(Mg_2Si+SiC_p)/Mg复合材料的耐磨性

利用SEM等技术观察了(Mg2Si+SiCp)/Mg复合材料和纯镁的磨损表面,对比研究了几种材料在不同载荷、不同磨粒尺寸情况下的磨粒磨损行为。结果表明:复合材料中的Mg2Si和SiC增强颗粒能够起到较强的支撑作用,且不易破碎和脱落,很大程度上抑制了塑形变形的出现,抗磨损能力有了明显的提高;随着碳化硅含量的增加,磨损性能成上升趋势,且经过热挤压的复合材料要比铸态的磨损性能好;(Mg2Si+SiCp)/Mg复合材料的失效机制主要是磨粒磨损。     

Choice of reference surfaces for machined surface roughness in milling of SiC_p/Al composites

In order to choose the appropriate reference surface on the machined surface roughness of Si Cp/Al composites, the cutting experiments of Si Cp/Al composites were carried out, and the machined surface topography was measured by OLS3000 Confocal laser scanning microscope. The 3D measured data of machined surface topography were analyzed by the area power spectrum density. The result shows that the texture of machined surface topography in milling of Si Cp/Al composites is almost isotropic. This is the reason that the values of Rq at different locations on the same machined surface are obviously different. Through the comparison of performance of different filtering methods, the robust least squares reference surface can be used to extract the surface roughness of SiC p/Al composites effectively.     

非线性状态监测数据下的磨损定位与状态识别

提出了一种基于主元分析和聚类分析的机械传动系统磨损定位与状态识别方法,通过对数据空间的非线性映射和模糊集合理论实现了主元分析的非线性和鲁棒性改进,实现了同时考虑数据非线性与离群值的磨损定位与状态识别。此外,提出了一种基于主元聚类的数据非线性判别方法。最后,通过综合传动装置的全寿命周期油液光谱数据验证了本文方法优于不考虑数据非线性和离群值的方法,有效降低了数据非线性与离群值对磨损定位与状态识别的影响,提高了磨损定位与状态识别的准确性。     

喷射沉积镁合金双道次热压缩组织性能研究

以喷射沉积Mg-9Al-3Zn-1Mn-6Ca-2Nd镁合金为研究对象,利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟机研究变形温度330℃、应变速率1 s-1,道次间隔时间分别为5 s和30 s时双道次热压缩后力学行为,并进行微观组织分析.结果表明:双道次热模拟压缩后合金中形成Ca2Mg6Zn3稳定相;伴随着再结晶的发生,亚稳相Mg0.97Zn0.03重溶与Ca2Mg6Zn3析出之间的动态组织演变是影响镁合金热压缩过程塑性失稳的重要因素.     

Microstructures and dry sliding wear properties of ZrB2/A356 composites synthesized by magneto-chemistry in situ reaction

In situ A356-x%PVF (particle volume fraction) ZrB₂ (x=1, 3, 5) composites were prepared via magneto-chemistry in situ reaction and the dry sliding wear properties of the composites were investigated. The experimental results show that ZrB₂ reinforcement particle is obtained and its morphology mainly present in spherical and regular hexagon. Wear test results show that the values of wear weight loss of the composites decrease with the increase of value under a given sliding time and a certain load of 60 N. Especially, when x=5, the weight loss of the as-prepared composite is 43.1 mg, which is only 36.4% to that of A356 alloy, 118 mg. The wear mechanism is changed from adhesion wear to adhesion wear and abrasive wear and then to abrasive wear with the increase of x value.     

半固态挤压SiCp/2024复合材料的组织性能研究及缺陷分析

采用粉末混合－半固态挤压工艺制备SiCp/2024复合材料棒材,对其微观组织、力学性能和断口形貌进行了分析。SEM电镜观察结果表明,该工艺能够制得SiC颗粒分布均匀、基体组织致密、界面结合良好的复合材料棒材。采用Instron材料实验机对复合材料力学性能进行测试,结果表明,其力学性能与基体合金相比有较大提高,复合材料的塑性相对较高。同时,对挤压棒材的表面裂纹的形成原因进行了力学分析。     

Influence of groove surface texture on temperature rise under dry sliding friction

Parallel groove surface textures with different area densities were fabricated on ASTM 1045 steel. Friction tests were conducted under dry sliding condition. Temperature rise, friction coefficient and wear of both the textured and untextured specimens were studied. An embedded K-type thermocouple beneath the friction surfaces was employed to measure frictional temperature rise. The results indicated that the temperature rise of the textured specimen was obviously reduced compared with that of the untextured specimen, although the difference between the friction coefficients was not significant. The specimen with high texture density exhibited a small temperature rise. The difference in temperature rise between the specimens with different texture densities can be primarily attributed to differences in heat dissipation and energy allocation between the tribo-pairs caused by the textured structure. The energy consumed by wear and plastic deformation was small in comparison with the total energy input by friction, thus, the influence of these factors on temperature rise can be considered to be negligible.     

Mg_2Si/Al梯度复合材料的耐磨性

利用SEM、EDS等技术观察了变质前后的Mg2Si/Al梯度复合材料和HT200的磨损表面,对比研究了3种材料在不同载荷、不同磨损速率情况下与45钢对磨的干滑动磨损行为。结果表明:变质后的初生Mg2Si颗粒细小、圆整、分布更加均匀,能够起到更强的支撑作用,且不易破碎,很大程度上抑制了塑性变形的出现,抗黏着磨损能力有了明显的提高,说明变质后的复合材料具有更高的耐磨性。实验发现,由于HT200和45钢组成共轭摩擦副,磨损严重,加上复合材料增强颗粒的作用,使得复合材料的耐磨性远远高于HT200。Mg2Si/Al梯度复合材料的失效机制主要是黏着磨损和磨粒磨损。     

Heat treatment of spray deposition SiCp/6066 aluminum matrix composites

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Reactive diffusion bonding of SiCp/Al composites by insert layers of mixed Al-Si and Al-Si-SiC powders

Mixed Al-Si and Al-Si-SiC powders were employed as insert layers to reactive diffusion bond SiCp/6063 MMC （metal matrix composites）. The results show that SiCp/6063 MMC joints bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al-Si powder have a dense joining layer with a typical hypoeutectic microstructtn＇e. Using the mixed Al-Si-SiC powder as the insert layer, SiCp/6063 MMC can be reactive diffusion bonded by a composite joint. Because of the SiC segregation, however, there are a number of porous zones in the joining layer, which results in the bad shear strength of the joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of the mixed A1-Si- SiC powder, even lower than that of the joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al-Si powder. Ti and Mg added in the insert layers obviously improve the strength of the joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al- Si-SiC powder, especially, Mg has a more obvious effect.     

覆岩分次垮落时留巷顶板离层形成机制

从采场侧向覆岩活动的阶段特征入手,结合数值模拟分析了顶板离层的形成过程,建立了顶板岩梁受力模型,推导得出了顶板下沉与离层数值的影响因素和算式.在采动期间,巷道顶板同期破断的岩层组间不会发生离层,分次垮落岩层组间的离层值取决于各岩层组力学性质与层厚的差异,并受顶板岩梁旋转基点深度和采空区侧向悬臂长度的影响.提供合理的顶板支护阻力可以约束锚固区内的离层,以高初撑力锚杆索和单体支柱为基础的刚性主动支护,能够扩散和均化支护应力,满足控顶载荷需求并有效控制离层.     

干湿循环机制下碳化混凝土氯离子侵蚀试验研究

海工混凝土结构的水上区部分,长期受到氯离子侵蚀和碳化的双重作用,较之一般大气环境下的混凝土结构,这一区域的混凝土结构更易发生钢筋锈蚀.本文开展了干湿循环机制下碳化混凝土的氯离子侵蚀试验,通过分析氯离子浓度分布规律,扩散系数以及微观结构,深入研究混凝土碳化对氯离子扩散的影响.研究结果表明,碳化反应增加了混凝土内部自由氯离子的含量,减缓了氯离子浓度的衰减,对混凝土的抗氯离子侵蚀性能造成了不利影响.碳化后,低水胶比混凝土的氯离子扩散系数有所下降,而高水胶比混凝土的氯离子扩散系数显著增大.碳化反应对混凝土的微观结构有一定的劣化作用,将会加速有害介质的侵入.降低水胶比可显著提高混凝土的密实度,增强混凝土自身的抗氯离子侵蚀性能,同时可以减轻碳化反应对氯离子侵蚀的加剧.     

In situ prepared Al-Si alloy matrix composites reinforced by γ-Al2O3p

A γ-Al2O3 particles reinforced Al-Si alloy matrix composite was fabricated by adding NH4Al（SO4）2 to molten aluminum alloy. TEM observation shows that in-situ γ-Al2O3 particles are generally spherical and uniformly distributed in the matrix. The results of dry sliding wear tests show that the wear resistance of the composites increases with increasing mass fraction, and the volume loss is considerably lesser than that of the matrix and is lesser than that of the composites by adding γ-Al2O3 particles directly.     

Wet and dry tribological behaviors of circular islandic protrusion patterns on M2 steel discs under spinning condition

Under spinning conditions, lubricant on islandic spot patterned M2 steel disc experiences centrifugal and tangential force components. Depending upon the relative position of the spots and the flow of lubricant, accumulation of lubricant in front of patterned islandic spots creates thrusting to mating part and subsequently reduces contact between the mating couple. Whilst wear debris is likely to be spun off the plateau of the spots to their neighbouring valleys so as to reduce wear. Hence, it gives favorable tribological characteristics. Aiming at verifying such mechanisms, studies were performed on M2 steel disc specimens slid with ASSAB 17 tool steel pin. The M2 steel disc specimens were respectively （i） machined with non-patterned （NP）, （ii） etched to produce in-lined （INE） islandic patterns, and （iii） etched to produce staggered （STE） islandic spot patterns. Results indicated that the INE patterned discs gave most favorable wear characteristics, the NP of the worse characteristics whilst the STE ranged in the middle. However, the actual contact mechanism leads to the descending sequence of favorable friction behaviors nominally as： NP, INE and STE.     

Preparation and anti-oxidation mechanism of mullite/yttrium silicate coatings on C/SiC composites

In order to enhance the oxidation resistance of C/Si C composites, mullite/yttrium silicate coatings were fabricated on C/Si C composites through dip-coating route. Al_2O_3-SiO_2 sol with high solid content was selected as the raw material for mullite and "silicone resin + Y_2O_3 powder" slurry was used to synthesize yttrium silicate. The microstructure and phase composition of coatings were characterized, and the investigation on oxidation resistance and anti-oxidation mechanism was emphasized. The as-fabricated coatings consisting of SiO_2-rich mullite phase and Y_2Si_2O_7 phase show high density and favorable bonding to C/Si C composites. After oxidized at 1 400 ℃ and 1 500 ℃ for 30 min in static air, the coating-containing C/Si C composites possess 91.9% and 102.4% of the original flexural strength, respectively. The desirable thermal stability of coatings and the further densification of coatings due to viscous flow of rich SiO_2 and Y-Si-Al-O glass are responsible for the excellent oxidation resistance. In addition, the coating-containing composites retain 99.0% of the original flexural strength and the coatings exhibit no cracking and desquamation after 12 times of thermal shock from 1 400 ℃ to room temperature, which are ascribed to the combination of anti-oxidation mechanism and preferable physical and chemical compatibility among C/Si C composites, mullite and Y_2Si_2O_7. The carbothermal reaction at 1 600 ℃ between free carbon in C/Si C substrate and rich SiO_2 in mullite results in severe frothing and desquamation of coatings and obvious degradation in oxidation resistance.     

活性炭负载钌基氨合成催化剂浸渍机理及条件研究

以活性炭为载体,RuCl3为钌活性前驱体,采用浸渍法制备了活性炭负载钌基氨合成催化剂,考察了浸渍条件对催化剂氨合成催化活性的影响．研究表明,在催化剂浸渍过程中,由开始的表面吸附控制逐渐向炭载体孔道内的扩散控制转变．Ru胶粒在活性炭孔道内的扩散是主要速控步骤,要获得优良的浸渍效果,适当的溶剂为H2O,同时还应控制钌浸渍水溶液的pH值在0．4～1．04左右．浸渍时间为18h,增加浸渍次数和添加竞争吸附剂的作用不明显．     

Robust control for active suspension system under steering condition

To minimize the auto body's posture change caused by steering and uneven road, and improve the vehicle's riding comfort and handling stability, this paper presents an H∞ robust controller of the active suspension system, which considers the effects of different steering conditions on its dynamic performance. The vehicle's vibration in the yaw, roll, pitch and vertical direction and the suspension's dynamic deflection in the steering process are taken into account for the designed H∞ robust controller, and it introduces the frequency weight function to improve the riding comfort in the specific sensitive frequency bands to human body. The proposed robust controller is testified through simulation and steering wheel angle step test. The results show that the active suspension with the designed robust controller can enhance the anti-roll capability of the vehicle, inhibit the changes of the body, and improve the riding comfort of the vehicle under steering condition. The results of this study can provide certain theoretical basis for the research and application of active suspension system.     

盾构下穿施工对既有城市道路沉降影响研究

以合肥市地铁建设四号线天水路站-翠柏路站盾构区间为工程背景,研究盾构下穿对既有城市道路造成的影响。运用MidasGTSNX建立数值分析模型,研究隧道埋深和开挖距离对道路沉降的影响。结果显示：先开挖左线时,沉降在开挖第五到第十环过程中发生突变;埋深在2D以内时,随着开挖的进行,沉降曲线从“单谷”转为“双谷”,但沉降峰值始终保持在左线隧道中心线附近;埋深超过2D,双线隧道的相互作用可以忽略,全线贯通时的沉降峰值出现在双线隧道中心线上方;埋深始终与影响范围成正比,与影响程度成反比。合理安排这两种因素能够有效控制道路沉降,保证施工安全。     

油介质下轮轨粘着特性数值分析-研究生论坛

基于二维滚动接触理论和部分弹流理论,建立了微凸体接触情况下的稳态部分弹流数值模型,运用多重网格法对油介质工况下的轮轨黏着特性进行数值仿真研究。利用所建立的数值仿真模型研究了轮轨接触压力分布情况,分析了滚动速度、载荷、轮轨表面粗糙度等参数对轮轨黏着特性的影响。结果表明:油介质条件下轮轨接触区的宽度比干态下要宽,是干态下接触区宽度的1.5倍左右;油介质下的轮轨黏着系数明显小于干态下的黏着系数;轮轨黏着系数随着速度的增加逐渐减小,随接触压力的增加而降低,随轮轨表面粗糙度的增加而增大。