磁性ICF靶丸的化学镀工艺制备与表征

采用化学镀工艺在ICF聚苯乙烯靶丸表面包覆了一层磁性的Ni-P合金镀层,并分别用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪以及振动样品磁强计对其形貌、组成、结构和磁性能进行了表征。结果表明：通过化学镀工艺制备的Ni-P合金镀层厚度约为4 μm,且为非晶结构,并具有一定的磁性;该磁性ICF靶丸可望用来进行磁悬浮实验研究。最后,对聚苯乙烯靶丸表面磁性涂层的制备机理进行了讨论。     

磁性ICF玻璃靶丸的化学镀工艺

 采用化学镀工艺在ICF玻璃靶丸表面包覆了一层磁性的Ni-P合金镀层,制备出磁性ICF玻璃靶丸。研究了化学镀主盐质量浓度、还原剂质量浓度、络合剂质量浓度、施镀温度及镀液pH值对沉积速率与镀液稳定性的影响,获得了化学镀制备磁性ICF玻璃靶丸的最佳工艺为：主盐硫酸镍30 g/L,还原剂次亚磷酸钠30 g/L,络合剂柠檬酸钠50 g/L,pH值10,温度(40±2) ℃。     

ICF玻璃靶丸化学镀磁性Ni-P涂层的研究

 采用化学镀方法对ICF空心玻璃微球靶丸进行处理,使其表面均匀包覆一层磁性Ni-P合金镀层,从而使得ICF玻璃靶丸具有一定的磁性,可望用于进行磁悬浮ICF定位打靶实验研究。用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计对涂层的组成、结构、形貌及磁性能进行了表征。结果表明：对 ICF玻璃靶丸进行化学镀处理,其球形度、同心度和壁厚均匀性都与化学镀前未发生明显改变,其饱和磁化强度和矫顽力分别为3.883×10^-3 A/g和1.046×^-3 T。     

ICF玻璃靶丸化学镀磁性Ni-Co-Fe-P四元合金涂层

采用化学镀技术在ICF玻璃靶丸表面均匀包覆一层磁性Ni-Co-Fe-P四元合金涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、能量衍射谱仪和振动样品磁强计对ICF玻璃靶丸表面化学镀Ni-Co-Fe-P四元合金涂层的形貌、组成和磁性能进行了表征。结果表明:化学镀Ni-Co-Fe-P四元合金涂层的ICF玻璃靶丸,表面由平均直径为50 nm的细小颗粒组成,表面粗糙度小,磁性能高,可望用于磁悬浮实验研究。     

热处理温度对化学镀磁性ICF玻璃靶丸特性的影响

 在300,700和1 000 ℃温度下,对化学镀Ni-P合金涂层后的磁性ICF玻璃靶丸进行热处理,通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）对热处理后化学镀ICF玻璃靶丸的结构、形貌和磁性能进行了表征。结果表明：化学镀ICF玻璃靶丸经过热处理后,Ni-P涂层晶化为晶态合金层,涂层的组成颗粒直径和磁性能随着热处理温度的升高而不断增加,可望用于磁悬浮实验研究。     

热处理温度对化学镀磁性ICF玻璃靶丸特性的影响

在300,700和1 000 ℃温度下,对化学镀Ni-P合金涂层后的磁性ICF玻璃靶丸进行热处理,通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）对热处理后化学镀ICF玻璃靶丸的结构、形貌和磁性能进行了表征。结果表明：化学镀ICF玻璃靶丸经过热处理后,Ni-P涂层晶化为晶态合金层,涂层的组成颗粒直径和磁性能随着热处理温度的升高而不断增加,可望用于磁悬浮实验研究。     

ICF靶用泡沫铜的制备与表征

 以次磷酸钠为还原剂的化学镀进行导电化处理,研究了ICF靶用泡沫铜的电沉积工艺。采用扫描电子显微境和X射线衍射仪对制备过程中各阶段泡沫铜的微观结构进行了表征。结果表明：经化学镀后可获得晶粒尺寸小、分布均匀的铜沉积层。电沉积后铜沉积层主要由0.55 μm的小颗粒组成,并且出现突出大颗粒的形貌特征。在氢气氛围下,经700 ℃热处理后,铜颗粒进一步长大,沉积层结晶致密。制备的泡沫铜呈3维网络状结构,分布均匀,密度为0.19 g/cm³,孔径分布为400～600 μm,孔隙率达97.9％。     

ICF模拟靶和低温冷冻气体的表征

由于DT或DD固态层的折射率很低，而且，其厚度只有几微米到几十微米。这使得光通过DT或DD燃料层时产生的光学路径也只有几微米到几十微米，远小于ICF靶丸。因此，尽管长期以来使用传统的光学干涉仪测定透明ICF靶丸的壁厚，它们却很难用来精确测定DT或DD固态层的厚度。相反，全息照相技术允许直接测定燃料层的厚度，而极大地忽略ICF靶丸的壁厚。在现在的研究中，已经建立全息照相装置，并且已用来测量ICF模拟靶丸的壁厚和气体的厚度。     

一种ICF靶用智能靶涂层的结构和性能表征

合成了一种材料N,N′-二苯并咪唑-苝二酰亚胺(PV),经多次真空升华提纯,产率为68%,纯度达95%以上。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、紫外/可见吸收光谱（UV/Vis）、元素分析、热失重分析（TG）对该产物的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明:苝四甲酸二酐（PTCDA）与邻苯二胺反应,易转化成二苯并咪唑苝类衍生物。该PV材料在450～750 nm范围内有两个强的吸收峰,其初始热分解温度约为510 ℃,热稳定性较好。     

Electroless preparation and characterization of magnetic Ni-P plating on polyurethane foam

Magnetic Ni-P plating was coated on surface of polyurethane (PU) foam by electroless plating technique. Morphology, composition, structure, thermal decomposing behavior and magnetic property of PU foam before and after plating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy diffraction spectrum (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared spectrometer (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogrametric analysis (TG) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The results showed that the Ni-P plating was composed by particles whose diameters were in the range of 1-2 μm. Because of the Ni-P plating coated on surface of PU foam, peak intensity of the plated PU foam in IR and XRD were lower than those before plating. TG curves of PU foam before and after plating were composed of two decomposing stages. Because part of Ni in Ni-P plating was oxidized, TG curve of the plated PU foam was uptilt during 650-1000 °C. The plated PU foams are magnetic and can be used in some special application.     

一种ICF靶用智能靶涂层的结构和性能表征

 合成了一种材料N,N′-二苯并咪唑-苝二酰亚胺(PV),经多次真空升华提纯,产率为68%,纯度达95%以上。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、紫外/可见吸收光谱（UV/Vis）、元素分析、热失重分析（TG）对该产物的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明:苝四甲酸二酐（PTCDA）与邻苯二胺反应,易转化成二苯并咪唑苝类衍生物。该PV材料在450～750 nm范围内有两个强的吸收峰,其初始热分解温度约为510 ℃,热稳定性较好。     

Fabrication of patterned gold microstructure by selective electroless plating

Patterned gold microstructures on glass or Si wafers have been fabricated by a novel method which is composed of selective electroless plating and microcontact printing. This process may be widely used for the production of fine metal patterns in printed circuits or as a substrate to form patterned SAMs. In addition, these patterned metal microstructures can be readily transferred to adhesive tape surface to fabricate flexible metal microstructure, which may be applied in all-plastic circuit.     

Growth behavior and magnetic property of electroless NiCoFeP films

The electroless NiCoFeP films were deposited on a silicon substrate in a bath containing Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, and Fe²⁺ ions with a concentration ratio of 1:1.9:1.2. These films were characterized by using transmission electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, and alternating gradient magnetometer for their microstructure, crystal structure, and magnetic properties. The result showed that the film deposited at the initial stage (about 10 s) consists of only one phase with a crystal structure of FCC Ni and a composition about Ni (69 at%), Co (19 at%), Fe (4 at%), and P (7 at%); The film deposited at the latter stage (about 30 s) consists of two phase, one is similar to that of initial stage and the other has crystal structure of HCP Co with a composition about Ni (35 at%), Co (44 at%), Fe (19 at%), and P (2 at%). The saturation magnetization and coercivity of electroless NiCoFeP films vary from 525 to 1546 emu/cm³ [0.68–2.01 T] and from 51.44 to 88.5 Oe [4.09–7.04 kA/m], respectively.     

Fabrication and electrical properties of metal-coated acrylate rubber microspheres by electroless plating

Electroless copper plating on micron-scale acrylate rubber (ACM) microspheres was studied. The core-shell structured Cu-coated ACM microspheres with high conductivity and low density were fabricated by introducing a reaction control method. Via multi-times activating treatment, the acrylate rubber (ACM) microspheres were implanted with more Ag catalytic active centers on the surfaces to promote the formation of coatings. The surface-coating structures and the electrical properties of Cu-coated ACM microspheres were investigated. It was found that the Cu-coated ACM microspheres were a kind of elastic particles. The different coating structures could be produced by controlling the extent of plating reaction. The coated microspheres with different coating structures were conductive, and their volume resistivities decreased remarkably with the increasing of applied pressure and varied with the temperature according to their surface coating structures.     

激光聚变靶丸磁悬浮系统设计

 为实现均匀辐照,ICF靶的无接触支撑是关键,ICF磁靶悬浮是实现无接触支撑的理想途径之一。对ICF靶的磁悬浮系统进行了初步设计,利用超前相位补偿器作为内回路改善系统的稳定性。仿真试验时,系统在初始阶段（0～10 ms）小球出现轻微振荡,之后逐渐趋于稳定,最终到达设定的目标位。悬浮系统控制曲线平滑,调节时间短,这说明ICF靶磁悬浮是可行的。