电絮凝浮选法处理含油废水实验

在设制的电絮凝浮选法处理含油废水的实验工艺流程中，进行了不同电极、电流密度和电絮凝时间对除油效果影响的试验。确定适宜的实验参数后，对炼油厂含油废水进行了综合处理，结果油份去除率最高为９６％，悬浮物去除率最高为９７％，表明该法处理含油废水效果好。图３表３     

树脂吸附法处理含邻苯二甲酸的废水

研究了含邻苯二甲酸的 1 ,4 -二羟基蒽醌染料生产废水的治理问题。采用树脂吸附工艺 ,当进水中邻苯二甲酸质量浓度为 50 0 0～ 70 0 0mg/L、CODCr为 80 0 0～ 1 0 0 0 0mg/L时 ,经处理后分别降至 1 0 0mg/L以下 ,吸附后的树脂用稀碱解吸 ,脱附率大于 99 8%。邻苯二甲酸回收率≥ 90 % ,晶体纯度高达 99 6%以上。处理后的出水可依据厂家要求回用到水洗工段作洗涤水或经简单中和后直接排放。在有效处理高浓度有机化工废水的同时实现了资源化。     

兰炭末吸附法在处理电脱盐废水中的应用研究

针对电脱盐废水有机物含量高,导致后端污水处理系统运行稳定性差、操作成本高等难题,采用兰炭末物理吸附预处理技术,通过静态吸附和动态吸附评价实验、扫描电镜（SEM）、比表面积测试等表征分析,研究了不同条件下兰炭末对电脱盐废水的吸附性能,尤其探讨了兰炭末的孔径分布和粒径大小对有机物的脱除影响。研究表明,中大孔兰炭末粒径筛选至15 mm以上,吸附塔填料高径比为4∶1,废液流速为0.6 L/h时,可将电脱盐废水COD值由13 000 mg/L降低至1 000 mg/L以下,兰炭末与废水饱和吸附质量比为1∶10,最大吸附时间为10 h。     

用环隙式离心萃取器处理含酚废水的研究

采用环隙式离心萃取器对不同含酚废水及萃取剂体系进行三级萃取试验以及回收萃取剂的反萃取试验。结果表明,酚的萃取率可达９７％,。反萃取率接近１００％,基本达到反萃取完全,而且进行了处理实际工业废水的试验,单级传质级效率约达９１％,三级逆流萃取时酚萃取率约９９％,建立了一个同时计入两相体积变化,传质雍相夹带的多级逆流萃取 计算模型,模型计算值与实测值吻合较好。     

膜蒸馏法对含甲醇废水的处理实验研究

采用自制中空纤维膜蒸馏组件对油田联合站含甲醇污水进行膜蒸馏处理研究,考虑了影响甲醇通量的因素,如料液温度、浓度、流速以及载液流速等,找到了最佳的工作条件。在料液温度45℃,载液温度20℃,两侧流速为11.5mL/min的条件下,膜通量约为0.45×10~(-3)kg/(m~2·h)。质量浓度高达10mg/mL的甲醇水溶液经处理后可降至0.03mg/mL以下。     

树脂吸附法处理2,4-D丁酯氯化含酚废水

采用国产新型大孔吸附树脂XDA对除草剂 2 ,4-D丁酯生产过程中苯酚氯化工序产生的含氯代苯酚的酸性废水进行了动态吸附处理 ,研究了影响吸附的各种因素。实验表明 ,温度 3 5～ 45℃、流率不高于每小时 6倍树脂床体积 (BV·h- 1 )的条件下 ,氯代苯酚和苯酚的除去效率在 99%以上 ;温度 65～ 80℃、质量分数为 5 %的NaOH溶液作解吸剂 ,解吸效率达到 98%。含氯代苯酚钠大约 4% (质量分数 )的碱性解吸液直接返回到氯化车间 ,苯酚钠和过量的NaOH都得到利用 ,实现了污染治理和污染物的资源化 ,具有良好的环境效益和经济效益。     

表面活性剂在泡沫浮选分离中的应用

泡沫浮选分离技术是近几十年发展较快的分离技术之一。基于表面活性剂的泡沫浮选分离技术具有分离和浓缩功能,并以界面吸附为基础。本文通过对分离机理及影响因素的分析,探讨了表面活性剂在泡沫浮选分离中的重要作用,简述了表面活性剂在泡沫浮选分离中的应用前景。     

降低表面活性剂在碳酸盐油藏中的吸附

该文对阴、阳离子表面活性剂在碳酸盐矿物质上的吸附状况进行了比较，结果表明：在一般情况下，碳酸盐矿物质对阳离子表面活性剂的吸附作用明显低于阴离子表面活性剂。结果还表明：添加二价阳离子会使阳离子表面活性剂在碳酸盐矿物质上的吸附作用显著降低，而在有阴离子表面活性剂沉积的环境中，不适于采用阳离子表面活性剂。因此，建议在CO2混相驱油工艺中采用阳离子表面活性剂。     

大孔树脂吸附处理邻苯二胺废水工艺研究

采用ＤＡ２０１－ＣⅢ 型大孔吸附树脂对邻苯二胺废水进行吸附和脱附处理。结果表明,在吸附流速为２ＢＶ／ｈ（ＢＶ为树脂床体积）,吸附温度为２５℃,废水初始ｐＨ 值为１３的优化条件下,单柱吸附能力为１２ＢＶ,邻苯二胺脱除率大于９８．８％;采用工业乙醇在６０℃,以１ＢＶ／ｈ的流速脱附吸附饱和的大孔树脂,当脱附剂体积为３ＢＶ时,邻苯二胺脱附率可达９９．５％;在最佳吸附和脱附条件下,连续进行１５次动态吸附－脱附实验,邻苯二胺吸附率为９８．８％ ～９９．８％,脱附率为９９．１％ ～９９．８％。     

用Al（OH）3提高共聚甲醛阻燃性的研究

研究了在共聚甲醛中加入Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３或Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２后，产物的阻燃性及力学性能。结果表明：Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３加入量占共聚甲醛的６０％时，产物完全不燃；Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２的阻燃效果较差。加入硬脂酸锌可明显改进其流动性。二者并用可明显增加共混材料的强度及流动性。     

微电解法处理餐饮业含油废水

采用微电解法对餐饮业含油废水进行处理。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为铁/焦炭(质量比)6∶1,固液比[m(铁 焦炭)/V(废水)]50 g/L,反应池中废水的pH值为3,沉淀池中废水的pH值为10。在此条件下,污染物去除率为油96.31%,CODC r86.84%,SS 97.65%,浊度99.78%,色度75.00%。     

Treatment of drilling wastewater using a weakly Dasic resin

Macroporous weak basic anion exchanger(D301R)was used to remove organic substances from drilling wastewater.The effect of pH,temperature and contact time on adsorption behavior was investigated in batch experiments,which indicated that the COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand)removal ratio of drilling wastewater was approximately 90%.and the COD of treated wastewater was below 70 mg/L under appropriate operating conditions.A mixed liquor of NaOH and NaCl was selected as desorbent because of its better elution performance.The results of column dynamic adsorption and regeneration showed that the COD of wastewater could be efficiently removed bv D301R resin,and the resin was easily regenerated by the selected desorbent.     

Treatment of drilling wastewater using a weakly basic resin

Macroporous weak basic anion exchanger （D301R） was used to remove organic substances from drilling wastewater. The effect of pH, temperature and contact time on adsorption behavior was investigated in batch experiments, which indicated that the COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand） removal ratio of drilling wastewater was approximately 90%, and the COD of treated wastewater was below 70 mg/L under appropriate operating conditions. A mixed liquor of NaOH and NaCI was selected as desorbent because of its better elution performance. The results of column dynamic adsorption and regeneration showed that the COD of wastewater could be efficiently removed by D301R resin, and the resin was easily regenerated by the selected desorbent.     

硅藻土与无机絮凝剂复配吸附处理焦化废水

分别以硅藻土、硅藻土与氯化铝、硅藻土与氯化铁为吸附剂,考察并对比了3种吸附体系对焦化废水的处理效果。结果表明,硅藻土与铝盐和铁盐等无机絮凝剂复配后,对焦化废水的处理效果显著提高,其与氯化铝复配的吸附效果要优于与氯化铁复配。硅藻土与氯化铝复配时,当m(氯化铝)/m(硅藻土)为1时,其对焦化废水的处理效果最佳,化学需氧量、浊度、色度和UV254去除率分别为40.14%,38.82%,37.81%,11.56%;与氯化铁复配时,当m(氯化铁)/m(硅藻土)为1时,其对焦化废水的处理效果最佳,化学需氧量、浊度、色度和UV254去除率分别为36.01%,33.45%,19.35%,5.87%。     

Dearomatization of normal paraffin by adsorption process using synthesized NaX zeolite

Linear alkyl benzenes (LABs) are the main materials for detergent production. The presence of aromatic compounds in this material can decrease the quality of the final product and enhance the deactivation rate of catalysts. In this research we used zeolite NaX for de-aromatization of the recycled paraffin from the alkylation unit of an LAB production complex. The effect of different parameters on the removal efficiency of adsorbent was studied and optimized. To study the re-usability of the adsorbent, the breakthrough curves were obtained by using a fixed bed column filled with the adsorbent. The results indicated that the adsorbent capacity remained unchanged after three regeneration cycles. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. It was concluded that the Langmuir model agreed well with the experimental data. The calculated thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. The reaction rate was estimated by the pseudo-second order kinetic model.     

含BF4^-工业废水处理技术进展

综述了近年来国内外在处理含BR4^-工业废水方面的技术进展,介绍了化学水解法、钾盐沉淀法、离子交换法、吸附法和泡沫分离法的工艺原理及处理效果,指出经济、高效的废水处理工艺及含氟废水的综合利用是未来的发展方向。     

膜分离技术处理丙烯腈装置含氰废水

采用超滤和反渗透膜组合分离工艺处理丙烯腈含氰废水,研究了反渗透膜型号及其组合方式对处理效果的影响,并对处理稳定性进行了评价。结果表明,采用超滤和反渗透膜组合技术处理丙烯腈含氰废水,两级反渗透膜均采用陶氏反渗透膜,pH值调节为9.5～10.5时处理效果最佳。在上述条件下,废水的化学需氧量(COD)下降率达到83.31%,氰根去除率达到51.08%,经过27d的稳定性试验,氰根平均去除率为70.00%。