Effect of lubrication of frictional properties of sutures

The results of this study have provided an insight into the behavior of sutures in the environment of fluids. It has been shown that friction could both increase or decrease with lubrication, depending upon the nature of the application. In tests on straight sutures, lubricants have generally led to an increase in friction. This was found in the present investigation as well as in another study which measured friction in sutures soaked in serum. These results are explained on the basis that higher friction is expected to arise if the lubricant formed a multilayer film between the sliding surfaces. In this instance, the resistance to shear flow by the lubricant becomes the governing factor. On the other hand, if only a small amount of lubricant, such as a monolayer film, is present between surfaces, as expected within the structure of a snugged surgical knot, the lubricant may play the role of decreasing adhesion and, thus, friction.     

454例足月妊娠胎膜早破妊娠结局的临床分析

目的:探讨胎膜早破与分娩方式及围产儿不良结局的关系,为临床围产期保健和并发症防治提供参考。方法:对2005年1月至2008年12月在我院住院分娩的454例足月妊娠无骨盆异常胎膜早破的病例进行回顾性分析。结果:胎膜早破占同期分娩总数的11.76%,无骨盆异常,其难产率为46.47%,剖宫产率为33.7%,新生儿窒息率10.79%,新生儿肺炎发生率1.54%,明显高于对照组。结论:胎膜早破与难产互为因果关系,及时终止妊娠,以改善新生儿预后,减少母婴并发症。     

Patterns of recurrence of primary carcinoma of the vagina

Ninety-two cases of primary carcinoma of the vagina treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital were reviewed from 1961 to 1981. Forty patients were found to have recurrence. Their original clinical stage, location of lesion, histologic subtype, tumor differentiation, and treatment modality were examined to predict recurrence. Staging was the only variable predictive of recurrence. Location of lesion within the vagina was predictive of the site of recurrence. Upper (distal) vagina lesions more commonly recurred locally. In contrast, lower (proximal) lesions were associated with pelvic sidewall and distant recurrence. Adequate staging at the time of initial presentation will have implications on recurrence and prognosis.     

Quality of life of victims of intimate partner violence

OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible correlations of ZPT or ZPTV with clinical outcome following in vitro fertilization. METHODS: Two hundred forty-six embryos were selected for transfer on day 3 with clear image record from 81 IVF-ET cycles. The laser system measurement software was used to measure the ZTP value of each embryo and the ZPTV was computed. Statistical analysis was done using the ANOVA or Chi-square test. RESULTS: Both ZPT and ZPTV declined with women's age. The mean ZPTV of embryos from patients between 30 and 34 years old was significantly higher than that from patients older than 35 (P<0.001). The ZPTV in pregnancy group was significantly higher than that in nonpregnancy group (P<0.005). The clinical pregnancy rate in the group with ZPTV more than 20% was significantly higher than that in the group with ZPTV less than 20% (P<0.05). The ZPTV of high grade embryos was significantly higher than that of low grade embryos (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ZPTV rather than ZPT is an effective parameter to evaluate the embryo quality. Increasing the ZPTV may enhance embryo implantation potential.     

Review of ovarian cancer of the University of Athens

One hundred and eight patients with cancer of the ovaries were studied retrospectively for a period of seventeen years. All the patients were managed in the Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Athens. The symptoms of the patients were: pelvic pain in 43, ascites in 27, metrorrhagia in 23 and weight loss in 12. Fifty six per cent of the patients were between 40 to 60 years old and 63% were menopause. The PAP-smear in 40% was class I or II, in 50% was class III and in 10% was class IV-V. The stage of the disease was: 3 patients stage I, stage II 38, stage III 42 and 25 stage IV. No patient had stage 0. Laparotomy was done in all the patients. Thirty eight patients had Co-treatment and 42 patients chemotherapy. The pathology report was: serous cystadeno-Ca in 40, mucinous cystadeno-Ca in 38 of the cases, adenocarcinoma 18 and 12 other types of malignant tumors. The follow up of the patients showed a five years survival rate in 10% for stage I, 25% for stage II, 5% for stage III and none for stage IV.