氧化石墨烯片层大小对其修饰电极探测汞离子的影响

研究了石墨烯衍生物片层尺寸对Hg~(2+)检测的影响。通过超声制得片层大小不同的氧化石墨烯(GO),利用循环伏安法电化学还原得到相应的还原氧化石墨烯(rGO),然后利用循环伏安法研究了rGO/玻碳电极(GCE)和L-半胱氨酸(L-cys)/rGO/GCE两种修饰电极对于Hg~(2+)的响应,以及不同片层大小氧化石墨烯对应的rGO/GCE和L-cys/rGO/GCE修饰电极对于Hg2+响应的不同。     

石墨烯-金纳米粒子复合膜修饰电极的制备及对双酚A的测定

采用电化学还原技术,通过一步电沉积制备了石墨烯-金纳米粒子复合膜修饰电极(ERGO-Au/GCE).采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和循环伏安(CV)法对修饰电极进行了表征,并研究了双酚A(BPA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,所制备的复合物修饰电极对双酚A有明显的电催化效果.在p H=6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,双酚A在0.3~1.0 V扫描电位范围内有1个不可逆的氧化还原峰出现.在优化的条件下,双酚A的浓度在3.00×10-8~1.30×10-5mol/L范围内与其氧化峰电流呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-8mol/L(S/N=3).将该修饰电极用于饮用水和塑料制品中双酚A含量的测定,回收率为96.4%~103.5%.     

基于石墨烯/聚半胱氨酸的表面吸附和电化学催化高灵敏检测色氨酸

以氧化石墨烯和半胱氨酸为前驱体,利用循环伏安法还原-聚合构建了还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）/聚半胱氨酸（L-cys）修饰玻碳电极（GCE）(rGO/L-cys/GCE)。研究了色氨酸在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,基于rGO优异的电子传导性能、强吸附富集及L-cys对色氨酸的催化作用,rGO/L-cys/GCE显著提高了色氨酸检测的灵敏度。最优实验条件下,色氨酸浓度在0.03～10.0μmol/L范围内,峰电流与其浓度呈良好线性关系,检出限为8 nmol/L。将该修饰电极用于香蕉中色氨酸含量的测定,回收率为93.8%～105.0%。该修饰电极构建方法简便且灵敏度高,可用于实际样品测定。     

还原氧化石墨烯-多壁碳纳米管复合膜负载金纳米粒子修饰玻碳电极检测双酚A

以水合肼为还原剂,采用均相还原法制备还原氧化石墨烯-多壁碳纳米管复合材料(rGO-MWCNTs),通过滴涂法将其修饰到玻碳电极(GCE)表面.以此复合材料为载体,采用电化学方法制备了金纳米粒子-还原氧化石墨烯-多壁碳纳米管复合膜修饰电极(AuNPs-rGO-MWCNTs/GCE).通过扫描电镜(SEM)、EDS能谱技术和电化学方法对此电极进行了表征.研究了双酚A在修饰电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,此电极对双酚A的电极过程具有良好的电化学活性,在0.10 mol/L PBS溶液(pH 7.0)中,微分脉冲伏安法测定双酚A的线性范围为5.0 × 10-9~1.0 × 10-7 mol/L和1.0 × 10-7~2.0 × 10-5 mol/L,检出限为1.0 ×10-9 mol/L(S/N=3). 将此电极用于模拟水样和超市购物小票样品中双酚A含量的测定,加标回收率分别为97%~110%和98%~104%.     

基于聚对氨基苯磺酸、功能化石墨烯和纳米金修饰电极的构筑及用于双酚A的测定

通过电聚合方法制备聚对氨基苯磺酸修饰的玻碳电极（GCE/pABSA）,然后把带有正电荷的超支化聚乙烯亚胺功能化还原氧化石墨烯（BPEIGr）和带有负电荷的金纳米粒子（AuNPs）依次修饰到电极上,制得GCE/pABSA/BPEIGr/AuNPs修饰电极。研究了双酚A在GCE/pABSA/BPEIGr/AuNPs修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,所制备的修饰电极对双酚A有良好的电催化效果,在pH 7.0的PBS溶液中进行循环伏安扫描,双酚A在0.2～0.8 V范围内出现1个不可逆的氧化还原峰。采用差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）对双酚A进行了检测,在优化的条件下,双酚A的浓度在0.05～10μmol/L范围内与氧化峰电流呈线性关系,检出限为0.02μmol/L(3σ)。将基于此修饰电极的传感器用于浑河水和自来水中双酚A含量的测定,加标回收率在97.0%～105.0%之间。     

基于还原氧化石墨烯-钯复合材料的双酚A分子印迹电化学传感器的研究

采用分子印迹技术,以还原氧化石墨烯-钯复合材料(rGO@Pd)修饰电极为工作电极,双酚A为模板分子,吡咯为聚合单体,成功制备出双酚A分子印迹电化学传感器。采用循环伏安法(CV)、差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)和电化学交流阻抗法(EIS)等,考察了该传感器的电化学性能。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对传感器表面进行结构分析。在最佳实验条件下,该电极的峰电流与双酚A在1.0~10.0 nmol/L浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数(r)为0.997 7,检出限(S/N=3)为0.1 nmol/L。该电极表现出良好的灵敏度、选择性、重现性和稳定性,已成功应用于自来水中双酚A含量的测定,加标回收率为92.1%~108.0%。     

还原氧化石墨烯-纳米金修饰的分子印迹传感器选择性检测水与牛奶中盐酸洛美沙星

开发了一种基于金电极表面修饰还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)-纳米金(AuNPs)的分子印迹电化学传感器,用于选择性测定盐酸洛美沙星。AuNPs-rGO纳米复合材料通过电化学还原氧化石墨烯(GO)和HAuCl_4修饰到金电极表面,印迹的聚邻苯二胺和间苯二酚膜嵌在AuNPs-rGO表面作为功能单体选择性识别盐酸洛美沙星。以K_3[Fe(CN)_6]为氧化还原探针,运用循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲法(DPV)表征了印迹传感器的电化学性能。结果表明印迹传感器对洛美沙星的选择性高,而引入的还原氧化石墨烯-纳米金(Au NPsrGO)复合材料显著提高了传感器的电子传输速率和灵敏度。最佳条件下,氧化还原探针的DPV峰电流对0.01~1.0μmol/L浓度范围内洛美沙星呈良好的线性,检出限(S/N=3)为3.0 nmol/L。方法用于西江水和牛奶中盐酸洛美沙星的检测,精密度(RSD≤6.2%)和回收率(88.0%~102%)满意。     

电化学还原的氧化石墨烯修饰电极检测L-色氨酸

制备了氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极,并运用循环伏安法对氧化石墨烯进行了直接的电化学还原,研究了L-色氨酸在该电化学还原的氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,L-色氨酸在该修饰电极上其氧化峰电流与裸玻碳电极相比增大了7.1倍,且峰电位负移80mV。利用差分脉冲伏安法,在pH=6.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中测定L-色氨酸,氧化峰电流与其浓度在0.4～65.0μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.998,方法检出限为0.2μmol/L。     

基于还原氧化石墨烯@DNA修饰电极的Cu2+传感器

采用了滴涂法制备了还原氧化石墨烯@DNA修饰电极,采用了循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)两种电化学方法,探究了还原氧化石墨烯@DNA修饰电极对Cu~(2+)电催化活性和氧化峰电流与Cu~(2+)浓度之间的关系。实验结果表明,DNA和还原氧化石墨烯所修饰的电极对Cu~(2+)具有优异的电催化活性。即时电流响应信号同Cu~(2+)的浓度线性方程为i(μA)=-2.098 8-0.538 5c(×10~(-5) mol/L),线性相关系数R=0.996,最低检出限为1×10~(-8) mol/L。并且修饰电极具有良好的重现性和稳定性。     

聚L-半胱氨酸/还原氧化石墨烯/Nafion修饰玻碳电极对芦丁的电化学传感行为研究

本文采用滴涂法制备了还原氧化石墨烯/Nafion溶液修饰玻碳电极(rGO/Nafion/GCE),用电化学聚合法将L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)聚合在rGO/Nafion/GCE表面,得到Poly-L-Cys/rGO/Nafion/GCE。采用伏安法研究了芦丁在该修饰电极上的电化学行为及其影响因素。结果表明,L-Cys的电聚合圈数对修饰电极的电化学性能具有一定的影响。在最优条件下,芦丁的峰电流与其浓度在2.0×10~(-8)~1.0×10~(-5) mol/L内呈现好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.0×10~(-8) mol/L。     

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle‐Graphene Composites for Electroanalysis Applications using Chemical and Electrochemical Methods

An electrochemical device was developed for the simultaneous determination of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) using differential pulse voltammetry and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and silver nanoparticle (AgNP) composites, synthesised using both chemical and electrochemical methods. The morphology and electrochemical behaviour of the GC electrodes modified with the rGO/AgNP (chemical method) and rGO‐AgNP (electrochemical method) composites were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. These techniques demonstrated that, in both methods, the graphene oxide was modified by the AgNPs, and the composite synthesised by the electrochemical method showed a better dispersion of the nanoparticles, resulting in an increase in the surface area compared to the rGO/AgNP composite. The GC/rGO‐AgNP electrode was evaluated and optimised for the simultaneous determination of SMX and TMP, achieving detection limits of 0.6 μmol L⁻¹ for the SMX and 0.4 μmol L⁻¹ for the TMP. The proposed GC/rGO‐AgNP electrochemical device was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of SMX and TMP in wastewaters samples.     

基于纳米银/碳纳米纤维复合材料的增强效应电化学测定多贝斯

将银纳米粒子(AgNPs)电沉积在碳纳米纤维(CNFs)修饰玻碳电极表面制备纳米银/碳纳米纤维修饰玻碳电极(AgNPs/CNFs/GCE).采用扫描电镜考察其表面形态,在K3[Fe(CN)6]-K4[Fe(CN)6]体系中用循环伏安法和电化学阻抗法研究AgNPs/CNFs/GCE的电化学行为.采用循环伏安法和方波伏安法...     

Free‐standing Graphene/Poly(methylene blue)/AgNPs Composite Paper for Electrochemical Sensing of NADH

Highly flexible graphene/poly(methylene blue)/AgNPs composite paper was successfully prepared for amperometric biosensing of NADH. For this purpose, a dispersion including graphene oxide (GO), methylene blue (MB) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was prepared and GO/MB/AgNPs paper was acquired by vacuum‐filtration of this dispersion through a suitable membrane. After peeling it off from membrane, it was transformed to rGO/MB/AgNPs paper by performing reduction with hydriodic acid. In a three‐electrode cell, which is containing 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH: 9.0), rGO/MB/AgNPs paper was used as working electrode and rGO/poly(MB)/AgNPs composite paper was generated by surface‐confined electropolymerization of MB using successive cyclic voltammetry approach in a suitable potential window. Characterization of this composite paper was carried out by using scanning electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, four‐point probe conductivity measurement and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Flexible rGO/poly(MB)/AgNPs composite paper has demonstrated high sensitivity, wide linear range and low detection limit for amperometric quantification of NADH.     

纳米银修饰电极差分脉冲伏安法测定盐酸金霉素

建立了快速测定盐酸金霉素(CTC)的方法。通过NaBH4还原法制备纳米银(AgNPs)溶胶,并利用X射线衍射和紫外-可见光谱进行表征。将制备好的AgNPs滴涂到玻碳电极表面制备修饰电极(AgNPs/GCE),研究了CTC在AgNPs/GCE上的电化学行为及伏安法测定,优化了缓冲溶液和pH等检测条件。结果表明,CTC在pH 3.3的柠檬酸-NaOH-HCl缓冲溶液中检测效果最佳。CTC在AgNPs/GCE上发生2个电子和2个质子的不可逆电化学氧化反应,且反应受吸附控制。最佳条件下,CTC的氧化峰电流与其浓度呈现良好的线性关系,线性范围为0.5~100μmol/L,检出限为0.14μmol/L。该修饰电极可用于河水样品检测。     

Electrochemical sensor for ultrasensitive determination of ceftazidime using hollow platinum nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide/pencil graphite electrode

In this paper, an electrochemical sensor was prepared based on the modification of pencil graphite electrode (PGE) by hollow platinum nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide (HPtNPs/rGO/PGE) for determination of ceftazidime (CFZ). Initially, rGO was electrodeposited on the electrode surface, and then, hollow platinum nanoparticles were placed on the electrode surface via galvanic displacement reaction of Pt(IV) ions with cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) that had electrodeposited on the electrode surface. Several significant parameters controlling the performance of the HPtNPs/rGO/PGE were examined and optimized using central composite design as one optimization methodology. The surface morphology and elemental characterization of the bare PGE, rGO/PGE, CoNPs/rGO/PGE, and HPtNPs/rGO/PGE-modified electrodes was analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical activity of CFZ on resulting modified electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and adsorptive differential pulse voltammetry (AdDPV). Adsorptive differential pulse voltammetry indicates that peak current increases linearly with respect to increment in CFZ concentration. CFZ was determined in the linear dynamic range of 5.0 × 10^?13 to 1.0 × 10^?9 M, and the detection limit was determined as 2.2 × 10^?13 M using AdDPV under optimized conditions. The results showed that modified electrode has high selectivity and very high sensitivity. The method was used to determine of CFZ in drug injection and plasma samples.     

Electrochemical sensor based on f-SWCNT and carboxylic group functionalized PEDOT for the sensitive determination of bisphenol A

A simple,sensitive,and reliable method for the voltammetric determination of bisphenol A(BPA) by using carboxylic group functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes(f-SWCNT)/carboxylic-functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PC4) complex modified glassy carbon electrode(GCE) has been successfully developed.The electrochemical behavior of BPA at the surface of the modified electrode is investigated by electrochemical techniques.The cyclic voltammetry results show that the as-prepared electrode exhibits strong catalytic activity toward the oxidation of BPA with a well-defined anodic peak at 0.623 V in PBS(0.1 mol/L,pH 7.0).The surface morphology of the 3D network of composite film is beneficial for the adsorption of analytes.Under the optimized conditions,the oxidation peak current is proportional to BPA concentration in the range between 0.099 and 5.794 μmol/L(R~2 = 0.9989),with a limit of detection of 0.032 μmol/L(S/N = 3).The enhanced performance of the sensor can be attributed to the excellent electrocatalytic property of/-SWCNT and the extraordinary conductivity of PC4.Furthermore,the proposed modified electrode displays high stability and good reproducibility.The good result on the voltammetric determination of BPA also indicates that the asfabricated modified electrode will be a good candidate for the electrochemical determination and analysis of BPA.     

Flower‐like Ni(II)‐based Metal‐organic Framework‐decorated Ag Nanoparticles: Fabrication,Characterization and Electrochemical Detection of Glucose

Glucose concentration monitoring is important for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. In this work, a composite material of AgNPs/MOF‐74(Ni) was prepared for electrochemical determination of glucose. AgNPs/MOF‐74(Ni) was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical properties of the glassy carbon electrodes modified with the AgNPs/MOF‐74(Ni) composites were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and current‐time curve (I‐t curve) with three electrode system. The determination of glucose with the electrode modified by AgNPs/MOF‐74(Ni) has a linear range of 0.01～4 mM with the correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.994. The detection limit is 4.7 μM (S/N=3) and the sensitivity is 1.29 mA ? mM^?1 ? cm^?2. In addition, this sensing system possesses reasonable reproducibility and stability. The good performance of electrochemical determination for glucose is attributed to the concerted effect of silver nanoparticles and MOF‐74(Ni) on the promotion of glucose oxidation     

镍纳米粒子-离子液体修饰碳糊电极的制备及其对多巴胺的测定

制备了镍纳米粒子-离子液体修饰电极,在0.1 mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液(pH 6.0)中研究了多巴胺(DA)在修饰电极上的电化学行为.与裸电极相比,DA在该修饰电极上的氧化还原电位明显降低,氧化还原反应的峰电流明显增大,DA的峰电流与其浓度在2.0×10~(-8) ～1.0×10~(-4) mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为6.5×10~(-9) mol/L.该修饰电极对抗坏血酸具有明显的抗干扰能力.     

Sodium 1‐Naphthalenesulfonate‐Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide Stabilizes Silver Nanoparticles with Lower Cytotoxicity and Long‐Term Antibacterial Activity

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly used in daily life for their antibacterial properties, but their low stability and high cytotoxicity hamper practical applications. In this work, sodium 1‐naphthalenesulfonate‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (NA‐rGO) was used as a substrate for AgNPs to produce a AgNP‐NA‐rGO hybrid. This hybrid showed substantially higher antibacterial activity than polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)‐stabilized AgNPs, and the AgNPs on NA‐rGO were more stable than the AgNPs on PVP, resulting in long‐term antibacterial effects. More importantly, this hybrid showed excellent water solubility and low cytotoxicity, suggesting the great potential application as sprayable reduced graphene oxide based antibacterial solutions.