共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
2.
韩国70道路沥青老化特性分析(Ⅱ)官能团与分子结构变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用现代分析方法(IR光谱,SEC.XPS)考察了进口韩国 70道路沥青在 0~250 h和60℃~130℃薄膜热老化过程中特征官能团与分子结构变化。试验发现:沥青经薄膜热老化时分子中连基官能团的吸收峰面积随老化时间逐渐增加,老化温度愈高变化愈明显。亚砜官能团的吸收峰面积有变化但不显著。老化后沥青分子中高分子量组分的含量增加,分散度变大。特征官能团与分子量分布的变化说明沥青分子间存在极性官能团之间的缔合作用。沥青分子中O,S原子的存在形态比较复杂.主要以亚砜、羰基官能团以及硫醚、硫醇的形式存在。沥青的老化是一个缓慢的自氧化过程.氧化反应符合自由基链反应历程。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
韩国70道路沥青老化特性分析(Ⅱ)管能团与分子结构变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用现代分析方法(IR光谱,SEC,XPS)考察了进口韩国70道路沥青在0-250h和60℃-130℃薄膜老化过程中特征官能团与分子结构变化。试验发现,沥青经薄膜热老化时分子中羰基官能团的吸收峰面积随老化时间逐渐增加,老化温度愈高变化愈明显,亚砜官能团的吸收峰面积有变化但不显著,老化后沥青分子中高分子量组分的含量增加,分散度变大,特征官能团与分子量分布的变化说明沥青分子间存在极性官能团之间的缔合作用,沥青分子中O,S原子的存在形态比较复杂,主要以亚砜,羰基官能团以及硫醚,硫醇的形式存在,沥青的老化是一个缓慢的自氧化过程,氧化反应符合自由基醚反应历程。 相似文献
7.
模拟Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青热-氧-水浸老化试验,采用红外光谱考察Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青在水老化过程中各组分及官能团的变化。结果表明,Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青水老化前后吸收峰的形状和官能团的位置相似,未生成新的官能团。Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青在热-氧-水老化条件下,以氧化反应为主;老化5 h后,芳香分、沥青质增多,饱和分减少;老化后,羟基和羰基变得更加突出,亚砜基变化不明显;热-氧-水浸环境下的含氧官能团比热-氧-水蒸气环境下的含氧官能团含量更多;采用羰基和碳氢键峰面积表征Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青的水老化更合适。 相似文献
8.
通过动态剪切流变试验、四组分试验和红外光谱测试沥青中的组分胶体指数差值和官能团结构指数,考察了分别由多聚磷酸(PPA)、丁苯橡胶(SBR)及SBR/PPA复合物改性沥青的抗紫外老化性能,探讨了老化的机理。结果表明,PPA的添加有效改善了沥青的高温流变性能,改性沥青的抗车辙因子和相位角的变化幅度较小。PPA或SBR/PPA复合改性沥青在紫外老化前后的胶体指数差值较小,而后者羧基和亚砜基指数的增大幅度要小于前者,丁二烯基指数的减小幅度小于SBR改性沥青。综合来看,PPA/SBR复合改性沥青的抗紫外老化性能优于基质沥青和PPA或SBR改性沥青。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Solid solutions of diphosphates of zinc and copper and of zinc and cobalt were synthesized from mixtures of pure diphosphates at temperatures up to 1000°C. Their X-ray diffractometry patterns varied continuously from one end member to the other. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cox(PO4 )2, with x = 0.4–1.6, were formed at temperatures up to 950°C; all exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cux (PO4 )2 exhibited more-complex behavior. At 1000°C and copper contents of 20–80 mol%, a phase that is related to Cu3 (PO4 )2, termed here the "ε-phase," predominated. At 850°–950°C and in the region from 20 mol% to ∼33 mol% of copper, the solid solutions (the "η-phase") adopted the structure of graftonite. At 800°–900°C and 10–15 mol% of copper, the solid solutions exhibited a new structure (the "δ-phase"), which we found to be related to the mineral sarcopside. At temperatures 950°C, the solutions that contained 5–15 mol% of copper (the "β-phase") had the structure of β-Zn3 (PO4 )2, whereas at 800°–850°C, solutions with 5 mol% of copper (the "-phase") exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Attempts to synthesize Cu+ ZnPO4 and Cu+ Cu2+ Zn3 (PO4 )3 were unsuccessful. 相似文献
13.
14.
为了提高油田的生产效率,设计最佳的油气集输处理的工艺流程,更好地完成油气水分离处理的任务。对油气集输工艺技术进行优化,发挥高效油气水分离处理设备的优势,提高油气水处理的质量,保证油气集输工艺顺利实施,获得最佳的油田产量外输。 相似文献
15.
建设创新型国家是我们中华民族的历史责任。“自主创新、重点突破、支撑发展、引领未来”的16字方针应当成为我们未来创新活动的指南。建设创新型国家把自主创新放在首位,并提出了引领未来的高标准要求。钢铁科技创新必须突出重点,抓住创新成果产业化这个关键,支撑起行业和国民经济的发展。 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
相比已经完善丰富的开采和勘探技术,油气的运输以及储存却仍然存在不足之处。我国对能源安全提出更加严格要求的同时,对区域经济的发展规划也有足够重视。因此,保障油气管道的安全则成为了我国能源安全战略的重中之重。在阐释油气管道现阶段在储运安全保障技术发展状况的基础上,分析了现存的问题及解决问题的手段,并指出未来可能使用的目标策略,为今后研究者提供一定程度上的借鉴经验。 相似文献
19.
膜的污染和劣化及其防治对策 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
较为系统地介绍了膜污染和劣化的定义和特点,因膜污染和劣化而造成的膜性能变化,以及如何预防、减少或清除膜污染和劣化的一些通用方法。 相似文献
20.
James L. White David G. Salladay David O. Quisenberry Donald L. MacLean 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1972,16(11):2811-2827
Gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) studies of polystyrene, polybutadienes (BR), and their copolymers (SBR) have been carried out. GPC primarily separates them on the basis of molecular size, and TLC, on the basis of composition. Methods of obtaining absolute molecular weight distributions for BR and SBR based upon variations of the Strasbourg Universal Calibration procedure are described. In particular, [η]–M relationships in both the GPC solvent (THF) and in a second solvent (toluene) were used; in addition, results of statistical mechanical calculations for \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\overline {s^2 }$\end{document} (based on the assumption of negligible steric hindrance and freely rotating bonds) were applied. An experimental comparison of these methods was carried out, and use of the [η]–M relationships for both solvents was found to give satisfactory results. The predictions of the statistical theory were too low. A detailed study of polymer–solvent–gel interaction in the GPC unit was made through investigation of ternary phase equilibrium in the (polystyrene)–THF–(polymer) system. The polymers studied included BR and SBR with varying styrene contents. Experimental techniques for TLC separations of BR, SBR, and polystyrene according to the composition are described. 相似文献