手性磷酸催化α-全碳季碳醛的不对称烯丙基化动力学拆分

手性全碳季碳立体中心的高效构建一直是不对称催化领域的难点和热点.其中,α-全碳季碳非环状醛因具有立体环境拥挤和构象多变性等结构特点,相关不对称合成方法一直发展缓慢.本工作基于手性醛和高烯丙基醇化合物的合成应用重要性,通过Antilla烯丙基化反应,采用2,4,6-三异丙基苯基取代的联萘二酚型手性磷酸催化剂,以较好的产率、立体选择性和选择性系数(最高达到37.0),实现了外消旋α-全碳季碳非环状醛的动力学拆分,为含α-全碳季碳的醛和高烯丙基醇两类手性化合物的合成提供了新思路.     

面包酵母在催化不对称合成中的应用

介绍了当前国内外在以面包酵母为催化剂不对称催化合成手性化合物的研究情况,重点介绍了面包酵母催化各类潜手性羰基的不对称还原、潜手性碳一碳双键的不对称加成和碳一碳键形成的反应情况,讨论了各种提高酵母催化不对称合成反应立体选择性的方法,对酵母催化不对称合成有关生物学方面的研究进行了简单的介绍。     

高分子载体手性催化剂在不对称碳碳键形成中的应用

根据反应类型,综述了近年新发现的用于不对称碳碳键形成中的具有较好催化活性和立体选择性的高分子载体手性催化剂及制备方法.     

高分子支载手性催化剂在Michael反应中的研究进展

高分子手性催化剂用于不对称有机合成,它易与产物分离、可通过适当的处理后回收重复使用;具有毒性或气味的手性催化剂支载在高分子上后,使用更加安全和方便;而且,适当结构的高分子聚合物可以为不对称反应提供更有利的微环境,提高立体选择性.正是这些优点,高分子手性催化剂的研究越来越受到人们的关注.不对称Michael反应是形成手性碳-碳、碳-杂键的重要反应,在有机合成和药物合成中起着重要的作用.本文综述了近年来的高分子手性催化剂在Michael反应中的应用及最新进展.     

有机化合物R/S立体构型的判断技巧

有机化合物中不对称碳原子立体构型R/S的判断是高校有机化学教学中的一个难点。针对不同结构的化合物:开链结构的Fischer投影式、环状化合物以及不含手性碳原子的手性分子,详细探讨了这些化合物的R/S构型判断方法。为初学者准确命名和区分手性碳及手性分子奠定了基础。     

以联萘酚（BINOL）为骨架的轴手性化合物在不对称催化中的研究进展

具有C₂对称轴的1,1′-联二萘酚（BINOL）具有非手性碳的手性旋光构型,此类分子的独特立体结构决定了分子兼具刚性和高的立体控制能力,以联萘酚为骨架衍生的一系列新颖的化合物以其优越的手性控制性能和手性催化剂方面的优良应用而备受关注。本文以有机合成中深具研究前景的不对称催化为切入点,综述了具有手性联萘酚结构的磷酸化合物、联萘酚金属磷酸盐化合物、联萘酚膦化合物以及相关衍生物在不对称催化反应中的研究进展。参考文献36篇。     

纤维素-三(苯基氨基甲酸酯)涂敷氧化锆固定相的制备及硒代缩水甘油醚的拆分

制备并表征了纤维素-三(苯基氨基甲酸酯)涂敷氧化锆手性固定相,并用该固定相直接拆分了3种硒代缩水甘油醚。考察了固定相涂敷量、流动相组成等对手性拆分的影响。讨论了硒代缩水甘油醚分子结构与保留因子、选择性因子和分离因子的关系。结果表明,固定相的羰基和氨基是手性分离的主要部位,固定相的手性空穴是对映体分离产生立体差异的关键,对映体手性碳上连接的基团的立体效应是影响拆分的主要因素。实验结果表明:纤维素-三(苯基氨基甲酸酯)是性能稳定、有很好的手性拆分能力的固定相。     

手性联硼酸酯介导、实用的不对称异喹啉还原偶联反应

正J.Am.Chem.Soc.2017,139,9767～9770联硼化合物作为制备芳基或烷基硼酸酯的重要合成原料被广泛应用于工业中,而利用其还原性在无过渡金属参与下实现碳碳键构建则鲜有报道.利用简便易得的手性联硼酸酯实现高立体选择性的偶联反应将是很有吸引力的有机合成方法.手性双异喹啉既可以作为相转移催化剂,又是重要的手性配体骨架,而现有的手性双异喹啉的合成方     

三级环氧醇与PCC的非对映性氧化反应研究

报道一类新颖的氯铬酸吡啶盐(PCC)与三级环氧醇的非对映选择性氧化反应,就反应的立体选择性、化学选择性和可能的反应机理进行了讨论。该反应不仅可用于制备手性的三级环氧醇,同时还可以用于合成含有手性季碳中心的1,3-二酮。     

三级环氧醇与PCC的非对映性氧化反应研究

报道一类新颖的氯铬酸吡啶盐(PCC)与三级环氧醇的非对映选择性氧化反应,就反应的立体选择性、化学选择性和可能的反应机理进行了讨论。该反应不仅可用于制备手性的三级环氧醇,同时还可以用于合成含有手性季碳中心的1,3-二酮。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.