高铁酸钾/365 nm紫外光对4-氯酚脱氯行为探讨

采用365 nm光助高铁酸钾法对4-氯酚水溶液进行氧化降解,考察了高铁酸钾投加量、溶液pH以及反应时间等因素对4-氯酚的降解效果的影响。结果表明:365 nm光助高铁酸钾对4-氯酚的CODCr降解明显优于单纯的高铁酸盐氧化法,但对脱氯具有抑制作用,在50 mg/L的4-氯酚溶液,在pH为3,高铁酸钾与对氯苯酚的摩尔比为8︰1,反应时间为60 min时,365 nm光助高铁酸钾协同作用下的4-氯酚的CODCr去除率与脱氯率分为90%与55%,比单纯高铁酸钾作用CODCr去除率提高了约10%,脱氯率降低了约7%。     

高铁酸钾氧化处理对氯苯酚废水的研究

采用高铁酸钾氧化法处理难降解的对氯苯酚废水,探讨高铁酸钾与对氯苯酚质量比、氧化反应时间和废水溶液pH值等因素对废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,高铁酸钾与对氯苯酚质量比为20,氧化反应时间30 min,废水溶液pH值为9时,对氯苯酚浓度为100.0 mg/L的模拟废水经过处理,剩余对氯苯酚浓度为4.7 mg/L,对氯苯酚去除率为94.3%。     

高铁酸钾的制备及其去除微污染水中双酚A能力的研究

探讨了次氯酸盐氧化法制备的高纯度高铁酸钾对微污染水中双酚A(BPA)的降解效果以其影响因素。结果表明,采用次氯酸盐氧化法自制的高铁酸钾的质量分数可以稳定在90%以上;在pH为5、7.1和9时,高铁酸钾降解BPA效果较好,降解率分别为95.4%、99.0%和98.5%;BPA降解率与高铁酸钾投加量之间的关系符合Slogistic模型,高铁酸钾的投加量越大,BPA去除率越高,但m(K2FeO4):m(BPA)大于5时,去除率增长缓慢。高铁酸钾去除微污染水中BPA的优化pH在5~9,K2FeO4与BPA的质量浓度比应当控制在5~6,优化反应时间为10 min。     

SiO_3~(2-)作用下Ag~+对K_2FeO_4氧化焦化废水的有效催化

分别以聚合硅酸铝和硝酸银作为高铁酸钾水溶液的稳定剂和对有机污染物的氧化催化剂,研究了高铁酸钾对焦化废水的降解效果。结果表明,当高铁酸钾质量分数为0.10%,聚硅酸铝质量分数为1.5%,Ag~+质量浓度为0.10 mg/L,pH为5.0时,COD去除率可达约80%。同时,对Ag~+促进高铁酸钾氧化的机理进行了探讨,对影响COD去除率的因素进行了分析。     

臭氧氧化法处理硝基苯废水实验研究

采用臭氧氧化法处理硝基苯溶液,考察了反应时间、硝基苯浓度、溶液pH、臭氧流量等因素对硝基苯降解率的影响。研究结果表明：初始浓度200 mg/L时,pH 9.5、臭氧流量为300 mg/h,经30 min后硝基苯去除率达到95.3%以上。硝基苯降解反应符合一级反应动力学。TOC降解速率低于硝基苯分子降解速率,反应30 min后,TOC去除率比硝基苯去除率低45%左右,表明伴随着硝基苯的分解,由？OH或臭氧和硝基苯分子作用生成一系列中间产物。     

新型多功能材料高铁酸钾的合成与性能研究

高铁酸钾是一种新型的强氧化剂,在水处理中不仅可用于杀灭藻类和细菌,氧化降解水中的无机物和有机物,去除水中一些重金属离子,同时可以起到脱色、除臭、絮凝沉降的作用,且具有见效快、无残留毒性和不对水体造成二次污染等突出优点.作者使用次氯酸盐氧化法(湿法)进行高铁酸钾的合成.并利用高铁酸钾的强氧化性对劣质柴油进行脱色和脱臭实验,讨论了酸度、浓度、温度等对高铁酸钾在水溶液中稳定性的影响,得到当ω(HNO3)=4.5%,高铁酸钾质量浓度在100 g/L时处理效果最好,而温度则对处理效果影响不显著.     

高铁酸钾氧化去除水中苯胺的研究

使用高铁酸钾对水中苯胺的去除进行了研究,研究了高铁酸钾投量、氧化时间、pH值及苯胺初始浓度等因素对苯胺去除率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件为：pH=9．0左右,高铁酸钾和苯胺的摩尔比为4．5：1,反应时间为20min,此条件下的苯胺去除率为93．07％。并将高铁酸钾／紫外光联合去除苯胺与单纯的高铁酸钾氧化法进行对比,结果表明：高铁酸钾／紫外光无法产生良好的协同作用。     

高铁酸钾氧化去除水中甲萘酚的研究

新兴有机污染物在传统的污水处理厂处理过程中难以完全去除,如果进入到水环境中,不仅影响水质,而且对水生态系统和人类健康具有潜在的风险。高铁酸钾在水处理领域被称为环境友好型的多功能水处理剂,其氧化降解新兴有机污染物的研究备受关注。本文采用高铁酸钾(K2FeO4)氧化降解甲萘酚水溶液,研究表明,甲萘酚水溶液浓度为10 mg/L时,初始pH=12~13,高铁酸钾与甲萘酚的质量比8∶1,反应时间10 min,温度25℃为最优反应条件,甲萘酚去除率达到89.6%左右。通过对反应产物的分析,推测甲萘酚首先被高铁酸钾氧化为1,2-萘二酚,再进一步被氧化开环生成终产物。     

无机盐高铁酸钾去除微污染水中苯胺的研究

以苯胺为代表性污染物,借用全自动六联混凝试验搅拌机,实验研究了自制的高铁酸钾对微污染水中难降解有机物的去除功效、影响因素及其去除作用机制。结果表明,高铁酸钾对苯胺具有比较好的去除作用,但受高铁酸钾的投加量、反应时间、体系的pH、苯胺初始浓度等的影响,其最佳反应时间为30 min,pH=9.0~9.5。通过高铁酸钾作用过程中氧化与絮凝作用的定量研究发现,高铁酸钾去除苯胺主要是通过氧化作用实现的。     

高铁氧化去除油田污水中聚丙烯酰胺的研究

阐述了高铁酸钾作为水处理剂的优点,采用了次氯酸钾直接氧化制备高铁酸钾,对油田三次采油含聚丙烯酰胺污水进行了降解和降粘的研究。结果表明控制pH值为3,温度为60℃,反应时间为30min,K2FeO4浓度为0.003mol/L时,高铁酸钾对油田三次采油含PAM污水有明显降解和降粘效果,聚合物驱PAM污水达到国家二级排污标准。说明了高铁氧化技术处理油田含聚污水是可行的。     

与强者同场竞技 靠创新促进发展——访青岛福润德塑料挤出技术有限公司总经理赵炳仁先生

一年一届的中国国际塑料橡胶工业展览会(国际橡塑展),是全球多个行业寻找橡塑工业世界性商贸伙伴的机遇,也是企业开拓中国以至亚洲市场商机之"金钥匙"。在25届国     

Hydrogels reinforced with nanoclays with improved response rate

Two series of semiinterpenetrating networks (SIPN) based on linear hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA), physically crosslinked with inorganic clay, are presented. The hydrogels with different crosslinking densities were prepared by varying the content of clay from 1 to 6 wt % and contained linear interpenetrant, PVA in the range of 0.5–1.5 wt %. The effect of clay content on swelling/deswelling behavior and phase transition in PNIPA gels, as well as the feasibility of reinforcing the gels with high molecular weight PVA, were analyzed. The thermal response of hydrogels, followed by DSC, confirmed that the insertion of hydrophilic PVA did not have a significant effect on the onset of the volume phase transition temperature, while the response was faster. The equilibrium degree of swelling of SIPNs and PNIPA hydrogels was in the range of 9–79 and decreased with increasing content of clay. The internal morphology and surface wettability of the hydrogels were investigated by scanning electron microscope analysis and contact angle measurements, respectively. The network structural parameters of the PNIPA and SIPN nanocomposites hydrogels, such as the average molecular weight between crosslinks, M_c, and effective crosslinking density, N_e, were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44535.     

Electrodialysis with brine solutions oversaturated with calcium sulfate

Electrodialysis (ED) was applied to concentrate brine solutions of various concentrations — similar to effluentsfrom the desalination of brackish and industrial water — to about 20%. The consequent reduction in effluent volumes would facilitate a reduction in disposal costs. The energy requirement for concentrating solutions from 70 to 300 mN (0.4-1.8%) to 3.9 N (20%) was in the range 1.5-7.1 kWh/m³, in contrast to approximately 25 kWh/m³ by thermal evaporation. With the aim of preventing precipitation of CaSO4 on the membranes, laboratory-scale ED experiments were carried out on solutions of different compositions to determine the conditions that would lead to the precipitation of excess gypsum on gypsum seeds in a separate precipitator. The results were then applied in a pilot-scale ED unit in which the brine that circulated through the ED brine cells passed through a separate CaSO, precipitator containing gypsum seeds.     

Biological studies with cyclopropenoids inactivated with fatty acids

Cyclopropenoids inactivated by reactingSterculia foetida oil with cottonseed oil fatty acids were fed at three dietary levels to growing rats and laying hens for 4 weeks. At the termination of the experiments, all animals were autopsied and examined microscopically for pathological lesions, but no pathology that could be related to dietary treatment was observed. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume and plasma cholesterol were similar in animals fed all of the diets. Growth rate of rats and egg production of hens fed the experimental diets were similar to those of animals fed the control diet. After 3 and 6 months of storage, eggs from hens fed the inactivated cyclopropenoids were normal and showed no evidence of the unusual characteristics of cyclopropenoid feeding. Lipids of heart, liver and adipose tissues of all the rats and hens varied little from the normal fatty acid composition. Small amounts of three unidentified fatty acids were found in the adipose tissues of rats fed the higher levels of inactivated cyclopropenoids. The results of these feeding studies suggest that inactivation of cyclopropenoids with fatty acids eliminates the unusual biological effects attributable to cyclopropenoids. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, April 1970.     

高压电动机受潮现场处理的技术分析

山东铝业公司水泥厂（以下简称我厂）运行的大型高压电动机较多．有时由于长时间停运或者环境的潮湿，导致电动机的绝缘水平下降，致使电动机不能再次正常启动。因大型电动机是企业的关键设备，其运行好坏直接影响企业生产的正常与否，进而影响企业效益。     

以创新谋发展 以协作促转型

复合肥行业的转型升级已被列为化肥行业"十三五"规划重要内容。介绍我国复合肥行业转型发展期的特征,并提出在此形势下复合肥行业的发展思路;以创新谋发展,促进行业技术水平提高;以协作促转型,助推行业转型发展。     

以创新铸就名牌 以名牌促进发展

介绍厦门正新橡胶工业有限公司在观念、产品、管理和技术方面开展创新活动的经验。观念创新是名牌战略的灵魂,相互理解与支持、创建伙伴关系是公司对外往来的原则,坚决实施名牌战略,坚持以人为本、适才适用的原则;产品创新是占领市场的法宝,根据市场需求不断适时开发新产品;管理创新是维护品牌形象的前提,各项试验均执行企业内控标准,严把产品质量关;技术创新是实施名牌战略的源泉,以自有技术开发各种轮胎。通过开展创新活动,公司利税指标一直位居国内前列。     

Crosslinking of styrene-butadiene rubber with polyurethanes bicapped with benzyocyclobutene

Summary A polyurethane prepared from 1,9-nonanediol and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate with M_n=11,840, was capped on both ends in a reaction with 4-(benzocyclobutenyl) methanol. The polyurethane was used to crosslink styrene-butadiene rubber through Diels-Alder reactions on the benzocyclobutene functionality. The synthesis and characterization of 4-(benzocyclobutenyl) methanol, a molecule not reported previously, is presented. The crosslinking reaction was carried out on intimate mixtures of the telechelic polyurethane and SBR at elevated temperature and pressure. Various physical properties of the crosslinked material were studied.Work done at the Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA     

Boundary-Layer Structure with Hydrogen Combustion with Different Injection Intensities

Results of numerical simulation of the influence of intensity of hydrogen injection through a porous surface in the case of hydrogen burning in the boundary layer are presented. Turbulent characteristics of the flow were simulated using the k–epsiv; turbulence model with Chien's modification for low Reynolds numbers. The diffusion model (infinitely large burning rate) was used to describe the chemical reaction process, but the difference in diffusion coefficients of different substances was taken into account. A comparison of injection with and without combustion shows that the presence of a heat-release front delays the laminar–turbulent transition and significantly deforms the profiles of density and viscosity of the gas mixture. As the injection velocity increases, the flame front is shifted from the porous surface toward the outer edge of the boundary layer. The contributions of injection itself and combustion to reduction of skin friction are analyzed. Key wrds: boundary layer, combustion, porous injection, heat and mass transfer, friction.