聚乙烯醇接枝丝素蛋白的制备和性能

利用环氧氯丙烷通过非均相共价接枝反应将丝素蛋白分子接枝到聚乙烯醇大分子上,制备了以丝素蛋白分子为支链结构、以聚乙烯醇为主链的新型大分子聚乙烯醇接枝丝素(PVA-g-SF)。介绍了制备反应原理,通过FT-IR、DSC测试对接枝反应进行了验证,并通过单因子实验分析讨论了反应温度、反应时间、丝素溶液浓度对丝素接枝效率的影响,优选出了最佳反应条件。最终发现:丝素蛋白分子成功接枝到了聚乙烯醇分子上,并且当反应温度为40℃、反应时间为4h、丝素溶液浓度为10%时,丝素蛋白的最大接枝效率可达13.54%。     

储能微球的制备

通过悬浮聚合法合成了石蜡聚苯乙烯微球,研究了合成过程中复合介质的配比及用量对微球粒径分布的影响。     

磁性高分子微球的制备及应用

本文对新型功能材料磁性高分子微球的组成、制备方法、应用及其发展前景进行了简要介绍     

纳米TiO2诱导复合丝素蛋白膜二级结构转变的研究

用溶胶凝胶法制备不同比例纳米TiO2改性再生蚕丝丝素蛋白复合膜.SEM与动态光散射纳米粒度分析仪测试结果表明,该丝素膜中纳米TiO2均匀分散在丝素中,TiO2粒径在100nm以下,同时纳米TiO2在丝素中粒径大小主要决定于凝胶过程,成膜过程对粒径大小影响不大;该丝素膜的二级结构用FTIR、XRD、Raman进行表征.测试结果表明,纯丝素膜中存在SilkⅠ向SilkⅡ两种结晶结构,随着纳米TiO2的生成,可使复合丝素膜的结晶结构从SilkⅠ向SilkⅡ转化,但当纳米TiO2的加入超过一定量时,又破坏复合丝素膜的结晶结构.     

聚苯乙烯微球的可控制备研究

分别采用无皂乳液聚合法和分步乳液聚合法,使用过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为乳化剂制得单分散PS微米球和纳米球。讨论了引发剂、稳定剂、乳化剂等因素对PS球粒径大小的影响。研究表明,在一定范围内随着KPS、PVP、SDS用量的增加,PS球粒径逐渐变小,而粒径分布不变。通过调整KPS、PVP、SDS的用量,可以在10～1000nm范围内实现PS球的可控制备。     

5-氟尿嘧啶载药微球的制备工艺及性能研究

以PLA为载体材料,以5-Fu为模型药物,制备5-Fu/PLA载药微球,通过正交设计优化微球制备工艺.另外,检测了载药微球的回收率、稳定性、缓释性能等物理性质.用紫外分光光度计测定药物含量,激光粒度仪分析粒径. 结果表明,载药微球的平均粒径为(133.2±32.5)nm,平均包封率为(11.3±5.0)%,缓释时间延长至80～100h,具有良好的缓释功能.     

The preparation of cubic boron nitride films by reactive diode sputtering

The preparation of cubic boron nitride by r.f. reactive diode sputtering with a high negative substrate bias is reported. The structure and the composition of the films were determined using transmission electron diffraction, Rutherford backscattering and the nuclear reactions ¹¹B(p, α)⁸Be and ¹⁴N(d, α)¹³C. IR absorption spectra were also taken.     

CS/n-HA复合微球的制备与表征

在CS载药微球和n-HA载药的基础上探索新的复合药物载体材料,以戊二醛为交联剂采用乳化交联法制得CS/n-HA复合微球,并采用SEM、XRD、IR及激光粒度测试等手段对复合微球进行分析表征.结果表明,CS/n-HA复合微球球形度较好,微球表面致密;复合微球样品的中位粒径D50为20μm,大部分分布在10～50μm范围内;复合后CS/n-HA微球中的n-HA结晶状态未发生明显变化,而CS的结晶程度有所降低;CS/n-HA复合微球的形成主要是基于CS和戊二醛的Schiff碱反应.     

The preparation and properties of monodisperse core-shell silica magnetic microspheres

The monodisperse core-shell silica magnetic microspheres (MMS) were synthesized by sol–gel method gelling in the emulsion. Optical microscope (OM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), nitrogen adsorption and desorption Brunauer Emmett Teller Procedure (BET) isotherms and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore size distribution measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to characterize the appearance, size distribution, phase, specific surface area, chemical composition and magnetic property of silica MMS. The results showed that silica MMS prepared through sol–gel method with acid-alkali two-step catalyze and gelling in emulsion exhibited the superior core-shell structure and size distribution of the microspheres concentrated in about 20 μm. The main phase of microspheres was amorphous silica and spinel ferroferric oxide. Meanwhile, the microspheres remained the superparamagnetic behavior and could be used as biomaterials. This work is supported by both National Science Foundation 50572072 and Science & Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (STCSM) 0452nm059.     

The development of injectable gelatin/silk fibroin microspheres for the dual delivery of curcumin and piperine

The objective of this study was to develop the microspheres from gelatin (G) and silk fibroin (SF) aimed to be applied for the controlled release of curcumin and piperine. The glutaraldehyde-crosslinked G/SF microspheres at various weight blending ratios (100/0, 70/30, 50/50, and 30/70) were successfully fabricated by water in oil emulsion technique. The microspheres prepared from all compositions were in a round shape with homogeneous size distribution both in the dried (194–217 μm) and swollen states (297–367 μm). When subjected in collagenase solution at physiological condition, the G microspheres gradually degraded within 14 days while the blended G/SF microspheres, particularly at 50/50 and 30/70, were not degraded. For the release application, the microspheres were loaded with curcumin and/or piperine. It was found that the microspheres composed of SF tended to entrap curcumin and piperine with the high entrapment and loading efficiencies, possibly due to their hydrophobic interactions. The G/SF microspheres, particularly at the ratios of 50/50 and 30/70, released curcumin and piperine in a sustained manner both for the single and dual release systems. The controlled dual release of curcumin and piperine from the G/SF microspheres would prolong their half-life, provide the optimal concentrations for therapeutic effects at a target site, and improve the bioavailability of curcumin. These novel injectable microspheres dually releasing curcumin and piperine would be introduced for the treatment of diseases without the need of operation.     

淀粉微球的制备及其工艺的优化

以可溶性淀粉为原料,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAA)及环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为交联剂,利用反相悬浮聚合法合成了淀粉微球,通过单因素实验和正交实验对制备工艺进行了优化,利用粒度分析仪、红外光谱仪对产物进行了表征.结果表明:MBAA用量及油水相体积比是影响微球粒径的主要因素;所得微球粒度分布范围较窄,具有多种活性基团,可用作药物载体和吸附剂.     

Improvements of anticoagulant activities of silk fibroin films with fucoidan

Fucoidan (FC), an effective anticoagulant constituent extracted from brown algae, was introduced into silk fibroin (SF) for improving its blood compatibility. The SF and SF/FC blend films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic contact angle determinator (CA). The in vitro anticoagulant activities of the films were evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) measurements. The endothelial cell attachment and proliferation viability on the film were assessed by micropipette aspiration technique and MTT assay, respectively. The testing results indicated that the introduction of FC increased the roughness, hydrophilicity and sulfate component of the film surface without impeding the formation of β-sheet conformation in SF. More important, FC brought excellent anticoagulant activity and better endothelial cell affinity to SF. The SF/FC blend film was hopeful to be used as blood-contacting biomaterials.     

Improvements of anticoagulant activities of silk fibroin films with fucoidan

Fucoidan (FC), an effective anticoagulant constituent extracted from brown algae, was introduced into silk fibroin (SF) for improving its blood compatibility. The SF and SF/FC blend films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic contact angle determinator (CA). The in vitro anticoagulant activities of the films were evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) measurements. The endothelial cell attachment and proliferation viability on the film were assessed by micropipette aspiration technique and MTT assay, respectively. The testing results indicated that the introduction of FC increased the roughness, hydrophilicity and sulfate component of the film surface without impeding the formation of ?-sheet conformation in SF. More important, FC brought excellent anticoagulant activity and better endothelial cell affinity to SF. The SF/FC blend film was hopeful to be used as blood-contacting biomaterials.     

微米二氧化硅微球的制备研究进展

以聚合诱导胶体凝聚法、种子生长法、模板法和反相乳液法等制备方法为主线,综述制备微米二氧化硅微球的最新研究进展,同时以所得微球的性能为考察重点,对各种方法进行评价与展望;提出通过硅酸钠等低成本硅原料取代硅酸酯制备高性能硅微球是未来研究重点;改变种子生长法中溶剂的种类、制备粒径更大的单分散微球并进行理论探究成为种子生长法的研究方向;采用模板法对聚合诱导胶体凝聚法制备的微球孔结构进行重组完善,得到纯度较高、机械强度和比表面积较大的微米有序介孔二氧化硅微球,进而用于高性能色谱柱的制备以及生物催化等领域,发展前景可观。     

聚乳酸改性丝素膜的性能研究

用不同分子量的聚乳酸共混改性丝素,研究结果表明,与纯的丝素膜相比,共混合膜的力学性能明显提高,透汽性也有所提高,但透湿性略有下降;聚乳酸的分子量对共混膜的力学性能、透湿性均有一定的影响,但对共混膜的透汽性影响不大.FTIR和XRD表征结果表明聚乳酸的加入丝素分子β构像的含量明显增多;用Vigot 函数以1265和1235cm-1为中心在1200～1300cm-1之间对红外光谱进行了分峰,用I1265/1235cm-1来表征混合膜中β构像丝素分子的含量,结果表明比例为5/100的聚乳酸/丝素共混膜中,丝素分子β构像含量最多,为0.64.     

MgZnO薄膜的制备及其光电特性

采用射频磁控溅射用x=0.00～0.45的MgxZn1-xO陶瓷靶在Si（100）和石英衬底上生长一系列的MgxZn1-xO薄膜。用XRD、XPS、透射谱和光电导谱对样品进行表征。结果表明用MgxZn1-xO薄膜在x≤0.325时具有单一（002）取向的六方结构,其禁带宽度Eg随x增加而增大,在薄膜表面入射光能量大于禁带宽度时有光电响应,并且在x=0.325时得到了禁带宽度为4.90eV的MgxZn1-xO薄膜。在x≥0.40时出现立方相结构,禁带宽度有所减小,说明此时已为混相薄膜。     

Preparation and characterization of sputtered Cu films containing insoluble Nb

Copper films containing various amounts of insoluble Nb (up to 24.7 at.%) were prepared by r.f. magnetron sputtering. The crystallography and microstructure of the films were investigated for as-deposited and annealed Cu(Nb) thin films. Cu(Nb) thin films are found to consist of non-equilibrium supersaturated solid solution of Nb in Cu with a nanocrystalline microstructure. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope analyses revealed a reduction in the grain sizes of the films with increasing Nb content in the films leading to a grain refinement. The electrical resistivity of as-deposited and annealed Cu(Nb) thin films is found to be low for an Nb content 2.7 at.%. Significant drops in the resistivity were observed for the high Nb contents after annealing at 530 °C which may be due to grain growth and formation of Nb-bearing phase in the film. Microhardness of the films was found to increase with the Nb concentration due to the combined effects of grain refinement and the solute strengthening of Nb.     

The preparation of YBCO epitaxial superconducting films by a chemical solution deposition process

The utility of a chemical precursor solution for the production of YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x superconducting films has been investigated. The homogeneous precursor solution made of metal acetates, 1,3-bis(dimethylamino) -2-propanol, and acetic acid was applied to [1 0 0] MgO substrates via spin-coating. Subsequent heating and sintering removed the organic components. The best epitaxial film obtained by this chemical solution deposition method has a T_c of 78 K.     

负离子聚合物微球的制备研究

首先采用不同的偶联剂对超细负离子粉进行表面改性,再分散到由甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、热塑性聚氨酯(PU)以及过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)组成的混合物中,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,采用悬浮聚合的方法合成包含有负离子粉的聚合物微球。结果表明,2.5%的硅烷偶联剂有较好的表面处理效果;聚合物微球的粒径越大能够包含的负离子粉越多;随聚氨酯添加量的增加,微球中负离子粉的平均含量及负离子粉的有效利用率均大幅上升。