液膜蒸发强化传热表面的传热与流动特性分析

提出一种新的液膜蒸发强化换热表面－波纹丝网换热表面，在丝网结构尺寸进行６种改变后，通过对其传热和流动表面规律的研究，发现合适的优化结构可广泛应用于蒸发冷却系统中。     

基于采用分液冷凝有机闪蒸循环分液干度分析及优化

分液冷凝是一种新兴的强化传热方法,可以显著提高冷凝传热系数。将分液冷凝应用于有机闪蒸循环(OFC),采用R227ea、R236ea、R245fa、R600、R601、R600a、R601a、R1234ze和R1234yf为循环工质,分别研究了进口干度、分液干度、冷却水温升和质流密度对冷凝器换热面积的影响。研究结果表明:当进口干度较大时,换热面积会随着分液干度的增大而先减小后增大;当分液干度较小时,分液干度越接近进口干度换热面积越小。采用分液冷凝后的冷凝器换热面积相对不分液时减少13.2%~55.3%,且相对减少量随着进口干度的增大而减小。     

EHD_脉动流混合强化传热换热器的传热与阻力特性实验研究

以水为工质,实验研究了EHD(电场)与脉动流对单管换热器内的传热与阻力特性影响。实验中,电压值设定为0-40 kV,脉动流频率f=1、2、3 Hz,脉动流幅度A=1,脉动流条件下的管内时均流量q=0.1-0.5 m3/h。实验结果表明:管程脉动流单独作用时,同一流量条件下,f增加时传热系数α无明显变化,即脉动流单独作用对圆管传热强化作用不显著;EHD单独作用能显著强化传热,电压相对较小时,α增长缓慢,当电压U30 kV时α较快增长,但随着电压的继续增加渐趋平缓,α最大提高0.12倍;脉动流和EHD具有一定的复合作用,f对有电场强化条件下的α有较大影响,尤其是当U30 kV时,f越大,相同电场强度下管程α越大,对应的α最高可提高约0.25倍;EHD/脉动流混合作用时,随着Re的增大,管程阻力系数λ逐渐降低,并且在相同的Re情况下,脉动强化措施下的λ要明显高于无脉动情况;同一Re条件下,同频率工况时,电压的增大与否,对λ的改变并无影响,即阻力损耗主要来源于脉动流的作用,而电场对此的影响较小。     

管内在线防垢及强化传热的实验研究

以饱和ＣａＣＯ３为物料,研究加热器管内移动弹簧的防垢,强化传热性能和结构参数及操作变量的相互影响。文中对防垢和强化传热的机理进行了探讨和实验研究,给出了强化传热和防垢的理论依据。     

加湿热空气对流冷凝换热冷凝液量的实验研究

以冷凝式燃气锅炉的冷凝受热面为原型,采用加湿热空气模拟燃气锅炉的尾部烟气,通过单列光管间壁式换热器进行冷凝换热,在较宽广的加湿热空气温度(100～200℃)和水蒸气体积分数(4%～16%)范围内研究了冷凝液量的生成规律.实验结果表明:水蒸气分压力、冷却水流量和加湿热空气流量是影响水蒸气冷凝液量的主要因素,水蒸气的凝结率为40%～75%.由实验数据进行多元线性回归分析,提出了一个新的计算冷凝液量的经验关系式.     

不锈钢螺旋槽管水平强化传热的实验研究

本文对低导热系数的水平不锈钢螺旋槽管进行了凝结换热实验研究，并对不锈钢管的壁温测量进行了探索，通过分析得到了水平单头不锈钢螺旋槽管的水测对流换热系数准则方程。     

T型沸腾强化换热管传热性能的实验研究

对一种T型翅片内螺纹沸腾强化换热管进行换热性能实验研究,管外以制冷剂R134a为工质,管内以水为介质,在定热流密度(q=9 000 W/m2)与定水流速(v=1.5 m/s,v=2.6 m/s)的工况下得到一系列实验数据.利用Wilson图解法得到管内外的换热系数,并与理论光管计算值进行比较,得出T型翅片管管内外沸腾换...     

液幕状气液两相流流动特性的实验研究

提出了一种名为“液幕状气液两相流”的新流型。对液幕状气液两相流的流动特性进行了实验研究,着重研究液幕状气液两相流的床层高度和阻力特性以及气相和液相流动速度之间的关系,得到了当量床层高度、实际床层高度以及液幕床层阻力系数计算的关联式。这些关联式为液幕状气液两相流的研究提供了基础性的科学实验数据。     

固—液相变蓄热强化传热的实验研究

石蜡是良好的盯变蓄热材料（ＰＣＭ）,没有相分离和过冷现象。本文描述了以石蜡为蓄热材料,对单盘管和双盘管蓄热器进行的蓄、放热实验研究。结果表明：在类似的实验条件下,双盘管蓄热器增加了７０％传热面积,可以将一个蓄／放热循环的时间减少到大约为单盘管蓄热器的１／３。     

管外冷凝强化换热管的结构及发展趋势

介绍了各种类型的管外冷凝强化换热管,分析了其强化机理及结构特点,并总结得出:管外冷凝强化管的换热系数与管型有关,且各管型的结构参数对强化传热具有重要的作用.对国内外管外冷凝强化技术研究工作进行分析,结果表明,目前管外冷凝强化换热管的研究主要集中于翅片形状、翅片密度、翅片高度等结构参数对换热性能的影响.强化换热管的冷凝传热性能不仅与翅片结构参数有关,而且也与管材的表面特性和导热系数有关.管外冷凝强化换热管的研究重点是开发新型三维结构翅片的双侧强化管并研究其传热关联式,以及研究不锈钢等低成本材料制造的强化管换热管的传热性能和强化结构的优化.     

迪恩涡强化传热技术的初步实验研究

对迪恩涡的强化传热作用进行了初步的实验研究,发现在迪恩涡的作用下,90°弯管的传热系数明显高于直管;弯管的阻力损失在层流区略高于直管,但是在过渡区之后便开始低于直管的阻力损失。迪恩涡强化传热技术在提高传热系数、降低阻力损失方面有着极大的潜力,是一种节能的强化传热技术。     

Heat transfer enhancement by crossflow‐induced vibration

A new method of heat transfer enhancement by water crossflow‐induced vibration is presented. A heat transfer element which involves elastic tube bundles has been designed. This system has excellent response characteristics of vibration to the crossflow. A triangular pole device for producing pulsating flow was adopted. This device can induce vibration in a fixed range of frequencies and has a profound influence on heat transfer augmentation. For the constant heat flux boundary condition, experiments are carried out on the heat transfer characteristics of elastic tube bundles augmented by flow‐induced vibration in a water crossflow. Compared with static tube bundles, the out‐tube average convective heat transfer coefficients of the elastic tube bundles are increased by 100–150% under the condition of crossflow‐induced vibration. Dimensionless equations describing the outside heat transfer coefficient for the elastic tube bundles were acquired. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 33(4): 211–218, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20012     

矩形管内纵向涡强化传热研究

将纵向涡强化换热技术应用于矩形管槽,研究以水为换热介质在过渡流状态下的换热效果。实验结果表明有纵向涡发生器的换热效果明显优于无纵向涡发生器的情况。利用PHEON ICS计算软件对实验进行数值模拟,模拟值与实验值符合较好。在此基础上,改变纵向涡的翼高和形状来模拟,发现两者均为换热影响的因素,相比之下,高宽比为0.4纵向涡发生器的换热效果比高宽比为0.5和0.6的要好。而采用相同高宽的矩形翼时,N u高于三角翼,但其换热性能指标却低于直角三角翼。     

Study on enhancement of condensation heat transfer using an electric field

Enhancement of condensation heat transfer using a nonuniform electric field was experimentally investigated for horizontal smooth and low‐finned tubes. In the experiments, a wire electrode parallel to the tube was placed beneath the tube. The experimental parameters were the distance and voltage between the wire electrode and the tube, and the condensation heat flux. Results of the present experiment for the low‐finned tube indicate that, as the applied voltage increases, the enhancement ratio increases steeply at a certain voltage and it reaches 2.4. It was observed that the condensate flow pattern falling down from the bottom of the tube changed from a flat film to circular columns at a critical voltage. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 29(4): 269–279, 2000     

Interfacial suction effects of a porous layer on filmwise condensation heat transfer enhancement

Considering the liquid transverse suction effect at the porous layer interface, a mathematical model was presented to investigate the influence of the porous layer characteristic parameters on condensation heat transfer. The results revealed that the enhancement ratio increased with the increase of the porous layer thickness and permeability. The effective thermal conductivity of the porous layer was, however, of little significance for condensation heat transfer enhancement. Also, the enhancement mechanism was analyzed by comparing the thermal resistances within the external condensate film and the porous layer. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 31(7): 568–577, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.10058     

Heat transfer enhancement of free convection from a heated horizontal plate

A device was developed to enhance heat transfer from heated horizontal plates. The device consists of six straight gutters with slits at the center for the introduction of air. Heat transfer coefficients were measured for several device heights above the heated surface. A height of about 10 mm was found to give rise to the highest heat transfer coefficients. In this case heat transfer rates were 1.2 to 1.4 times larger than those for smooth plates. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 26 (1): 30–38, 1997     

Heat transfer enhancement of turbulent natural convection adjacent to a vertical heated plate

Enhancement of heat transfer was investigated experimentally on natural convection adjacent to a vertical heated plate. In order to promote heat transfer from the heated plate, a V-shaped promoter of which the edge faced upstream was attached onto the surface of the vertical plate. The promoter redirects high-temperature fluids toward both sides of the promoter and also introduces low-temperature ambient fluids behind the promoter. These two mechanisms enhance heat transfer, in particular, in the region behind the promoter. Local heat transfer coefficients around the promoter were measured using water as the test fluid. These coefficients behind the promoter reached 2.5 times of those without the promoter. The optimal heights and attack angles of the promoter that maximize the heat transfer were also studied experimentally. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res. 25(1): 39–50, 1996     

多管程微通道冷凝器热力性能计算方法

多管程平行流微通道冷凝器的管程设计方案对换热器管内热力性能影响较大。但目前一直尚未有对其管内换热系数和压降进行理论预测的较为简单可行方法。本文针对各管程工质流量可变,平均干度可变的多管程平行流冷凝器管内热力参数提出一种分程计算方法：在假设管壁温度不变及同管程内流量均匀分配的前提下,采用了Koyama与Wang冷凝换热模型,以及Zhang和Koyama提出的摩擦压降模型,建立了壁温与热流量之间的关系式,通过迭代求得管内平均换热系数和压降的理论值。以一个商用R134a、流程分配为12-8-8-6微通道冷凝器作为示例,用理论和实验方法分别得到了其管内冷凝平均换热系数和压降。结果表明,二者的偏差均落在30%以内。其中Koyama和Zhang 提出的模型预测偏差较小,分别为-4.96%~11.31%,0.42%~25.14%。     

循环流态化自动清洗式换热器的传热强化

液-固流态化传热强化的机理尚未完全清楚,已有文献对流态化粒子的粒度与传热系数的影响关系有较大分歧。从传热强化角度对水-沙流态化自动清洗的运行参数进行优化试验研究,得到的结果是:沙子粒度不是愈细愈好,而是D p 2mm(8目)左右为好;粒子体积分数以2.4%比较好;流速在0.2~0.28 m/s(R e为6 000~9 000)较好。虽然粒子体积分数低,但是在优化条件下的流态化传热强化幅度几乎可以达到一倍左右,并且阻力又很低。     

Experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement using impingement of multiple water jets

The problem of cooling electronic components has become a subject of special interest in recent years due to the increasing capacity and rapidly decreasing size of electronic components. Direct contact cooling using multiple jet impingement is considered the most effective method. The heat transfer problem is complex and a better understanding of the jet impingement method is essential for the proper application of this method for electronic cooling. Investigations were carried out using an electrically heated test plate. Heat flux in the range of 25 to $200 \ \hbox{W/cm}^{2}$ , which is a typical requirement for cooling high power electronic components was dissipated using 0.5‐mm diameter water jets arranged in a 7×7 array with a pitch of 3 mm. Temperature difference between the test plate and water was within $30 \ ^{\circ}\hbox{C}$ . Tests were performed in the flow rate range of 22 to 40 ml/min, resulting in a Reynolds number range of 1100 to 1750. Results show a significant increase in the heat transfer coefficient or Nusselt number with an increase in heat flux. The effect of the flow rate or Reynolds number on the heat transfer coefficient is found to be negligible. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20291