UV-Vis spectra of polyaniline doped with camphor sulfonic acid in different organic solvents

Ｄｏｐｅｄｐｏｌｙａｎｉｌｉｎｅｉｓａｖｅｒｙｐｒｏｍｉｓｉｎｇｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｎｇｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ,ｂｕｔｉｔｓｆｕｒｔｈｅｒａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｓｇｒｅａｔｌｙｉｍｐｅｄｅｄｂｙｉｔｓｐｏｏｒｓｏｌｕｂｉｌｉｔｙｉｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｓｏｌｖｅｎｔ．Ｎｍｅｔｈｙｌ２ｐｙｒｒｏｌｉｄｉｏｎｅ（ＮＭＰ）ｉｓａｗｅｌｌｋｎｏｗｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇｓｏｌｖｅｎｔｆｏｒｐｏｌｙａｎｉｌｉｎｅ．ＨｏｗｅｖｅｒｔｈｅｆｉｌｍｃａｓｔｆｒｏｍｉｔｓＮＭＰｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｌｗａｙｓｓｈｏｗｓｌｅｓ…     

5-磺基水杨酸在不同酸度下的荧光光谱研究

研究了5-磺基水杨酸(5-Sulfosalicylic acid,SSA)在不同酸度下的荧光光谱性质.酸性条件下,SSA的荧光激发峰λex分别位于201,210,236,297 nm,荧光发射峰λem位于401 nm;随pH值升高,荧光激发峰和发射峰均逐步升高,但激发光谱和发射光谱的形状无变化.碱性条件下,随pH值升高,201,210,236,297 nm的激发峰位置发生红移且强度逐渐降低,261 nm出现一个新的逐步升高的激发峰;401 nm位置的荧光发射峰位置发生蓝移,且强度逐渐降低.pH=2~6,荧光强度随pH值升高而上升;pH=6~9.5,荧光强度基本不变;pH=9.5~13.3,荧光强度随pH值升高而下降.同时,讨论了SSA作为三元酸的解离.     

Wettability and surfactivity of sodium phosphate surfactants in strong alkali solutions

The wettability, surfactivity and the correlation between wettability and surfactivity of sodium diethylhexylphosphate, sodium diethylhexyl polyoxyethylene phosphate and their complex in NaOH solutions were studied. A complex alkali resistant phosphate surfactant with good permeability was prepared. The wettability of surfactants was investigated by measuring the immersion time, sinking time and capillary effects of nature cotton grey fabric in NaOH solutions. The surfactivity of the surfactants was characterized by measuring the surface tension. The effect of the complex on the surface appearance of cotton grey fabric was also investigated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that all the surfactants exhibit good wettability for cotton grey fabric in 0.5–5.0 mol/L of NaOH solutions, the complex system exhibits better wettability in 5.0–7.0 mol/L of NaOH solutions, in comparison with either corresponding single surfactant component employed, and wettability is well correlative with the surfactivities of the surfactant. SEM images indicate that the cotton grey fabric is well wetted by the alkaline surfactant solution and the quality of fabric is improved.     

Synthesis and fluorescence properties of Tb(Ⅲ) complexes with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives

Two novel ligands named 4-styrylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (4-SPDA) and 4-(4-(2-(2, 6-dicarboxypyridin-4-yl)-vinyl)styryl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid(DSPDA) and their complexes with Tb(Ⅲ) were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrometry, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, elemental analysis and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry. The ligand synthetic route was optimized. The fluorescence properties of the complex in solid state, in different kind of solvents and in solutions with different pH values were investigated in detail. The results show that the yields of DSPDA and 4-SPDA reach over 78% by Wittig-Horner reaction and other eight pyridine-2, 6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives with different substituents on pyridine ring, and their complexes with Tb(Ⅲ) are also obtained. The fluorescence intensities of the complexes with electron-donating groups are more intense than those of the complexes with electron-withdrawing groups on pyridine ring; fluorescence intensities of the complexes are the strongest in neutral solution (pH=7), and the less the dipole moment of solvent molecule is, the stronger the fluorescence intensity is. It is found that the two ligands (4-APDA and DSPDA) are the good sensitizers for Tb(Ⅲ) ion.     

香豆素-4-乙酰苄肼类抗结核病药物的3D—QSAR研究

采用三维全息原子场作用矢量（3D—HoVAIF）对25个香豆素-4-乙酰苄肼类抗结核病药物进行定量构效关系（QSAR）研究．运用多元线性回归（MLR）和偏最小二乘回归（PLS）建模,同时采用内部及外部双重验证的办法对所得模型稳定性能进行了深入分析和检验．MLR建模和PLS建模的复相关系数（R_cum）、留一法交互校验复相关系数（Q_LOO）以及外部样本校验复相关系数（Q_ext）分别为0．926、0．819、0．805和0．919、0．828、0．836．结果表明,3D—HoVAIF能较好表征抗结核药物分子结构信息,所建QSAR模型具有良好稳定性和预测能力,为抗结核病药物的研发提供一定的理论基础．     

LED暖白光照明用（Y2．95-xGdxCe0．05）Al5O12系列荧光粉的晶相与三维荧光光谱

采用高温固相法合成（Y2．95-xGdxCe0．05）Al5O12系列荧光粉，研究了（Y2．95-xGdxCe0．05）Al5O12粉体的晶体结构．运用三维荧光光谱全面表征该体系荧光粉的发射光谱，结果表明Gd^3＋的加入并没有改变荧光粉的原有晶体结构，只是由于Gd^3＋离子半径大于Y^3＋离子半径，使得样品晶格常数略有增加，并且导致荧光发射主峰向长波方向移动．有利于降低白光LED器件相关色温和提高显色指数．     

LED暖白光照明用(Y_(2.95-x)Gd_xCe_(0.05))Al_5O_(12)系列荧光粉的晶相与三维荧光光谱

采用高温固相法合成(Y2.95-xGdxCe0.05)Al5O12系列荧光粉,研究了(Y2.95-xGdxCe0.05)Al5O12粉体的晶体结构,运用三维荧光光谱全面表征该体系荧光粉的发射光谱,结果表明Gd3+的加入并没有改变荧光粉的原有晶体结构,只是由于Gd3+离子半径大于Y3+离子半径,使得样品晶格常数略有增加,并且导致荧光发射主峰向长波方向移动,有利于降低白光LED器件相关色温和提高显色指数.     

铕、钇-苯甲酸-1,10-菲咯啉的合成及荧光性质研究

分别合成了稀土(铕、钇)与苯甲酸、1,10-菲咯啉配位的有机稀土羧酸配合物.通过元素分析和红外分析确定了配合物的组成与结构.通过荧光光谱与荧光寿命研究了它们的荧光性质.试验结果表明当钇掺入配合物后,能极大地增强铕的特征荧光,当铕钇的摩尔比为3:7时荧光强度最强,且此时的荧光寿命最长.经拟合后发现,在(铕、钇)-苯甲酸-1,10-菲咯啉配合物中,钇离子对铕荧光的敏化程度随钇含量的降低以指数形式衰减.     

铕-镧-柠檬酸-1,10-菲咯啉配合物荧光性能研究

分别合成了铕与柠檬酸配位的二元配合物，铕、柠檬酸、1，10－菲咯啉配位的三元配合物和掺杂不同量镧的多核三元配合物。经过元素分析、红外分析和热重差热分析等手段确定了配合物的组成与结构。通过荧光光谱及荧光寿命测试了其荧光性能，结果表明当铕与镧掺杂摩尔比为6：4时能得到荧光强度最强且荧光寿命最长的稀土配合。实验结果拟合表明，当铕镧摩尔比在1：9－5：5时，镧离了对铕荧光的敏化程度以指数形式衰减，当铕镧摩尔比在6：4－9：1时，镧离子对铕荧光的敏化程度以线性方式衰减。     

Synthesis and fluorescence properties of Tb（Ⅲ） complexes with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives

Two novel ligands named 4-styrylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid （4-SPDA） and 4-（4-（2-（2, 6-dicarboxypyridin-4-yl）- vinyl）styryl）pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid（DSPDA） and their complexes with Tb（Ⅲ） were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrometry, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, elemental analysis and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry. The ligand synthetic route was optimized. The fluorescence properties of the complex in solid state, in different kind of solvents and in solutions with different pH values were investigated in detail. The results show that the yields of DSPDA and 4-SPDA reach over 78% by Wittig-Horner reaction and other eight pyridine-2, 6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives with different substituents on pyridine ring, and their complexes with Tb（Ⅲ） are also obtained. The fluorescence intensities of the complexes with electron-donating groups are more intense than those of the complexes with electron-withdrawing groups on pyridine ring; fluorescence intensities of the complexes are the strongest in neutral solution （pH=7）, and the less the dipole moment of solvent molecule is, the stronger the fluorescence intensity is. It is found that the two ligands （4-APDA and DSPDA） are the good sensitizers for Tb（Ⅲ） ion.     

铕-镧-柠檬酸-1,10-菲咯啉配合物荧光性能研究

分别合成了铕与柠檬酸配位的二元配合物,铕、柠檬酸、1,10-菲咯啉配位的三元配合物和掺杂不同量镧的多核三元配合物.经过元素分析、红外分析和热重差热分析等手段确定了配合物的组成与结构.通过荧光光谱及荧光寿命测试了其荧光性能,结果表明当铕与镧掺杂摩尔比为6:4时能得到荧光强度最强且荧光寿命最长的稀土配合物.实验结果拟合表明,当铕镧摩尔比在1:9～5:5时,镧离子对铕荧光的敏化程度以指数形式衰减,当铕镧摩尔比在6:4～9:1时,镧离子对铕荧光的敏化程度以线性方式衰减.     

纳米TiO2颗粒与腐殖酸和SDBS的相互作用机制

为保障水环境生态安全性及纳米技术的可持续发展,研究了纳米Ti O2颗粒与腐殖酸(HA)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)的相互作用,考察了p H、离子浓度对其相互作用的影响.结果表明,腐殖酸和十二烷基苯磺酸钠均会抑制纳米颗粒的聚集,增强颗粒的迁移能力.p H和离子浓度对相互作用有显著的影响.当溶液的p H接近等电点时,纳米颗粒表面带正电荷,因电荷屏蔽效应,HA和SDBS在颗粒表面的吸附量增大;随着IS的增加,由于双电层压缩作用,HA及SDBS在纳米Ti O2表面的吸附量也不断增加.最后,讨论了纳米Ti O2颗粒与HA及SDBS的相互作用机制,即可分为聚集、接近和强相互作用3个步骤.同时比较了HA和SDBS与纳米Ti O2颗粒相互作用机制的不同.     

大鼠原代脂肪细胞中单个GLUT4囊泡的成像——全内反射荧光显微成像技术的应用

本研究采用高斯拟合算法与全内反射荧光显微技术（TIRFM），通过实时动态的单粒子追踪拍摄来分析原代培养大鼠脂肪细胞基础条件及胰岛素刺激下细胞膜附近绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记的GLUT4囊泡的运动变化.使用高斯拟合来消除光学成像系统中发生的原始样品中单像素点荧光强度值的污染，重建出囊泡真实的中心点荧光强度值.通过对序列图像中的囊泡点应用高斯拟合和相应的搜索算法，得到所有囊泡的高斯中心点荧光强度值序列，继而描绘出囊泡的动态转运路径.结果表明，基础条件下膜附近的多数GLUT4囊泡处于沿同一路径的快速长距离转运状态；胰岛素刺激后，长距离转运的GLUT4囊泡数量减少，多数GLUT4囊泡固定成团或者在原地摆动呈限制性的运动.当GLUT4囊泡锚定至膜上后，即迅速与膜融合.说明高斯拟合算法及全内反射荧光显微技术的结合可以很好地实现囊泡纳米尺度的三维实时追踪.     

碳纳米管在水性体系中的分散性能及机理

为了探求碳纳米管在水性体系中的有效分散方法及分散性能,以阿拉伯胶(GA)、曲拉通(Tx100)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(TB)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)4种表面活性剂(SAA)为多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)的分散剂,采用SAA超声分散法及酸处理法制备了11种分散液。结合静置离心法研究了不同种类SAA单掺的分散效果,结果表明:单掺GA对MWNTs分散效果最好,离心170 min后才开始分层。首次采用紫外分光光谱吸光度法评价了不同种类SAA复掺及SAA掺量变化对MWNTs分散性能的影响,测试结果表明:复掺Tx100与GA效果最好;当GA掺量为0.45 g/L时效果最好;比较二者分散效果后知:GA掺量为0.45g/L的悬浮液分散效果最佳。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)检测混酸氧化后MWNTs表面的基团,分析可知:经混酸处理后,MWNTs表面成功引入了羟基和羧基等官能团。     

Adsorption of Pb^2＋ on macroporous weak acid adsorbent resin from aqueous solutions： Batch and column studies

The adsorption properties of a novel macroporous weak acid resin (D152) for Pb²⁺ were investigated with chemical methods. The optimal adsorption condition of D152 resin for Pb²⁺ is at pH 6.00 in HAc-NaAc medium. The statically saturated adsorption capacity is 527 mg/g at 298 K. Pb²⁺ adsorbed on D152 resin can be eluted with 0.05 mol/L HCl quantitatively. The adsorption rate constants determined under various temperatures are k _{288 K}=2.22×10⁻⁵ s^t-1, k _{298 K}=2.51×10⁻⁵ s⁻¹, and k _{308 K}= 2.95×10⁻⁵ s⁻¹, respectively. The apparent activation energy, E _a is 10.5 kJ/mol, and the adsorption parameters of thermodynamics are ΔH ^Θ=13.3 kJ/mol, ΔS ^Θ=119 J/(mol·K), and ΔG ^Θ 298 K =−22.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption behavior of D152 resin for Pb²⁺ follows Langmuir model. Foundation item: Project(2008F70059) supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Planning of Zhejiang Province, China     

Bi7Ti4NbO21的合成、酸化及光催化性能

采用化学溶液分解法制备了Aurivillius结构钛酸铋铌化合物Bi₇Ti₄NbO₂₁,并对其进酸化处理。X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction, XRD)表征表明, 500 ℃以上的温度进行热处理,可以制得结晶性良好的Bi₇Ti₄NbO₂₁。 对Bi₇Ti₄NbO₂₁进行浓硝酸酸化处理,可转化为结晶性良好的焦绿石结构钛酸铋化合物Bi₂Ti₂O₇。采用SEM观察了所合成的Bi₇Ti₄NbO₂₁和Bi₂Ti₂O₇的形貌和尺寸。在紫外光照射下对甲基橙的光催化降解实验表明,所合成的钛酸铋铌化合物Bi₇Ti₄NbO₂₁及其酸化产物钛酸铋Bi₂Ti₂O₇均具有良好的光催化活性。试验结果表明,光催化剂颗粒的结晶性及其尺寸对其光催化活性均具有很大影响。550 ℃热处理得到的Bi₇Ti₄NbO₂₁具有最高的催化活性,而将钛酸铋铌酸化处理得到的Bi₂T_i2O₇其光催化性能显著提高,优于标准光催化剂P25。     

石墨与GIC电极在硫酸溶液中的循环伏安特性

为深入认识石墨与石墨层间化合物在Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液中电化学嵌入／脱嵌行为及有关影响因素,探讨其作为二次电池电极材料的可能性,进行了循环伏安测量与充、放电实验。结果表明,Ｈ２ＳＯ４的浓度对两咱电极的嵌入／脱嵌容量、极化大小以及过氧化物的生成等均有较大的影响;     

KMnO4和MnSO4联用处理微污染原水试验研究

KMnO4和MnSO4联用处理微污染原水在一定程度上解决了单纯使用KMnO4在高投量时残余量产生的色度问题和低投量时处理效果不理想的问题，KMnO4和MnSO4联合使用能有效的去除水中有机物和浊度，并对KMnO4投量，KMnO4／MnSO4的最佳投量摩尔比，KMnO4预氧化时间，混合药剂反应时间以及投量对处理效果的影响等进行了一定的研究。