金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性评估

 为更加高效地评价自愈式高储能密度金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性水平,提出了一种基于步降加速退化试验的金属化膜脉冲电容器可靠性评估算法。对步降加速退化试验进行了阐述,深入探讨了可靠性评估中的关键步骤——试验数据折算过程。在此基础上,提出了基于伪失效寿命的步降加速退化可靠性评估算法和基于随机退化轨迹的步降加速退化可靠性评估算法,最后利用具体实例对该方法的有效性进行了验证。结果表明,与现有方法相比,该方法在保证评估精度的基础上,试验时间可以缩短45%。     

基于贝叶斯的智能电能表可靠性评估方法

针对具有高可靠、长寿命特点的智能电能表,应用加速退化试验方法进行可靠性评估是一种有效的方法。开展加速退化试验过程中,在高加速应力激发下,一方面可观测到智能电能表的性能退化,也可能出现智能电能表的整表失效。如何融合智能电能表加速寿命试验过程中的整表失效数据、性能退化数据转化得到的伪寿命数据,从而进行智能电能表的综合可靠性评估,是智能电能表可靠性评估急需解决的问题。本文研究提出基于贝叶斯方法的智能电能表可靠性评估方法,给出融合智能电能表的整表失效数据、伪寿命数据的数据处理方法及计算模型,探讨了伪失效数据计算方法、整表失效数据与伪失效寿命数据相容性检验方法等。     

基于加速退化数据的金属化膜脉冲电容器可靠性分析

 基于金属化膜脉冲电容器的失效机理，研究了基于加速退化数据的金属化膜脉冲电容器可靠性评估问题，给出了一个该型电容器的加速退化失效模型和参数统计推断方法。基于试验数据可求得该型电容器可靠性模型中未知参数的估计值分别为9.066 9×10^{-8sup>和0.022 1，将该值代入失效分布函数即可确定电容器的失效模型，由此模型求得该型电容器充放电20 000次的可靠度为0.972 4。使用这种分析方式对金属化膜脉冲电容器进行可靠性分析将更能节省试验时间和费用。}     

大功率发光二极管可靠性和寿命评价试验方法

介绍了发光二极管（LED）的发展简史。提出可能影响LED可靠性的几种因素,主要有封装中的散热问题和LED本身材料缺陷。对于LED可靠性,主要方法是通过测试其寿命来分析其可靠性,一般采取加速实验的方法来测试推导LED寿命。介绍了根据加速应力(主要分为单一加速应力和复合加速应力2种)评价LED寿命的测试方法。在不同加速试验应力条件下测试了大功率LED可靠性,并建立了LED寿命的几种数学模型。最后根据具体实例,通过选择加速应力和试验方法,给出具体推导LED寿命的数学公式。     

基于Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验的LED可靠性评估

提出一种对光参量呈非单调下降规律的LED灯珠可靠性进行评价的方法.采用加速寿命实验获得光通量退化数据,利用指数叠加形式的退化模型对光通维持率退化数据进行拟合,与指数模型拟合效果相比,该模型具有更好的效果.用MATLAB软件计算样品的伪失效寿命,通过KolmogorovSmirnov检验法得到两个公司样本伪失效寿命分布分别服从对数正态分布和威布尔分布,以相应分布参量评估产品可靠性得到两个公司样本的伪失效寿命分别为5 328.37h和4 758.35h.该方法对参量呈非单调下降规律的LED器件可靠性的评估具有参考价值.     

功率高压LED模组在不同应力下的老化实验

对LED进行应力加速老化实验及分析可以对器件可靠性做出最快、最有效的评估。本文将相同的6V高压功率白光LED分为两组,一组施加180 m A电流应力和85℃温度应力进行高温老化实验,另一组施加180 m A电流应力、85℃高温和85%相对湿度进行高温高湿老化实验。在老化过程中,测试了LED光电参数随老化时间的变化规律。实验结果表明:高温大电流应力下的样品的光退化幅度为0.9%~3.4%,高温高湿大电流应力下的样品的光退化幅度为25.4%~27.8%,高温高湿下样品的老化程度远高于高温老化下样品的老化程度,湿度对LED可靠性有显著的影响。退化的原因包括荧光粉的退化和器件内部欧姆接触退化等。     

序进应力在线加速退化模型研究

针对线下参数退化模型由于温度冲击而引入误差的问题,基于在线序进应力加速退化实验,建立了在线参数退化模型,提高了以参数变化为计算基础的参数退化模型的准确性.并以3CG120型高频晶体管为例,在150–230 ℃范围内进行了在线序进应力加速实验.利用建立的在线参数退化模型,得到3CG120型高频晶体管的寿命误差为6.5%,比线下参数退化模型的误差(23.2%)要小. 关键词： 序进应力加速实验 参数退化 在线测量     

加速退化试验下金属化膜脉冲电容器可靠性评估

 分析了金属化膜脉冲电容器的失效机理。根据金属化膜脉冲电容器加速退化数据,研究了其可靠性评价问题。基于疲劳失效的Birnbaum-Saunders模型,建立电容器失效分布函数。根据试验数据可求得该型电容器可靠性模型中参数估计值,并将该值代入失效分布函数即可确定电容器的失效模型,求得该型电容器充放电20 000次的可靠度为0.972 4。使用这种分析方式对金属化膜脉冲电容器进行可靠性分析将更能节省试验时间和费用。     

基于反应动力学的GaN LED参数退化模型的研究

加速实验中, 参数退化模型描述了参数的退化规律, 参数退化规律对应于器件退化机理, 而退化机理又对应于内部的物理化学反应. 因此, 本文基于反应动力学中物理化学反应的温度效应速率模型及反应量浓度随时间的变化规律, 研究并建立了GaN LED参数退化模型. 本模型尝试从物理机理上解释参数退化过程中的退化规律, 包括单调上升或单调下降退化规律、先上升后下降或先下降后上升等非单调退化规律, 解决了实验后拟合方法不能建立非单调退化模型的问题. 然后对GaN LED进行加速实验, 确定模型参数. 同时对GaN LED的退化规律进行分解, 并且量化了GaN LED两种退化规律的退化比例及时间常数. 关键词： 参数退化模型 反应动力学 加速实验 GaN LED     

基于性能退化数据的超辐射发光二极管可靠性评估研究

作为光纤陀螺仪中的关键元件与薄弱环节,超辐射发光二极管(SLD)的可靠性在很大程度上决定了光纤陀螺仪的可靠性。针对其长寿命特点,研究了基于性能退化数据的可靠性评估方法。在对SLD失效机理分析的基础上,提出用正态-沣泊松复合随机过程模型对产品在环境应力作用下的退化特性进行建模,基于所得模型,由SLD的性能退化信息估计模型中的参数进而评估得到SLD可靠性指标。克服了传统可靠性分析方法依赖寿命数据的缺点,能够在没有寿命数据的情况下评估得到SLD的可靠性指标,从而节约大量的试验经费和时间。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.