偶联剂与甘蔗渣／PVC复合材料性能的研究

分别用硅烷偶联剂KH560和钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ311对甘蔗渣/PVC复合体系进行处理。研究了两种处理方法对甘蔗渣/PVC复合材料力学性能、界面形态、耐水性能和加工性能的影响。结果表明,与未处理的相比,两种处理方法都改善了甘蔗渣和PVC之间的界面相容性,界面黏结得到增强,使复合材料的强度和韧性有了较大的提高,同时改善了甘蔗渣/PVC复合材料的加工性能。钛酸酯偶联剂处理对甘蔗渣/PVC复合材料性能的影响更为显著,当其用量为1%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击韧性均得到提高,其中拉伸强度提高了55%。     

GF及偶联剂改性PVC/稻壳木塑复合材料

采用模压成型的方式、通过实验探索玻璃纤维(GF)含量及偶联剂处理对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/稻壳木塑复合材料的力学特性和耐磨性的影响。实验结果表明:PVC/稻壳木塑复合材料的硬度随GF含量增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势。GF含量在15%以下时,随着GF用量的增大,木塑复合材料的拉伸强度与冲击强度总体上随之变大,超过15%则随GF含量增大而减小。而弯曲强度出现先减后增的趋势,弯曲弹性模量则与之相反。木塑复合材料的耐磨损性在GF含量为15%时最佳,摩擦系数在10%时最大。合适的偶联剂处理能增强木塑复合材料的力学性能和耐磨性。其中γ–氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)的增强效果比较好,钛酸酯不能提高PVC/稻壳木塑材料的力学性能和耐磨性。     

PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的研究进展

概述了PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的研究及发展现状，总结了离子交换、偶联剂处理、接枝改性等粘土的表面处理方法及直接熔融插层、原位插层聚合、共混等PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的制备方法，并分析了PVC/粘土纳米复合材料的性能及其发展前景。     

钛酸酯偶联剂对竹粉/PVC性能影响

用钛酸酯偶联剂对竹粉进行表面改性,制备竹粉/聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料,用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行表征,并研究偶联剂对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,偶联剂能改善复合材料中竹粉与PVC间的相容性,提高了复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度。     

稀土偶联剂WOT对纳米碳酸钙/SBR复合材料性能的影响

采用稀土偶联剂WOT对纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性,通过机械共混法制备纳米碳酸钙/SBR复合材料,研究其性能,并与硅烷偶联剂KH-560进行对比。结果表明,与硅烷偶联剂KH-560相比,稀土偶联剂WOT改性复合材料的加工性能较优,拉伸强度和拉断伸长率较高,稀土偶联剂WOT的最佳用量为1.6份;两种偶联剂均能改善纳米碳酸钙在SBR胶料中的分散性,提高复合材料的动态力学性能。     

聚合物/纳米粘土插层复合材料的研究进展

综述了插层法制备聚合物／纳米粘土复合材料的新进展。根据插层机理和方法的差别，插层法主要分为溶液插层和熔融插层两类、总结了使用二次插层和乳液聚合制备聚合物基纳米复合材料的新方法，展望了聚合物／纳米粘土复合材料的开发及应用前景。     

偶联剂改性对PVC/碳酸钙复合材料性能的影响

采用钛酸酯偶联剂对碳酸钙进行表面改性,分析了偶联剂在碳酸钙表面改性的机理,并研究了其对聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料性能的影响.结果 表明,大部分的钛酸酯偶联剂通过化学键合作用覆盖在碳酸钙表面,偶联剂相对于碳酸钙使用量1.5％时,活化指数在95％以上;偶联剂可以明显改善PVC/钙粉复合材料的力学性能、热稳定性以及耐热性.     

有机插层剂对粘土/EPDM纳米复合材料性能的影响

研究了一种新型有机插层剂对双羟基烷基季铵盐蒙脱土/EPDM纳米复合材料性能的影响.结果发现,以双羟基烷基季铵盐处理粘土,在高温高转速熔融共混后,所得到的EPDM硫化胶具有优异的力学性能.X射线衍射发现,形成的粘土/EPDM纳米复合材料为剥离型结构.     

纳米CaCO3对PVC复合材料的研究

笔者研究了基体韧性、纳米CaCO3直接填充PVC对复合材料力学性能的影响，采用钛酸酯处理后的纳米CaCO3对PVC复合材料力学性能的影响，结果表明适当的基体韧性有助于聚氯乙烯复合材料获得较高的冲击强度。     

插层法制备聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料的原理

介绍了聚合物／粘土纳米复合材料的插层方法、制备原理和工艺过程,探讨了纳米复合材料微观结构的影响因素,概述了聚合物／粘土纳米复合材料的形成机理。     

Transport Properties of Poly(lactic acid)/Clay Nanocomposites

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most promising sustainable alternatives to petroleum‐based polymers. One of the main applications is in the packaging industry. Therefore, this article deals with the evaluation of gas transport properties polylactic acid 2003D nanocomposite. Montmorillonite‐based fillers, Cloisite® 10A, 20A, 30B and natural Cloisite® Na⁺, intended to enhance the transport properties, were incorporated into a series of PLA films. The influence of the additive on the transport properties was studied under the conditions of melt processing. Further material morphology was assessed using X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The best results achieved compositions with PLA/Cloisite10A and Cloisite 30B with improvement more than 50%. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:2498–2501, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Effect of Clay Type on Structure and Properties of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Clay Nanocomposites

Summary: PMMA nanocomposites using natural Cloisite 6A and synthetic Lucentite SPN clays were produced via melt blending. The degree of intercalation or exfoliation was measured for both composites using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the results were confirmed with small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). The smaller dimensions of the synthetic SPN, as well as the complete absence of Fe ion impurities allowed for the production of a composite which was optically clear and completely colorless. TEM and SAXS measurements were performed on samples heated to high temperatures. The data showed that in both cases large ribbons composed of the individual platelets were formed. We postulated that these ribbons formed a barrier against spreading of the flame and hence the smaller clays, which are more mobile, had a higher efficiency.

TEM image of a high degree of exfoliation of synthetic clay SPN in the PMMA matrix.     

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(benzimidazole-amide)/ZnO Nanocomposites Using Silane Coupling Agent

Some novel nanocompoites were fabricated via zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles which was modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxylsilane (KH550) as a coupling agent. Poly(benzimidazole-amide) (PBIA) was synthesized via polymerization reaction of 1,3-bis(5-amino-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (3a) with isophthaloyl chloride (4b) and used as a polymer matrix. PBIA/ZnO nanocompoites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FE-SEM and TEM analysis showed that the modified ZnO nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed in polymer matrix. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an enhancement of thermal stability of nanocomposite compared with the pure polymer.     

Morphology,Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Poly(butylene succinate)/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Clay Nanocomposites

Sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) was successfully modified by octadecylamine (ODA) through a cation exchange technique that showed by the increased of basal spacing of clay by XRD. The addition of the organoclay into the PBS/PBAT blends produced intercalated-type nanocomposites with improvements in tensile modulus and strength. The highest tensile strength of nanocomposite was observed at 1 wt% of organoclay incorporated. A TGA study showed that the thermal stability of the blend increased after the addition of the organoclay by 1 wt%. SEM micrographs of the fracture surfaces show that the morphology of the blend becomes smoother with presence of organoclay.     

聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/黏土纳米复合材料的研究进展

综述了聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/黏土纳米复合材料研究的最新进展;从黏土表面改性剂的种类、黏土含量及其近、远程结构等方面总结了影响复合体系形态、黏弹特性、结晶行为的控制因素;探讨并评述了复合体系内部基体与黏土的多层次结构与其结晶、流变行为间的关系。     

Morphology,Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly (Styrene-Acrylonitrile) (SAN)/Clay Nanocomposites from Organic-Modified Montmorillonite

Poly (styrene-acrylonitrile) (SAN)/clay nanocomposites have successfully been prepared by melt intercalation method. The hexadecyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (P16) and cetyl pyridium chloride (CPC) are used to modify the montmorillonite (MMT). The structure and thermal stability property of the organic modified MMT are, respectively characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR) spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicate that the cationic surfactants intercalate into the gallery of MMT and the organic-modified MMT by P16 and CPC has higher thermal stability than hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C16) modified MMT. The influences of the different organic modified MMT on the structure and properties of the SAN/clay nanocomposites are investigated by XRD, transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), TGA and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), respectively. The results indicate that the SAN cannot intercalate into the interlayers of the pristine MMT and results in microcomposites. However, the dispersion of the organic-modified MMT in the SAN is rather facile and the SAN nanocomposites reveal an intermediate morphology, an intercalated structure with some exfoliation and the presence of small tactoids. The thermal stability and the char residue at 700°C of the SAN/clay nanocomposites have remarkably enhancements compared with pure SAN. DMA measurements show that the silicate clays improve the storage modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the SAN matrix in the nanocomposites.     

聚乙烯醇/蒙脱石纳米复合材料的结构与性能

通过溶液插层 流延成膜法,以聚乙烯醇和钠质蒙脱石为原料,制备出了不同蒙脱石含量的聚乙烯醇/蒙脱石纳米复合材料薄膜。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)和力学性能测试对复合材料的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,聚乙烯醇分子成功进入蒙脱石的层间,实现了在纳米尺度上的复合;蒙脱石含量高于7 5wt%形成插层型的纳米复合材料,低于7 5wt%形成剥离型的纳米复合材料;在SEM图片上还观察到了纳米复合材料的微观结构。纳米复合材料的热稳定性、拉伸强度和直角撕裂强度均比纯聚乙烯醇有很大提高。     

Poly(propylene)/Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Reactive Compounding with an Epoxy Based Masterbatch

Summary: Poly(propylene) (PP)/clay nanocomposites have been prepared via a novel reactive compounding approach, in which an epoxy based masterbatch consisting of 20 wt.‐% clay was introduced to poly(propylene) with the aid of a maleic anhydride grafted PP (MAPP). The masterbatch was prepared using a recently developed “slurry compounding” technique. After melt compounding, most clay particles have been exfoliated and dispersed into small stacks with several clay layers. WAXD data shows that the dispersion of clay is better at low clay content or high MAPP content. Due to the novelty of the preparation process and complication of the system, the tensile properties of nanocomposites exhibit some unique tendencies with varying the content of MAPP or masterbatch. It is believed that the yield strength and Young's modulus can be dramatically improved after minimizing the excess of unreacted epoxy and optimizing the dispersion of clay.

TEM micrograph of PP/clay nanocomposites prepared with epoxy based masterbatch.     

黏土结构对聚氯乙烯/黏土复合材料性能的影响

用两种不同结构的黏土伊利石和海泡石作为填料填充到聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂中,研究黏土结构对PVC性能的影响。结果表明:黏土的结构不同,对PVC的性能影响也存在明显差异。伊利石对提高PVC的拉伸强度优于海泡石;而海泡石对提高PVC的冲击强度优于伊利石。伊利石提高了PVC的弯曲强度,对弯曲模量的影响不大;而海泡石降低了PVC的弯曲强度,但明显加大了PVC的弯曲模量。海泡石对提高PVC的热变形温度优于伊利石。