会厌在喉部分切除喉功能重建术中的应用

目的 探讨会厌在喉部分切除喉功能重建术中的应用价值。方法 １９９２年１２月－１９９６年１月３２例不同分期的声门型,声门上型喉癌行喉部分切除术,将残存会厌下移保留喉功能。结果 ２１例声门型喉癌术后１９例拔除气管套管恢复喉的全部功能,１１例声门上型喉癌５例恢复喉全部功能,并于术后１４－１８ｄ恢复吞咽功能,无１例出现误吸收起严重并发症。３年生存率８７．５％（２８／３２）,５年生存率５８．３％（７／１２）     

环状软骨上喉次全切除环舌固定术重建喉功能

报告行环状软骨上喉次全切除环舌固定术重建喉功能，治疗１７例声门上型癌水平半切除禁忌患者，均拔管成功，３年存活率为７６％；并对手术要点，预防术后误吸的措施等进行讨论。     

会厌喉成形术治疗喉声门型癌

目的探讨会厌喉成形术的可行性及手术方法。方法喉部分切除术后下移会厌瓣修复残存喉腔的前壁或侧前壁行喉成形术42例。结果患者术后喉功能恢复良好,总拔管率为92.9%,所有患者均于出院前拔除鼻饲管,发音可接受率为88.1%,3年、5年生存率分别为84.6%、77.1%。结论会厌瓣是喉部分切除喉成形术理想的修复材料之一。     

声门型喉癌T_3病变喉部分切除术后疗效评价

目的　探讨喉部分切除术对声门型喉癌T3 病变的可行性及修复材料的选择。方法　对 1986年 1月～ 1994年 1月 78例行喉部分切除术的声门型喉癌T3 病变患者的术式及修复方法进行了回顾性分析。结果　患者 3年、5年生存率分别为 88 5 %、75 6 % ,局部复发率 15 4%。应用了梨状窝粘膜 甲状软骨板外侧软骨膜、会厌软骨瓣及带状肌双肌双蒂瓣 3种方法修复创面 ,均获得了较好的喉功能恢复。结论　喉部分切除术是根治声门型喉癌T3 病变合理、有效的方式 ,但不能完全替代全喉切除术 ,应根据切除范围选择合理的修复方式。     

声门型喉癌T3病变喉部分切除术后疗效评价

目的 探讨喉部分切除术对声门型喉癌Ｔ３病变的可行性及修复材料的选择。方法 对１９８６年１月～１９９４年１月７８例行喉部分切除术的声门型喉癌Ｔ３病变患者的术式及修复方法进行了回顾性分析。结果 患者３年、５年生存率分别为８８．５％、７５．６％,局部复发率１５．４％。应用了梨状窝粘膜＋甲状软骨板外侧软骨膜,会厌软骨瓣及带状肌双肌双蒂瓣３种方法修复创面,均获得了较好的喉功能恢复。结论 喉部分切除术是根治声     

喉环上部分切除术及其疗效

目的 探讨喉癌行喉次全切除术并重建喉功能的术式及其疗效。方法 １９７８～１９９８年行喉次全切除环－舌骨固定术或环－舌骨－会厌固定术２９例,其中男１８例,女１１例;年龄最大７０岁,最小３８岁,平均５５．４岁。按１９８７年ＵＩＣＣ分期,全部均为Ｍ０,声门上型１０例（Ｔ２Ｎ０ ３例、Ｔ２Ｎ１ １例、Ｔ３Ｎ０ ３例、Ｔ３Ｎ１ ２例,Ｔ３Ｎ２ １例）,声门型１９例（Ｔ２Ｎ０ １２例、Ｔ２Ｎ１ １例、Ｔ３Ｎ０     

声门癌喉部分切除术后会厌喉成形术

为提高喉癌患者的生存质量 ,不仅要求肿瘤切除彻底 ,而且还应尽量保留喉功能。我科 1 996年 6月～ 1 999年 6月应用会厌瓣进行声门癌喉部分切除术后功能重建 1 5例 ,报告如下。1 　 资料与方法1 .1 　 一般资料1 5例声门癌患者均为男性 ,年龄 45～ 6 8岁 ,平均 5 8.6岁。按 UICC(1 987) TNM分期标准 :T1b2例 ,T2 1 1例 ,T32例。均无淋巴结转移与远处转移。病理检查 :均为鳞状细胞癌。1 .2 　 手术方式垂直或扩大垂直半喉切除术 1 2例。适应于肿瘤位于单侧声带、喉室或已侵及前联合及对侧声带受侵不超过前 1 /2 ,向下侵犯不超过声门下 1 …     

声门型喉癌保留喉功能的喉部分切除术疗效分析

目的探讨喉部分切除术的疗效及喉功能恢复情况。方法回顾分析1997～2006年施行各种喉部分切除术声门型喉癌75例。其中男71例,女4例。其中行CO2激光声带切除术12例,喉裂开声带切除术18例,喉垂直部分切除术33例,喉额侧部分切除术5例,喉扩大垂直部分切除术4例。环状软骨舌骨会厌固定（cricohyo idoepiglottopexy,CHEP）2例。结果本组75例患者3、5年生存率分别为97.3%、94.6%。其中T1、T2病变患者48例分别为97.9%和97.9%。T3、T4病变患者（27例）分别为92.5%和85.1%。全部患者吞咽功能及发声功能均可恢复,拔管率为92.1%（58/63）。术后1个月内拔管率为85.2%。结论喉部分切除术是根治声门型喉癌的首选治疗措施。严格掌握手术适应证、选择正确术式、正确的修复技术是保证手术的疗效及保留喉功能的必要条件。     

声门型喉癌垂直部分喉切除,重建方法与效果评价

本文就声门型喉癌１０２例施行垂直部分喉切除的适应症选择、重建方法、术后喉功能恢复及生存率分析。本组拔管率９８．０％（１００／１０２），有良好的发音功能、吞咽功能。３、５、１０年生存率分别为９０．２％、８５．６％、６９．８％。其生存率不亚于全喉切除术。证实垂直部分喉切除术是根治声门型喉癌Ｔ２、Ｔ３期的合理有效的术式。     

经声门旁间隙入路切除声门型喉癌疗效分析

目的 探讨经声门旁间隙入路声门型喉癌切除术的适应证及疗效。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月～2015年3月肇庆市第一人民医院20例确诊为声门型喉癌患者的临床资料,均采用经声门旁间隙入路切除的手术方式,观察患者术后并发症、呼吸、吞咽、发音功能、复发及生存率。结果 气管套管拔管率90.0%(18/20);误咽率15.0%(3/20),均通过吞咽训练恢复经口饮食;术后患者存在不同程度声嘶,但可对话交流;肿瘤复发2例,其中l例为喉内复发,1例为颈淋巴转移复发,复发率为10.0%(2/20)。3年、5年累积生存率分别为85.0%(17/20)、80%.0(16/20)。结论 经声门旁间隙入路的手术方式适用于部分同时累及声门及声门上区的喉癌,肿瘤暴露清晰、切除彻底,可有效保留喉功能,是理想的手术方式。     

Functional Analysis After Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy With Cricohyoidoepiglottopexy

Objectives To assess prospectively speech and swallowing function in a series of 17 patients after supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. Study Design Retrospective study. Methods From 1983 to 1996, 69 patients at Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, CHUV (Lausanne, Switzerland) underwent a supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. Seventeen of them (25%) could be contacted and accepted participation in a functional evaluation that included a questionnaire to document their present nutritional status and diet. A formal voice evaluation was also performed, which included psychoacoustic evaluation of vocal qualities, fundamental frequency parameters, phonation intensity range, phonatory quotient (vital capacity divided by maximum phonation time), and a laryngeal video laryngoscopy performed with a rigid endoscope. Results Median postoperative follow‐up was 66 months (range, 12–152 mo). Nine of 17 patients (53%) recovered a normal diet with no increased incidence of aspirations. Seven of 17 had minor limitations such as no peanuts, dry bread, or rice. Two of 17 patients were restricted to pureed food. Assessment of voice showed a clearly decreased mean fundamental frequency at 70.1 Hz (normal range, 121–211 Hz) and a narrowed frequency range of phonation with a mean value of 8.8 semitones (normal value, 27). Forty‐two percent of the patients went back to their normal professional life after the operation. Among the 10 who did not, 3 (16%) retired and 7 actually had to give up their profession, because of the modification of their voice or general asthenia and age close to retirement. Conclusion Restoration of laryngeal function after supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy is satisfactory. Although most of the patients seem to recover normal swallowing function, severe voice alterations appear to be inevitable.     

喉环状软骨上部分切除术的临床应用

目的探讨喉环状软骨上部分切除术治疗喉癌的喉功能保留和治疗效果。方法对2003.6～2009.3行喉环状软骨上部分切除22例中晚期喉癌的临床资料进行详细分析,其中行环-舌骨-会厌固定术15例,环-舌骨固定术5例,气管-环-舌骨固定术2例。结果所有患者均在术后第10～21天(平均15天)拔除鼻饲管,恢复吞咽功能。术后的发音情况令人满意。术后20例患者拔除气管套管,拔管率90.9%;生存时间为3～72个月,中位数23个月,平均28.8个月;3年无瘤生存率94.74%,5年无瘤生存率81.20%。结论喉环状软骨上部分切除术是一种适合中晚期喉癌的手术方式,保留喉功能肯定。     

Relationship Between Preepiglottic Space Invasion and Lymphatic Metastasis in Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy With Cricohyoidopexy

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the role of preepiglottic space (PES) invasion in lymph node metastasis and prognosis in patients undergoing supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) with cricohyoidopexy (CHP).

Methods

A retrospective review of 42 previously untreated patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that underwent surgery was performed. The mean age of the subjects was 61.3 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 38:4. Regarding their pathological stages, there were 3, 8, 22, and 9 cases of stage T1 to T4, respectively. Concerning the disease stage of the cervical lymph nodes, there were 30, 5, 6, and 1 cases with N0 to N3, respectively.

Results

The PES invasion rate was 23.8% (10/42). Significant correlations were found between PES invasion and cervical lymph node metastasis (P=0.002). Seven of the 10 patients (70.0%) with PES invasion had cervical lymph node metastasis, whereas only 5 of the 32 patients (15.6%) without any evidence of PES invasion had lymph node metastasis. There was also a significant correlation of PES invasion with age (P=0.002) and T stage (P=0.030). However, there was no significant relationship between gender, primary tumor site, anterior commissure invasion, subglottic extension, paraglottic space invasion and PES invasion. There was a 5-year disease-specific survival of 70%. PES invasion served as a statistically significant prognostic factor for disease-specific survival (P=0.004). Cervical nodal metastasis (P=0.003) and subglottic extension (P=0.01) were also statistically significant prognostic factors associated with disease-specific survival.

Conclusion

The PES invasion was significantly related to the cervical lymph node metastasis and prognosis in patients undergoing SCPL with CHP.     

原发性喉淀粉样变的临床分析

目的探讨原发性喉淀粉样变的临床特征及诊疗方法。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院2015年4月~2016年4月收治的14例原发性喉淀粉样变患者的临床资料,14例患者中男2例,女12例;年龄24~61岁,平均年龄（47±10）岁;病程3个月至1.5年,平均（3.7±4.3）年。所有患者均在全麻下行支撑喉镜下CO2激光喉肿物切除术。结果1例因双室带前1/3肉芽组织生成术后症状改善不明显,术后第9天行全麻支撑喉镜下肉芽组织清除术。所有患者随访2个月至1年,声嘶症状均明显改善,均未见肿物复发。结论原发性喉淀粉样变病因不明,手术治疗是最重要的治疗方式,推荐支撑喉镜下CO2激光手术切除;病理组织检查刚果红染色阳性、偏振光呈苹果绿双折射是诊断该病最特异的依据。     

喉癌患者喉部分切除术后的嗓音声学分析

目的 探讨喉癌患者喉部分切除术术式、喉功能重建方法与术后嗓音质量的关系。方法 采用Dr．Speech嗓音分析软件，对116例不同术式喉部分切除术患者分别于术后1、2年进行发声功能测试，对测得的基频微扰（jitter）、振幅微扰（shimmer）、标准化噪声能量（NNE）进行比较分析，判断受试者嗓音质量。结果 所测得的声学参数jitter、shimmer、NNE值，以喉声门上水平部分切除术组最低，嗓音质量相对最好（P〈0．01）；喉次全切除术组最高，嗓音质量相对最差（P〈0．01）。声带切除术组和声带癌激光切除术组与其它各组比较，其差异均有显著统计学意义（P〈0．05或0．01），但这两组间比较，差异无统计学意义。各组术后嗓音质量效果从好到差依次为：喉声门上水平部分切除术组、声带切除术组、声带癌激光切除术组、喉垂直部分切除术组、喉额侧部分切除术组、喉次全切除术组。结论 喉癌患者喉部分切除术后，发声功能的恢复与手术方式及重建方法密切相关，其中，喉声门上水平部分切除术组术后嗓音质量相对最佳，喉次全切除术组术后相对最差。     

喉功能保留外科相关的喉功能解剖

目的 了解喉功能的解剖学基础,为喉癌、下咽癌手术保留喉功能提供解剖依据.方法 对4例成年男性尸体喉部的环杓关节相关肌肉、神经及血管进行解剖观察,根据肌肉的起止点与肌纤维方向分析各肌肉的作用.结果 甲杓肌位于喉腔内,环杓后肌、环杓侧肌、杓横肌及杓斜肌位于喉软骨支架的后外周面;在相关肌肉的作用下,以环杓关节面为核心,杓状软骨可以完成旋转与滑动运动;环杓后肌与环杓侧肌可以开大、缩小声门,对保证正常的喉功能有更重要的作用;喉返神经于气管食管沟内自下而上支配环杓后肌、环杓侧肌、杓横机、杓斜肌及甲杓肌等肌肉;喉下动脉自甲状腺下动脉发出后走行于环杓后肌的背侧,供血于环杓关节相关组织.结论 一侧完整的环杓关节及功能正常的环杓后肌与环杓侧肌是保留喉功能喉部分切除术的最基本条件.     

Partial Frontolateral Laryngectomy With Epiglottic Reconstruction for Management of Early‐Stage Glottic Carcinoma

Objectives The aim of this study was to demonstrate that partial frontolateral laryngectomy with epiglottic reconstruction (PFLER) is an effective therapeutic option for treatment of T1 and T2 glottic carcinoma. Study Design Retrospective study. Methods Between 1982 and 1997, we treated 127 cases of early glottic carcinoma with PFLER. Early glottic carcinoma was staged using the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer TNM classification as either T1N0M0 (62 cases) or T2N0M0 (65 cases). Selection criteria, depending on the limits of exeresis, must remain glottic carcinoma with less than 0.5 cm of anterior subglottic involvement, with no involvement of the supraglottic space or laryngeal side of the epiglottis, with involvement of only one arytenoid, and with good mobility of both arytenoids even if vocal cord mobility is decreased. Results Postoperative recovery was uneventful in all cases, and all patients but one were able to breath and eat normally. The failure involved a patient with a permanent gastrostomy. As with other partial laryngectomy techniques, the main drawback of PFLER was deterioration of voice quality. All patients presented hoarseness and weakness of the voice. Five‐year survival rates calculated according to the Kaplan‐Meier method were 91% (standard error, 5%) in the T1N0M0 group and 86% (standard error, 5%) in the T2N0M0 group. No recurrence was observed in the T1N0M0 group. Local control was successful in 92% in the T2N0M0 group after a median follow‐up of 5 years. Conclusion These findings show that PFLER is an effective therapeutic option in selected cases of early T1N0M0 or T2N0M0 glottic carcinoma.     

喉部分切除术创面修复问题

报道我院１９８０年４月～１９９２年３月喉部分切除术，其中创面修复组７８例，创面未修复组８４例。经对比研究，发现术后创面愈合时间、吞咽功能和呼吸功能恢复时间、术后并发症和生存率两组间差异均无显著性。