车载巡回式UV／Fenton装置处理小城镇垃圾渗滤液

为了研究车载巡回处理装置对小城镇垃圾渗滤液的处理效果,采用自制的UV-Fenton试验装置研究了pH值、FeSO_4剂量、反应时间等因素对处理效果的影响,结果表明:最佳pH值为4.0,进水中COD为825 mg/L时,FeSO_4和H_2O_2的投加量分别为0.008 mol/L和0.08 mol/L,此时COD去除率72.22%,出水COD为216 mg/L;随着FeSO_4投加量缓慢增加到一定程度后转而下降,FeSO_4最佳投加量为0.008 mol/L;不同H_2O_2和Fe~(2+)配比对COD去除效果具有影响,(10:1)时为最佳配比。经过氨吹脱和混凝沉淀预处理的渗滤液采用UV/Fenton处理工艺,出水中COD可以达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889-1997)中二级标准。     

三维电极催化氧化技术深度处理垃圾渗滤液

以“A/O-MBR”工艺生化处理后的垃圾渗滤液为研究对象,采用三维电极催化氧化技术深度处理垃圾渗滤液。实验研究了反应时间、电流密度、曝气量、反应初始pH对渗滤液深度处理效果的影响。研究结果表明,三维电极催化氧化技术深度处理垃圾渗滤液的最佳工艺参数为：反应时间60 min,电流密度15 mA/cm2,曝气量500 m L/min,初始pH=5.0。在最佳工艺参数下连续进行渗滤液废水深度处理,实验系统在进水COD均值935 mg/L的情况下,处理出水COD均值201 mg/L,系统运行稳定性较好,COD平均去除率达到78.50%。     

成都周边农村渗滤液污染与处理研究

以成都周边80km范围内的8个行政村为调查对象,对区域内这些村垃圾渗滤液的污染状况、产量、水质进行研究,并探讨臭氧氧化联合活性炭吸附处理该渗滤液的技术可行性。结果表明:生活垃圾集中处理的农村,垃圾渗滤液呈收集点、填埋场或焚烧厂周围的多点污染现象;生活垃圾分散处理的农村,垃圾渗滤液呈排放于农田或河流的面源污染现象;在研究区域内,每村垃圾渗滤液的产量为0.07~0.60 t/d;农村垃圾渗滤液的色度、COD、BOD_5、NH_3-N分别为160~1 735倍、611.24~25 396.25 mg/L、124.13~5 241.44 mg/L、26.341~1 751.950 mg/L,BOD_5/TP、NH_3-N/TP比值在221~449和36~174之间,其水质污染物主要是有机物和氮素的复合污染,且碳氮磷比例严重失调。臭氧氧化探究表明,在25℃、臭氧投量1.30g/h、初始p H为8的条件下,反应50min后,出水p H近中性,出水色度、COD、BOD_5的去除率分别达到了90.39%、90.43%和84.78%。再经活性炭填料吸附后,NH_3-N、TP去除率达72.00%、88.79%。即上述6个指标均达到GB16889-2008中水污染物的特别排放限值,故采用臭氧氧化联合活性炭吸附法处理农村垃圾渗滤液具有绿色、高效和技术可行性。     

两级碟管式反渗透系统在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用

研究了两级碟管式反渗透系统在四川某城市生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理中的应用。研究表明:DTRO仍然存在浓差极化现象;在经过预处理后正常工况下,一级DTRO氨氮的去除率能够达到95.1%~97.8%、脱盐率在96.6%~97.7%,UV254的去除率在96.4%~97.4%;二级DTRO氨氮去除率在86.5%~92.1%,脱盐率在87.2%~89.6%;UV254的去除率仅在10%~40%;随着二级DTRO运行压力的增加,膜通量增加,氨氮去除率与脱盐率则降低。     

人工沸石对Cr(Ⅲ)的吸脱附的实验研究

采用单变量法研究了人工沸石对Cr3+的最佳吸附粒径、最佳吸附反应条件和吸附动力学。结果表明,在Cr3+初始浓度为20mg/L、沸石投放量为10g/L时,最佳粒径为80目;在Cr3+初始浓度为50mg/L、沸石投放量为10g/L时,最佳振荡时间为70min;Cr3+浓度在20～70mg/L范围内时,人工沸石饱和吸附量随Cr3+的初始浓度增加而增加,二者近似于指数关系;人工沸石吸附Cr3+的过程主要为化学吸附,受表面扩散和颗粒内扩散过程控制。脱附实验表明洗脱性价比最佳的洗脱剂(NaCl)浓度为10g/L,洗脱微振荡-静置沉降最佳时间分布为:微振荡10min,静置沉降50min,洗脱两次后吸附效率下降25%～30%。     

火电脱硫废水零排放技术的探讨

以新疆某火力发电厂脱硫废水为研究对象,组装管式微滤小试装置,对经软化预处理后的脱硫废水进行过滤小试研究,探讨管式微滤膜对火电脱硫废水的处理效果。研究结果表明:针对单组管式微滤的最佳操作压力为0.08 MPa,此时进水流量控制在7 L/min左右,产水率为53.7%,钙离子去除率为87.43%,镁离子去除率为89.36%,提高了脱硫废水预处理效率。研究结果为火电行业脱硫废水零排放和水资源循环再利用提供理论支持和数据支撑。     

SBBR处理垃圾渗滤液初探

本文初步研究了用SBBR法处理垃圾渗滤液的处理效果。在驯养结束后的20个连续运行周期里,控制曝气量为250 L/h,温度为27℃,有机负荷为0.4 Kg(BOD5)/m3.d。当系统进水CODCr,NH3-N分别为810 mg/L和93 mg/L时,系统出水CODCr,NH3-N分别为160 mg/L和28 mg/L,运行结果表明:该系统在此条件下可以稳定运行。在此基础上,维持有机负荷和温度不变,在曝气量为150 L/h,200 L/h,250 L/h时分别测定不同进水水质时CODCr,氨氮的去除率。实验结果表明:当气量为250 L/h时,CODCr的去除率随进水CODCr浓度的升高而升高;当进水CODCr为790 mg/L时,CODCr的去除率随气量的升高而升高,去除率为65.78%~79.68%,并且在1小时以后有较高的去除率。稳定运行8小时之后,去除率较接近各自的最高去除率。当气量为250 L/h时,氨氮的去除率随进水氨氮浓度的升高而降低;当进水氨氮较低时(低于50 mg/L),氨氮的去除率随曝气量的升高而升高,去除率为62.07%~97.69%。     

火电行业脱硫废水除垢技术小试实验研究

本文以新疆某火力发电厂脱硫废水为研究对象,通过实验室软化预处理小试研究,为火电行业脱硫废水零排放提供理论支持和数据支撑。研究结果表明:在该火电厂脱硫废水软化预处理过程中沉淀剂(NaOH/Na_2CO_3)最佳投加顺序为先投加NaOH沉淀Mg~(2+),后加Na_2CO_3沉淀Ca~(2+);最佳投加量为n(NaOH)/n(Mg~(2+))=6:1, n(Na_2CO_3)/n(Ca~(2+))=1:1,该脱硫废水中Ca~(2+)/Mg~(2+)的去除率可以达到99%以上,脱硫废水硬度(以CaCO_3计)低于450 mg/L,为火电脱硫废水后续处理提供水质保证。     

微电解法预处理硝基苯废水的研究

硝基苯废水是一种难处理且具有致癌性的有毒废水,选择废铁屑铁碳还原的预处理工艺处理硝基苯废水,初步探讨了铁碳池中微电解的工作原理,实验结果表明：当进水水质OCMn（mg/L）28.8;硝基苯浓度100mg/L时,经过铁碳还原工段处理,即可达到如下出水水质效果：OCMn（mg/L）7.5;硝基苯浓度10.4mg/L.结果显示：这种处理的硝基苯去除率达到89.6%;OCMn的去除率为73.4%.     

Fenton法预处理分子筛制造废水的实验研究

采用Fenton法预处理钛硅分子筛制造废水,通过单因素实验确定其最佳工艺条件:pH=4,H2O2=120mL/L,FeSO47H2O=20g/L,反应时间为40min。结果表明,此条件下COD去除率可达80%。     

膜生物反应器脱氮除碳环境的研究

利用膜生物反应器研究垃圾填埋场垃圾渗滤运行环境,在常温环境下,运行结果表明：膜能够截留大量并使世代时间长的硝化菌在最短的时间富集成为优势菌种,对垃圾渗滤液中氨氮具有高效的去除效率;氨氮负荷0.082~0.109gN/gMLSS.d,CODC r负荷0.136~0.192g CODC r/gMLSS.d,DO 2.0~3.5mg/L,脱除氨氮的效果较好,去除率在95%~98%,CODC r去除率60%~70%。     

中温厌氧消化垃圾焚烧发电厂渗滤液的试验研究

采用逐渐提高有机负荷的半连续进料方式,研究中温(35℃左右)条件下,猪粪为接种物,厌氧消化焚烧发电厂垃圾渗滤液的消化规律。试验以5%为单位,由5%体积负荷渗滤液起开始填料,逐步提高至35%的体积负荷。试验进行的7个负荷,消化系统pH值稳定在7.2~7.8之间,碱度、氨氮浓度较高,分别在7803~17948 mg/L、673~1630 mg/L之间,为系统提供了良好的酸碱缓冲环境。低负荷时,VFA值较低,生物气中甲烷含量稳定在60%左右;高负荷时,随着渗滤液的加入,VFA值波动较大,甲烷含量也随VFA值的变化起伏波动(25%负荷时,甲烷含量出现峰值,高达75.5%)。消化系统共进料2800 mL渗滤液(即197.3 gCODCr),累计产气量83086 mL,平均每gCODCr产沼气约421.1 mL(平均gCODcr产甲烷约273.7 mL)。进水渗滤液CODCr浓度为70472 mg/L,实验结束时,消化液CODCr浓度降至3373 mg/L,CODCr去除率高达95.2%。     

低渗透油田压裂废水处理技术实验研究

通过低渗透油田压裂废水处理系列实验,研究了降黏预处理-Fe/C微电解-絮凝处理技术,有效地降低了废水的COD,考察H2O2、pH、Fe/C比例、Fe/C加量、Ca(OH)2加量及反应时间等影响因素。结果表明此实验的优化工艺条件为:H2O2加量0.5%、pH为1、Fe/C比例1∶1、Fe/C加量5g/L、Ca(OH)2加量3g/L、反应时间120min。     

LDO处理垃圾渗滤液中氮的实验研究

研究了复合金属氧化物（LDO）用于处理垃圾渗滤液中氮的可行性,并与传统吸附剂粉末活性炭（PAC）进行了比较,考察了投加量、振荡速度、吸附时间、吸附温度、pH等因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明,当垃圾渗滤液中总氮浓度为561mg/L、LDO投加量为6g/L、振荡速度为170r/min、吸附时间为60min、温度为25℃、pH值为11时,LDO对总氮的吸附量最高,达到41mg/g。在相同条件下,LDO对总氮的吸附量是PAC的2.5—3.5倍。     

Response surface optimization of acid red 119 dye from simulated wastewater using Al based waterworks sludge and polyaluminium chloride as coagulant

In this research, the performance of Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) and Polyaluminium Chloride sludge (PACS) as coagulants for acid red 119 (AR119) dye removal from aqueous solutions were compared. The sample of PACS was collected from "Baba Sheikh Ali" water treatment plant (Isfahan, Iran) where PAC is used as a coagulant in the coagulation/flocculation process. A response surface methodology was applied to evaluate the simple and combined effects of the operating variables including initial pH, coagulant dosage and initial dye concentration and to optimize the operating conditions of the treatment process. Results reveal that the optimal conditions for dye removal were initial pH 3.42, coagulant dosage of 4.55 g dried PACS/L and initial dye concentration of 140 mg/L for PACS, while the optimal initial pH, coagulant dosage and initial dye concentration for PAC were 3.8, 57 mg/L and 140 mg/L, respectively. Under these optimal values of process parameters, the dye removal efficiency of 94.1% and 95.25% was observed for PACS and PAC, respectively. Although lower amount of PAC in comparison with PACS was needed for specific dye removal, the reuse of PACS as a low-cost material can offer some advantages such as high efficiency for AR119 dye removal and economic savings on overall water and wastewater treatment plant operation costs.     

基于碟管式反渗透处理垃圾渗滤液的应用分析

为了在达标排放的基础上降低建设规模为Ⅲ类、Ⅳ类型(中小型)垃圾填埋场处理垃圾渗滤液的人工及成本投入,提高系统稳定性,分析了泗县垃圾填埋场2018年3~12月渗滤液处理的运行状况。通过采用“预处理+两级碟管式反渗透+吹脱”的高度自动化工艺对垃圾渗滤液进行处理。结果表明:使用该系统处理后出水COD_Cr浓度低于26mg/L,NH3-N浓度低于15mg/L,各项出水指标均满足排放标准的要求,系统自动化程度高、稳定性好、且工程总投入834万元、运行期间处理每吨渗滤液花费为56.18元,成本较低适用性好。     

黄浦江上游原水强化处理选炭试验研究

以黄浦江上游水源为原水,通过煤质炭、竹质炭、椰壳炭等炭种筛选小试和中试试验,研究了黄浦江上游原水中有机污染物强化去除的最佳炭种及其最佳投加量。结果表明黄浦江上游原水中投加PAC能够改善处理后水质,提高原水中有机物的去除效果;并且随着PAC投加量的增加,原水中有机物去除效果增强;综合性价比、碳源等因素确定竹质炭较为经济合理;当竹质炭投加量为10～15mg/L时,处理后出水CODMn可达到3mg/L或以下。     

Quality and Quantity of Leachate in Aerobic Pilot-Scale Landfills

In this study, two pilot-scale aerobic landfill reactors with (A1) and without (A2) leachate recirculation are used to obtain detailed information on the quantity and quality of leachate in aerobic landfills. The observed parameters of leachate quality are pH, chloride (Cl⁻), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), and nitrate (NO₃^–-N). pH values of the leachate increased to 7 after 50 days in reactor A1 and after 70 days in reactor A2. Cl⁻ concentrations increased rapidly to 6100 (A1) and 6900 (A2) mg/L after 80 days, from initial values of 3000 and 2800 mg/L, respectively. COD and BOD values decreased rapidly in the A1 landfill reactor, indicating the rapid oxidation of organic matter. The BOD/COD ratio indicates that leachate recirculation slightly increases the degradation of solid waste in aerobic landfills. NH₃-N concentrations decreased as a result of the nitrification process. Denitrification occurred in parts of the reactors as a result of intermittent aeration; this process causes a decrease in NO₃⁻ concentrations. There is a marked difference between the A1 and A2 reactors in terms of leachate quantity. Recirculated leachate made up 53.3% of the leachate generated from the A1 reactor during the experiment, while leachate quantity decreased by 47.3% with recirculation when compared with the aerobic dry landfill reactor.     

Leachate characterization in semi-aerobic and anaerobic sanitary landfills: A comparative study

This study analyzes and compares the results of leachate composition at the semi-aerobic Pulau Burung Landfill Site (PBLS) (unaerated pond and intermittently aerated pond) and the anaerobic Kulim Sanitary Landfill in the northern region of Malaysia. The raw samples were collected and analyzed for twenty parameters. The average values of the parameters such as phenols (1.2, 6.7, and 2.6 mg/L), total nitrogen (448, 1200, and 300 mg/L N-TN), ammonia-N (542, 1568, and 538 mg/L NH₃-N), nitrite (91, 49, and 52 mg/L NO₂^?-N), total phosphorus (21, 17, and 19 mg/L), BOD₅ (83, 243, and 326 mg/L), COD (935, 2345, and 1892 mg/L), BOD₅/COD (0.096,0.1124,0.205%), pH (8.20, 8.28, and 7.76), turbidity (1546, 180, and 1936 Formazin attenuation units (FAU)), and color (3334, 3347, and 4041 Pt Co) for leachate at the semi-aerobic PBLS (unaerated and intermittently aerated) and the anaerobic Kulim Sanitary Landfill were recorded, respectively. The obtained results were compared with previously published data and data from the Malaysia Environmental Quality Act 1974. The results indicated that Pulau Burung leachate was more stabilized compared with Kulim leachate. Furthermore, the aeration process in PBLS has a considerable effect on reducing the concentration of several pollutants. The studied leachate requires treatment to minimize the pollutants to an acceptable level prior to discharge into water courses.