法结合了ＡＲＴ（ａｄａｐｔｉｖｅｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅｔｈｅｏｒｙ）算法、ＡＲＴＭＡＰ算法、域理论的思想，以样本在实例空间中出现的概率为启发信息修改学习中生成的分类，采用了不同于其它算法的解决样本间的冲突和动态扩大分类区域的方法．本文在对ＦＴＡＲＴ算法的研究的基础上进行了改进，使算法在学习连续函数的映射时更加有效．同时给出了算法的测试结果和对测试结果的分析，测试表明，ＦＴＡＲＴ算法在模式识别和连续函数映射的学习方面具有比较好的性能.     

用快速自适应组合网格方法（FAC）求解二阶椭圆型偏微分方程

用快速自适应组合网格方法（ＦＡＣ）求解二阶椭圆型偏微分方程彭志健，林振宝，石济民（香港理工学院应用数学系）ＯＮＴＨＥＣＯＭＰＵＴＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＡＳＰＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＨＥＦＡＳＴＡＤＡＰＴＩＶＥＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＧＲＩＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＳＯＬＶＩＮＧＳ...     

硬盘“丢失”故障排除

一台５８６兼容机,Ｐ１３３,１６Ｍ,ＲＡＭ,１２ＧＨＤＤ（分为Ｃ、Ｄ两个逻辑盘）,一同事在使用过程中出现硬盘“丢失”,机器不能启动的故障,每次启动时,屏幕显示系统引导失败:“ＤＩＳＫＢＯＯＴＦＡＩＬＵＲＥ,ＩＮＳＥＲＴＳＹＳＴＥＭＤＩＳＫＡＮＤＰＲＥＳＳＥＮＴ...     

功能强大的POWER TOY

ＰＯＷＥＲＴＯＹ这个软件包 ,包括了１５个“玩具”！它们是ＴｗｅａｋＵＩ,ＦｉｎｄＸ,ＳｅｎｄｔｏＸ,ＳｈｏｒｔｃｕｔＴａｒｇｅｔＭｅｎｕ,ＥｘｐｌｏｒｅｒＦｒｏｍＨｅｒｅ,ＤＯＳＰｒｏｍｐｔＨｅｒｅ,ＲｏｕｎｄＣｌｏｃｋ,ＤｅｓｋＭｅｎｕ,ＣａｂＦｉｌｅＶｉｅｗｅｒ,ＦｌｅｘｉＣＤ,ＦａｓｔＦｏｌｄｅｒＣｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ,ＴａｐｉＴＮＡ（ＴｅｌｅｐｈｏｎｙＴａｓｋｂａｒＮｏｔｉｆｉ ｃａｔｉｏｎＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ）,Ｑｕｉｃｋｅｒ,ＸＭｏｕｓｅ,Ａｕｔｏｐｌａｙ。由ＭｉｃｒｏｓｏｆｔＷｉｎ９５…     

工业控制网络协议MMP技术的研究与实现

计算机综合制造系统ＣＩＭＳ中最重要的子系统是计算机局部网络，ＭＡＰ则是ＣＩＭＳ系统中计算机局部控制网络的通信协议。本文着重研究ＭｉｎｉＭＡＰ网络技术，通过把目前技术比较成熟的产品（如ＡＲＣＮＥＴ网络）和ＭｉｎｉＭＡＰ协议相结合，实现一种投资省、研制周期快的ＭｉｎｉＭＡＰ网络。     

一种基于模糊CMAC神经网络的自学习控制器

通过分析模糊控制和基于广义基函数的ＣＭＡＣ神经网络,提出一种模糊ＣＭＡＣ（ＦＣＭＡＣ）神经网络。通过ＦＣＭＡＣ权系数的在线学习,实现修正模糊逻辑。给出一种基于ＦＣＭＡＣ的自学习控制器的结构及合适的学习算法,这种网络每次学习少量参数,算法简单。仿真结果表明所提出的控制器优于传统的ＰＩＤ控制器。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).