基于RBF神经网络的自适应反演大机动飞行控制器设计

针对飞行器在大机动飞行过程中气动参数不确定、外部未知干扰因素较多及系统建模可能存在误差等问题,设计了一种基于RBF神经网络的非线性自适应反演控制器。飞行器大机动飞行过程中的广义不确定性由RBF神经网络在线逼近,神经网络权值矩阵通过自适应律在线更新。反演设计过程中对虚拟控制律的反复求导带来的"项数膨胀"问题,通过引入一阶滤波器来解决。通过构造Lyapunov函数,证明了闭环系统所有信号均有界,并且跟踪误差指数收敛到零的一个小邻域内。对某飞行器进行了大机动飞行仿真,结果表明该控制器具有良好的跟踪效果和鲁棒性。     

四旋翼飞行器的RBF网络自适应滑模控制

针对带有不确定性的四旋翼飞行器系统,提出一种滑模控制和神经网络自适应相结合的混合控制方法。该方法在滑模控制的基础上,考虑到实际系统中通常存在建模不精确、参数未知等不确定性,构造RBF神经网络在线逼近系统模型的未知函数,采用Lyapunov方法设计自适应律在线估计神经网络权值和模型未知参数,并通过Lyapunov定理验证了系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明,该方法相对于RBF神经网络的自适应PID控制,具有更短的调节时间、更小的超调量和更好的抗干扰能力,同时在模型参数发生变化的情况下,该控制器的鲁棒性能更强。     

基于神经网络仿射非线性系统滑模自适应控制

研究了一类单输入单输出仿射非线性系统的自适应控制问题.采用反馈线性化方法设计控制器,用神经网络逼近系统中的未知非线性函数,并在神经网络权值的自适应律中引入权值误差的概念,以改善系统的动态性能.同时采用滑模控制方法设计补偿器,提高了系统的鲁棒性.理论分析及仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器,不仅能解决该系统的轨迹跟踪控制问题,...     

基于神经网络的导弹变结构制导律

导弹的打击精度容易受干扰的影响.针对这些未知干扰的存在,利用RBF神经网络具有自学习的能力,并结合变结构控制方法的鲁棒性,提出了一种基于RBF神经网络的滑模变结构控制的导弹制导律.利用RBF神经网络对干扰进行在线估计,克服了未知干扰对制导精度的不利影响,并且分析了闭环系统的稳定性.仿真结果表明,RBF神经网络能够很好地估计出干扰,所设计的制导律能够不受干扰的影响,从而快速精确地打击到目标,验证了该制导律的有效性和鲁棒性.     

空空导弹的神经网络自适应终端滑模末制导律

主要研究空空导弹的末制导问题。简单研究了三维比例导引律,基于Terminal滑模控制方法提出一种新型的三维末制导律,并分析了它的不足,在此基础上进行改进,从而提出基于RBF神经网络的自适应快速终端滑模(AFTSM)制导律。该制导律在非线性系统的精确模型未知的情况下,通过RBF神经网络对非线性模型进行逼近,并根据Lyapunov方法设计了参数自适应律。最后对所研究的导引律在目标机动情况下进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明,该制导律与比例制导相比有较大的性能改善。     

具有外部扰动的非线性多智能体系统的自适应控制分析

阐述在未知扰动下含有未知量的非线性多智能体系统控制问题。提出了一种分布式设计,可实现在加权有向图拓扑下的多智能体系统一致性跟踪控制。每个智能体由有未知量的严格反馈非线性系统建模,并包含外部干扰。通过backstepping技术和神经网络的方法,在只需要自己和相邻智能体之间的相对状态信息的情况下,为每个从智能体构造自适应分布式控制器。设计的控制器和自适应控制率可保证领航者与所有跟随器之间的跟踪误差收敛到原点的一个小邻域。运用Radial Basis Function(RBF)神经网络用于逼近未知的非线性函数,并设计了一个非线性扰动观测器用于估计未知的外部扰动。采用Nussbaum函数来处理模型中未知符号的参数,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

无人机编队自适应鲁棒控制

针对固定翼无人机编队飞行过程中的参数摄动和不确定性问题,设计了一种领导—跟随编队自适应鲁棒控制方法。首先建立了领导—跟随编队模型和无人机运动模型,并对不连续投影自适应律的性质进行证明;然后设计内环鲁棒控制律对编队外环控制产生的指令信号进行跟踪,在鲁棒控制律的设计过程中,引入参数自适应律对参数摄动进行在线估计,设计自适应干扰观测器对不确定性进行观测和补偿,并选取李雅普诺夫函数进行了稳定性分析;最后仿真表明所设计方法能够有效实现无人机编队鲁棒控制。     

基于动态规划的无人机编队最优协同容错控制

为了克服未知的执行器故障对四旋翼无人机编队飞行的影响,提出了一种基于动态规划的最优协同容错控制律。首先,建立了四旋翼无人机模型,然后,基于动态规划设计了最优协同控制律,利用RBF神经网络逼近最优性能指标函数,设计了自适应律来估计未知的执行器故障,最终得到的最优协同容错控制律可实现对无人机编队飞行的高精度控制。通过对比仿真验证了设计的控制律具有更优的编队控制效果,编队飞行的最大轨迹跟踪误差仅为0.04 m,控制精度较高,设计的自适应律具有更优的故障估计效果,最大估计误差仅为0.05 N·m,实现了对四旋翼无人机编队的安全稳定控制。     

执行器带未知不对称死区的一类仿射非线性系统的 神经网络自适应控制器的设计

 本文针对一类执行器带未知死区的仿射非线性系统,提出了一种新型的神经网络自适应控制器的设计方法,该方法首先引入一个神经网络来估计对象的部分未知非线性动态行为,再基于隐函数定理构造另一个静态神经网络作为新型补偿器以补偿执行器的未知不对称的死区非线性.本文利用Lyapunov理论在给出光滑的控制律的同时严格证明了整个闭环系统的跟踪误差以及各个神经网络权参数的一致最终有界性,而且通过调节设计参数可以使系统的跟踪误差收敛到零附近的一个小邻域内.本文提出的控制方案可以保证对象在线稳定地跟踪任何光滑的目标轨迹,仿真研究表明了此控制方案的可行性和有效性.     

基于改进增量反演法的RLV鲁棒容错控制

针对可重复使用运载器(RLV)再入过程中存在的未知干扰、不确定性以及舵面部分失效(PELF)等问题,基于增量反演法(IBS)和跟踪微分干扰补偿器(TDDC)设计了鲁棒容错控制律.首先,对姿态角回路和角速率回路分别设计增量控制律,并引入误差积分项增强系统的鲁棒性.其次,对于传统增量反演法直接忽略掉的慢变项和泰勒展开高阶项,基于Sigmoid跟踪微分器设计了适用于IBS控制律的干扰补偿器对其进行估计和补偿.最后,仿真结果表明,相比于传统的增量反演法,所设计的控制律指令跟踪精度更高.     

基于DBFNN的推设及其在电力系统励磁控制中的应用

本文采用后推设计算法为一类严格反馈系统设计了基于方向基函数神经网络(DBFNN)的自适应控制器.在后推算法中的每步都引入一积分型的Lyapunov函数来设计一个虚拟控制器,并在最后一步为闭环系统综合设计了神经网络控制器.网络权值的调整基于所选择的Lyapunov函数,于是设计方案能保证整个闭环系统是最终一致有界的.把所设计控制方案用于带有未知参数和外部干扰的电力系统励磁控制中.仿真结果表明了所设计控制器的有效性.     

基于DBFNN的后推设计及其在电力系统励磁控制中的应用

本文采用后推设计算法为一类严格反馈系统设计了基于方向基函数神经网络(DBFNN)的自适应控制器．在后推算法中的每步都引入一积分型的Lyapunov函数来设计一个虚拟控制器，并在最后一步为闭环系统综合设计了神经网络控制器．网络权值的调整基于所选择的Lyapunov函数，于是设计方案能保证整个闭环系统是最终一致有界的．把所设计控制方案用于带有未知参数和外部干扰的电力系统励磁控制中．仿真结果表明了所设计控制器的有效性．     

Neural-network-based adaptive control for induction servomotordrive system

A neural-network-based adaptive control (NNAC) design method is proposed to control an induction servomotor. In this NNAC design, a neural network (NN) controller is investigated to mimic a feedback linearization control law; and a compensation controller is designed to compensate for the approximation error between the feedback linearization control law and the NN controller. The interconnection weights of the NN can be online tuned in the sense of the Lyapunov stability theorem; thus, the stability of the control system can be guaranteed. Additionally, in this NNAC system design, an error estimation mechanism is investigated to estimate the bound of approximation error so that the chattering phenomenon of the control effort can be reduced. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed NNAC servomotor control systems can achieve favorable tracking and robust performance with regard to parameter variations and external load disturbances     

基于自适应反步跟踪的反馈调整稳定性控制算法

当飞机在大回环飞行中,由于受到空气动力学的扰动较大,需要进行飞行姿态稳定性控制,传统方法采用分段线性化控制方法,在大扰动条件下,飞行过程中各段的控制误差不断方法,导致飞行稳定性不好。提出一种基于自适应反步跟踪的飞行器反馈调整稳定性控制算法。构建大回环飞行中的飞行稳定性控制的参量模型系统,考虑外界干扰的情况下,进行飞行器反馈调整稳定性控制目标函数构建,采用自适应反步跟踪方法拟合控制过程的状态误差响应,实现控制器优化设计。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行飞行器的稳定性控制,系统误差受到外界扰动的影响较小,控制器的自适应收敛性较高,展示了较好的应用性能。     

Neural-Network-Based Terminal Sliding-Mode Control of Robotic Manipulators Including Actuator Dynamics

A neural-network-based terminal sliding-mode control (SMC) scheme is proposed for robotic manipulators including actuator dynamics. The proposed terminal SMC (TSMC) alleviates some main drawbacks (such as contradiction between control efforts in the transient and tracking errors in the steady state) in the linear SMC while maintains its robustness to the uncertainties. Moreover, an indirect method is developed to avoid the singularity problem in the initial TSMC. In the proposed control scheme, a radial basis function neural network (NN) is adopted to approximate the nonlinear dynamics of the robotic manipulator. Meanwhile, a robust control term is added to suppress the modeling error and estimate the error of the NN. Finite time convergence and stability of the closed loop system can be guaranteed by Lyapunov theory. Finally, the proposed control scheme is applied to a robotic manipulator. Experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed control scheme by comparing it with other control strategies.      

Robust motion controller design for high-accuracy positioningsystems

This paper presents a controller structure for robust high speed and accuracy motion control systems. The overall control system consists of four elements: a friction compensator; a disturbance observer for the velocity loop; a position loop feedback controller; and a feedforward controller acting on the desired output. A parameter estimation technique coupled with friction compensation is used as the first step in the design process. The friction compensator is based on the experimental friction model and it compensates for unmodeled nonlinear friction. Stability of the closed-loop is provided by the feedback controller. The robust feedback controller based on the disturbance observer compensates for external disturbances and plant uncertainties. Precise tracking is achieved by the zero phase error tracking controller. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate performance improvement obtained by each element in the proposed robust control structure     

Analysis and real-time implementation of a radial-basis-function neural-network compensator for high-performance robot manipulators

System performance of robot manipulators with nonadaptive controllers might degrade significantly in the presence of structured or unstructured uncertainties. In order to improve the system performance, a novel radial-basis-function (RBF) neural-network (NN) compensator is proposed. With the RBF NN compensator introduced, the system errors and the NN weights with large dispersion in the initial NN weights are guaranteed to be bounded in the Lyapunov sense. The NN weights of the RBF NN compensator are adaptively tuned. Several software-based controllers, including the computed-torque control (CTC) and a few RBF NN schemes, are implemented in an industrial manipulator in real time. Experimental results are obtained to demonstrate the relative effectiveness of the proposed controllers in improving the tracking performance of the robot manipulators associated with structured or unstructured uncertainties.     

Robust H/sub /spl infin// controller design with recurrent neural network for linear synchronous motor drive

In this paper, a robust controller design with H/sub /spl infin// performance using a recurrent neural network (RNN) is proposed for the position tracking control of a permanent-magnet linear synchronous motor. The proposed robust H/sub /spl infin// controller, which comprises a RNN and a compensating control, is developed to reduce the influence of parameter variations and external disturbance on system performance. The RNN is adopted to estimate the dynamics of the lumped plant uncertainty, and the compensating controller is used to eliminate the effect of the higher order terms in Taylor series expansion of the minimum approximation error. The tracking performance is ensured in face of parameter variations, external disturbance and RNN estimation error once a prespecified H/sub /spl infin// performance requirement is achieved. The synthesis of the RNN training rules and compensating control are based on the solution of a nonlinear H/sub /spl infin// control problem corresponding to the desired H/sub /spl infin// performance requirement, which is solved via a choice of quadratic storage function. The proposed control method is able to track both the periodic step and sinusoidal commands with improved performance in face of large parameter perturbations and external disturbance.     

Fault Tolerant Control for a Class of Nonlinear Systems with Application to Near Space Vehicle

In this paper, a fault tolerant control (FTC) scheme, which is based on backstepping and neural network (NN) methodology, is proposed for a general class of nonlinear systems with known structure and unknown faults. Firstly, the linearly parameterized radial basis function (RBF) NNs are employed to approximate unknown system faults, and the network weights are adapted using adaptive on-line parameter-learning algorithms. Then an adaptive backstepping based FTC is designed to compensate for the effect of system faults. The asymptotical stability of the closed-loop system and uniform boundedness of the state tracking errors are proved according to Lyapunov theory. Finally, the designed strategy is applied to near space vehicle (NSV) attitude dynamics, and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Identification and Real-Time Control of an Electrohydraulic Servo System Based on Nonlinear Backstepping

This paper studies the identification and the real-time control of an electrohydraulic servo system. The control strategy is based on the nonlinear backstepping approach. Emphasis is essentially on the tuning parameters effect and on how it influences the dynamic behavior of the errors. While the backstepping control ensures the global asymptotic stability of the system, the tuning parameters of the controller, nonetheless, do greatly affect the saturation and chattering in the control signal, and consequently, the dynamic errors. In fact, electrohydraulic systems are known to be highly nonlinear and non-differentiable due to many factors, such as leakage, friction, and especially, the fluid flow expression through the servo valve. These nonlinear terms appear in the closed loop dynamic errors. Their values are so large that in the presence of a poor design, they can easily overwhelm the effect of the controller parameters. Backstepping is used here because it is a powerful and robust nonlinear strategy. The experimental results are compared to those obtained with a real-time proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, to prove that classic linear controllers fail to achieve a good tracking of the desired output, especially, when the hydraulic actuator operates at the maximum load. Before going through the controller design, the system parameters are identified. Despite the nonlinearity of the system, identification is based on the recursive least squares method. This is done by rewriting the mathematical model of the system in a linear in parameters (LP) form. Finally, the experimental results will show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of guaranteed stability and zero tracking error