子宫动脉栓塞治疗产后大出血的临床应用

目的评价应用子宫动脉栓塞手术治疗产后大出血的临床应用价值。方法26例产后大出血患者行子宫动脉栓塞手术,超选择插管进入双侧子宫动脉及侧支供血血管,造影证实后,注入明胶海绵颗粒予以栓塞,重复造影,证实栓塞成功。结果26例患者共栓塞子宫动脉51支,侧支供血血管3支,全部栓塞成功,21例患者术后即时止血,5例患者出血逐渐停止,无一例出血复发,无一例严重并发症发证。结论子宫动脉栓塞手术治疗产后大出血,即时、准确,疗效高,创伤小,恢复快,并发症少,保留了子宫、卵巢正常的生理功能,有利于患者的身心健康,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

单侧股动脉插管及单用5-F导管行双侧子宫动脉栓塞

材料及方法　从 1994.7～ 1997.11月 ,我们研究所共对197例患者 (年龄 2 8～ 79岁 ,平均 38.3岁 )进行了子宫动脉的选择性血管造影及双侧栓塞。此项治疗的适应症有 :平滑肌瘤、子宫内膜异位症以及产后、流产后、手术后出血 ,此外还有与盆腔肿瘤及血管畸形有关的出血。有关此操作的优越性及危险性已经向患者或她的家属解释清楚并取得书面同意。所有操作均经单侧股动脉插管 (右侧 189例 ,左侧 8例 )。先于对侧髂内动脉行血管造影以确定子宫动脉发出部位。然后以 5 - F导管和 0 .0 32英寸导丝超选择至子宫动脉。当透视下观察到对侧子宫动脉已…     

超选择子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤

目的探讨超选择子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的方法及疗效.方法子宫肌瘤65例采用Seldinger技术经皮股动脉插管至双侧髂内动脉,造影了解肿瘤的血供来源后,超选至两侧子宫动脉,缓慢注入平阳霉素碘油乳剂或PVA微粒栓塞治疗.结果患者症状缓解率为93.2%,月经增多,痛经,尿频、尿急,贫血等1-3个月内恢复正常.并发症:除栓塞综合征外,可见阴道不规则流血,腰腿痛,可自行恢复.治疗后3-6个月肌瘤缩小率在30%-68%之间.中短期疗效较稳定,末见复发.治疗前后性激素水平变化无明显差异.结论子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤操作简单安全,疗效好.超选择子宫动脉插管其分支栓塞,并发症少,具有较大的临床应用价值.     

术前选择性靶动脉栓塞在骨盆巨大肿瘤治疗中的应用

目的:探讨术前选择性靶动脉栓塞在骨盆肿瘤治疗中的应用效果。方法:本组17例,均为发生于骨盆的巨大肿瘤,术前24h内行肿瘤血管造影并行靶供血动脉栓塞。结果:术中出血量明显减少,平均1450ml,视野清晰,骨盆肿瘤完整切除。结论:选择性靶动脉栓塞在骨盆肿瘤治疗中能有效减少术中出血,有利于手术的顺利进行,并减少术后并发症。     

动脉灌注与栓塞治疗中晚期大肠癌的临床研究

目的　研究和探讨动脉灌注与栓塞治疗中晚期大肠癌的价值。方法　26例中晚期大肠癌,按Seldinger法进行血管造影了解肿瘤血供后,超选择性插管至肿瘤供血动脉进行灌注与栓塞治疗。结果　灌注栓塞术后病人症状改善。所有病灶均有不同程度的缩小,不完全梗阻症状消失,近期疗效明显。结论　采用动脉灌注化疗与栓塞是治疗中晚期大肠癌的一种有效方法,特别是对已有肝转移的病例;同时行转移瘤的介入治疗具有重要价值。     

经皮双髂内动脉栓塞术治疗产后大出血12例观察

目的探讨经皮双髂内动脉栓塞术在产后大出血治疗中的意义。方法对12例产后大出血经保守治疗无效者行经皮双髂内动脉栓塞术。结果均于栓塞术后阴道出血立即停止或明显减少。结论经皮双髂内动脉栓塞术是目前治疗难治性产后出血的一种好方法。     

选择性动脉造影及介入治疗对非静脉曲张性消化道出血的诊疗价值

目的探讨选择性动脉造影(DSA)诊断和介入治疗在非静脉曲张性消化道出血中的应用价值。方法对94例非静脉曲张性消化道出血患者行选择性血管造影,术中根据不同出血原因和部位分别采用动脉栓塞和/或缩血管药物灌注治疗。结果DSA检查阳性58例(61.7%),其中13例患者造影前曾行核素扫描,有阳性发现11例(84.6%)。42例非静脉曲张性消化道出血患者获得介入治疗,其中34例行栓塞,止血率为91.2%,复发率为8.8%;动脉灌注血管加压素治疗8例,止血率为75.0%,复发率为25.0%。所有介入治疗患者均未发生肠坏死等严重并发症。结论选择性动脉造影对不明原因的非静脉曲张性消化道出血的诊断有重要价值。99Tcm-红细胞核素扫描发现出血灶较选择性动脉造影敏感,但定位诊断较差。动脉血管加压素灌注和栓塞治疗是安全、有效的止血措施。     

骨盆骨折大出血的急诊动脉栓塞治疗

目的探讨急诊应用动脉栓塞术治疗骨盆骨折大出血的临床疗效及方法。方法15例骨盆骨折大出血患者,其中男性9例,女性6例;年龄15-59岁,平均年龄36岁。接诊时处于失血性休克状态,3例由急诊科直接送导管室,12例保守治疗2.0-12.0h,血压不稳定或持续下降而行急诊动脉栓塞术,选择性或超选择性髂内动脉或分支栓塞。栓塞剂取明胶海绵。结果15例栓塞全部成功,立刻止血,血压上升或稳定。结论急诊应用髂内动脉栓塞术治疗骨盆骨折大出血,是一种行之有效、立竿见影的急救止血手段。     

子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的护理

目的探讨双侧子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的护理方法。方法采用Seldinger技术作选择性子宫动脉栓塞治疗196例子宫肌瘤病人,经股动脉穿刺分别入双侧子宫动脉,经导管注入平阳霉素碘油乳剂和明胶海绵颗粒,阻断其血供,并加强临床护理。结果196例子宫肌瘤介入治疗均顺利完成。术后1~3月随防,188例月经量减少或恢复正常,B超显示肌瘤缩小并与术前对比,肌瘤体积平均缩小45%~62%;8例症状无明显改善,行妇科手术切除。10例未孕者有4例怀孕生子。结论子宫动脉栓塞术是治疗子宫肌瘤安全、可靠、有效的方法。选择性双侧子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤,疗效确切,创伤小,是治疗子宫肌瘤的新途径。充分的术前准备、密切的术中配合、及术后并发症的严密观察是护理的主要环节。心理护理贯穿整个护理过程。     

选择性动脉栓塞术在脊柱肿瘤切除术中的应用

目的探讨脊柱肿瘤切除术前超选择供血动脉栓塞的应用价值。方法收集2009年1月至2015年9月我院收治的脊柱肿瘤患者65例,术前应用Seldinger技术经股动脉先行造影及超选择供血动脉栓塞,记录栓塞效果、术中出血量。结果 62例造影显示病变椎体明显染色,均可见肿瘤供血动脉,3例造影未显示明显的肿瘤供血动脉,肿瘤无明显染色征象,随即放弃栓塞,造影检查供血动脉阳性率约95.3%(62/65),其中1例栓塞插管不成功,其余61例均栓塞成功,栓塞后成功实施病灶完整切除,术中出血量500~3 000 mL,平均(1 400.65±230.62)mL。结论超选择供血动脉栓塞术可减少脊柱肿瘤切除术中出血,降低脊柱肿瘤切除术中风险,增加了彻底切除肿瘤的可能性,是有效的术前干预方法。     

Branching patterns of the male internal iliac artery: imaging findings

The aim of this study was to establish the imaging findings of the main branching patterns of the male internal iliac arteries, using different imaging modalities (angio MR, angio CT and digital angiography). Twenty-one males (mean age 73.2 years) underwent imaging evaluation with angio MR, angio CT and digital angiography to define the internal iliac artery anatomy before selective embolization of the pelvic arteries. All three modalities were used in 3 patients, angio MR and digital angiography in 17 patients, angio CT and digital angiography in 6 patients and only angio CT in 1 patient. Internal iliac arteries were classified into four groups using the Yamaki classification (modified from the Adachi’s classification). Twenty-six pelvic sides were classified as Group A (61.9%), 13 as Group B (31%) and 3 as Group C (7.1%) with no cases of Group D found. Angio MR, angio CT and digital angiography were able to detect most branches of the internal iliac artery. Group A was the most frequent internal iliac artery branching pattern. Angio CT showed better detailed anatomy than angio MR and digital angiography was considered the gold-standard. Non-invasive vascular imaging with angio MR or angio CT is essential before invasive interventions, allowing better planning of the procedure.     

卵巢和子宫恶性肿瘤患者染色体研究

目的：探讨卵巢子宫恶性肿瘤患者外周血染色体、腹水和实体瘤组织染色体改变与肿瘤临床分期愈后关系。结果：２０例恶性卵巢肿瘤和１０例子宫肿瘤外周血染色体分析,１９例有染色体数目畸变,有超二倍体及异倍体,发生率１９／２７;相应组织类型的良性肿瘤３０例,只有３例出现染色体数目数畸变。实验组染色体数目畸变率明显高于对照组。Ｐ〈０．０１。有染色体数目畸变的恶性肿瘤患者,无论临床转移或病理分级恶性程度都较高。     

选择性髂内动脉插管灌注对盆腔恶性肿瘤介入性治疗的手术研究与探索

本文旨在探讨盆腔恶性肿瘤的介入性治疗问题。对45例患有盆腔恶性肿瘤的患者,采用Seldinger法,经双侧股动脉插管,先端选择性导入对侧髂内动脉;或一侧导入肠系膜下动脉,另侧导入髂内动脉,留置导管12小时,使用突击剂量持续灌注化疗药物。并经手术、B超、CT、内窥镜及指检等方法进行化疗前后的对比观察。结果:其中病灶消失持续1个月以上者9例、病灶缩小50％以上并持续超过一个月者23例、缩小不足50％且增大未达25％者9例、增大超过25％以上者4例,总有效率为71.1％。10例患者出现了脱发及皮肤色素沉着,1例患者出现下肢动脉栓塞,10例出现了不同程度的消化道反应等。结论:本法损伤小,操作简便安全,可多次重复术式:选择性强,药效持久均衡且毒副作用小;可提高手术切除率,也为不能手术的癌肿提供一种较理想的治疗手段。     

Multicentric infarcted leiomyoadenomatoid tumor: a case report

Adenomatoid tumor is a benign, usually small lesion that may be found within the wall of fallopian tubes or beneath the uterine serosa near the uterine cornu. It is often accompanied by smooth muscle hypertrophy that may obscure the adenomatoid tumor. We herein report a very unusual case of infarcted leiomyoadenomatoid tumor of the uterus and ovary in a 24-year-old woman who presented with severe lower abdominal pain and masses in the uterus and right ovary. Pelvic ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a 5 cm mass in the myometrium and a 4 cm mass in the right ovary. Laparoscopy-assisted transvaginal mass removal was performed under the clinical impression of a uterine leiomyoma and benign ovarian teratoma. On a microscopic examination, prominent fascicles of smooth muscle separated or infiltrated by cuboidal or signet ring-like vacuolated cells, as well as tubular formations lined by flattened mesothelial cells and extensive necrosis were observed in both masses. The microscopic appearance often suggested the possibility of a malignant neoplasm due to irregular pseudoinfiltration with atypical cuboidal cells and the paucity of a typical adenomatoid tumor due to infarction, and the presence of epithelial-appearing cells in the hypertrophic smooth muscle bundles that mimicked an infiltrating carcinoma for a leiomyoma or myometrium. These unemphasized features of leiomyoadenomatoid tumors may potentially lead to more aggressive therapy than warranted if not correctly interpreted, especially for infarcted cases.     

Malignant mixed Müllerian tumor (homologous type) of the adnexa with neuroendocrine differentiation: a case report.

Malignant mixed müllerian tumors (MMMT) are unusual neoplasms occurring mostly in the uterus. In the ovary, they are very rare and represent fewer than 1% of all ovarian malignancies; in the salpinx, they are even rarer than those of the ovary. We report a carcinosarcoma of the left adnexa having features of neuroendocrine differentiation in a 69-year-old female. The tumor contained both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma having dear cell change admixed with an undifferentiated malignant mesenchymal component. The sarcoma components consisted of spindle cells, small-round cells and bizarre giant cells mimicking rhabdomyoblast. Almost all of the carcinomatous glandular components and some foci of the squamous cell and undifferentiated carcinomatous components were focal positive for S-100 protein, chromogranin, neuron specific enolase, synaptophysin and Leu-7. Electron microscopy revealed membrane-bound neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasm of some glandular epithelial cells. Histologically, the tumor involved the left adnexa, abdominal peritoneum, surface of the bladder dome, omentum and left external iliac lymph node (stage IIIc).     

盆环原发恶性肿瘤的切除与生物学重建

目的:探讨骨盆环恶性肿瘤的切除、重建方式与并发症的处理 .方法:手术治疗骨盆环原发恶性或低度恶性肿瘤5例,其中骶骨恶性畸胎瘤2例、脊索瘤1例,髂骨骨肉瘤1例、恶性骨软骨瘤1例.所有患者术前未行动脉栓塞、结扎髂内血管.髂骨翼肿瘤采用自体髂骨、髋臼肿瘤采用异体骨重建骨盆环、自体股骨头重建髋臼骨床 人工全髋关节置换术.结果:5例肿瘤均行根治性切除,3例骶骨肿瘤术中出血量150～800 mL,术后出血300～1 000 mL,1例切口感染,1例术后出现失血性休克.髂骨翼肿瘤和髋臼周围肿瘤术中出血量分别为1 000 mL和4 000 mL,术后分别为800 mL和1 100 mL.髂骨肿瘤切除与重建患者2月后恢复关节功能,髋臼肿瘤切除与重建患者6月后恢复功能,4例患者术后随访4～24个月,生存良好.结论:骨盆环恶性肿瘤的外科手术治疗关键是完整的手术切除,包膜外切除可以减少出血、预防复发,影响骨盆环稳定时应考虑重建,自体、异体骨移植能够恢复髋臼周围骨量、维持骨盆环生物学稳定.     

Complex karyotypic aberrations, including i(12p), in malignant mixed mullerian tumor of uterus.

We report the cytogenetic findings in a malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the uterus in a 59-year-old woman. Karyotypic analysis of short-term cultures revealed two abnormal clones of cells characterized by extensive structural and numerical rearrangements. An i(12p) maker chromosome was present in addition to other changes in both clones. This marker, characteristically associated with testicular germ cell tumors in males, has recently been reported in ovarian germ cell tumors, a mediastinal germ cell tumor and in a mixed mullerian tumor of the ovary.     

大隐静脉重建颈动脉在头颈部恶性肿瘤手术治疗中的应用

目的 探讨大隐静脉在颈动脉重建手术中的应用以及对恶性肿瘤侵犯颈动脉的患者行颈动脉重建手术的临床疗效和安全性。方法 回顾性研究。纳入中国医学科学院肿瘤医院头颈外科2017年11月-2019年9月18例行肿瘤切除颈动脉重建的恶性肿瘤患者,其中男10例、女8例,年龄47～72(58.8±6.6)岁;甲状腺乳头状癌11例,头颈部鳞癌7例,其中5名患者在术前接受过放射治疗。完成综合术前检查后,术中完整切除肿物及受侵的部分颈动脉,并以自体大隐静脉重建颈动脉。观察患者术前颈部超声及颈部CT提示肿瘤包绕角度、下肢静脉超声所提示的大隐静脉情况及距汇入股静脉远心端5 cm处内径,手术时间、术中出血量、移植大隐静脉侧别、供体大隐静脉长度、术中颈动脉阻断时间、肿瘤包绕颈动脉角度、受体颈动脉吻合处内径,术后病理组织学检查结果、患者住院时间、重建血管的通畅情况、有无出现神经系统及下肢供区并发症,随访期间有无局部复发及远处转移病例。结果 术前超声探查及颈部CT示,18例患者大隐静脉在距汇入股静脉远心端5 cm处内径(0.53±0.14)cm;颈部CT扫描见肿瘤对颈动脉的包绕角度均超过180°,其中超过270° 15例、全部包绕颈动脉9例。术中大隐静脉取材长度(7.3±1.1)cm,取用左侧大隐静脉9例、右侧大隐静脉9例。颈动脉近心端吻合处均为颈总动脉,内径(0.74±0.06)cm;远心端吻合处位于颈总动脉14例,颈内动脉4例,内径(0.71±0.17)cm。术中颈动脉阻断时间(640±117)s。术中观察颈动脉受侵角度190°～360°(317°±56°),与术前影像学检查一致。18例患者手术时间4～6 h,术中出血200～500 mL,住院时间7～28 d(平均13.13 d)。术后病理提示侵犯颈动脉血管壁组织13例。术后随访时间3～24个月,平均11.06个月。18例中,死亡2例、局部复发1例,余15例无瘤生存;术后颈动脉CT血管成像示重建血管均通畅,未见移植血管破裂、感染、狭窄及假性动脉瘤形成,供区下肢均未见水肿、跛行等血液循环障碍并发症。结论 在头颈部肿瘤患者的颈动脉重建手术中,大隐静脉具有易于取材、移植物感染率低等优势,同时该手术能在低神经系统并发症风险下安全、完整地切除肿瘤,值得推广应用。     

The systemic arterial pattern of the guinea pig: The pelvis and pelvic limb

The systemic arterial pattern of 59 guinea pigs was examined by dissection, angiography, or corrosion casting. The blood supply to the pelvis and the pelvic limbs arises as two terminal branches of the aorta, the right and left common iliac arteries, and each of these divides into external and internal iliac arteries. Their pattern of distribution resembles a typical mammalian pattern. The external iliac artery passes through the body wall to supply the pelvic limb and the internal iliac artery is distributed primarily to the pelvic region and its viscera.     

输卵管的淋巴流向

用多色淋巴管间接注射方法，对３２例６４侧女性新生儿及婴儿输卵管的淋巴向及输卵管和卵巢淋巴管间的联系进行了观察。