二苯氨基碳酰肼在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电催化氧化及电化学动力学研究

肼及其衍生物被广泛应用于医药,农药,水处理,军事,航天,光稳定剂以及化工生产助剂等诸多领域。因此对肼及其衍生物的研究有着极其重要的意义。二苯氨基碳酰肼(二苯氨基脲,又名二苯卡巴肼,D iphenyl Carbazide,DPC)广泛用于重金属离子的检测分析[1-4]。但是,目前关于DPC的电化学     

冰片及其酯/酰胺类衍生物的合成和活性研究进展

冰片是重要的芳香开窍类中药,具有开窍醒神,清热止痛等功效,常被作为佐药与其他中药配伍使用。目前,冰片及其衍生物广泛用于医药、农药、化工及香料领域,市场前景好,研究和开发价值高。本文对天然冰片、合成冰片及其酯/酰胺类衍生物的主要合成方法和生物活性方面进行了系统总结,并对冰片酯类衍生物未来的研究方向进行了展望,以期为冰片及其酯/酰胺类衍生物的进一步的研究提供有益参考。     

5-(3′-芳基-5′-(口恶)唑烷酮基甲氧基)-3(2H)哒嗪酮类化合物的合成及生物活性

(口恶)唑烷酮及其衍生物已广泛用于医药农药化工领域[1～4],如抗感染类药物痢特灵和高效杀菌剂农利灵[5].     

联吡啶钌修饰电极固相电致化学发光

由于电致化学发光(ECL)的连续可测性、高灵敏度、稳定和方法简单,被广泛应用于分子生物学、药学、化学和环保等领域.而将可电化学再生的ECL试剂固定于电极表面,可获得ECL传感器,从而减少分析过程中试剂的消耗并简化实验装置.联吡啶钌及其衍生物在电极表面的固定化研究成为ECL研究的重要方向.本文综述了2004年以来联吡啶钌及其衍生物修饰电极的固相ECL的研究进展,并简要介绍了各种固定方法及其相关的应用情况.     

2,4-二硝基苯醛腙的APCI-MS/MS研究

环境样品中的微量醛酮常用2,4-二硝基苯肼将其衍生化为2,4-二硝基苯腙(DNPH),然后通过配置大气压化学电离源(APCI)的HPLC-MS/MS进行分离测定[1].APCI源产生的离子寿命长达10 μs,足够离子和离子之间、离子和分子之间在离子源及离子阱内发生反应,MS/MS产生的离子机理通常比较复杂.本文为了探究醛类化合物的2,4-二硝基苯腙衍生物的(-)APCI-MS/MS行为,找出其裂解规律,对甲醛、乙醛和丙醛的2,4-二硝基苯腙衍生物作了(-)APCI-MS/MS,结果均出现m/z 76、120、151、179离子,情形与Stephan Kolliker等人报道的丙酮腙的结果相符,明显不同之处是醛腙的MS/MS都出现m/z 163离子强信号,笔者认为后者可能为m/z 179离子失去1个氧原子而生成了苯并三唑离子.     

醛、酮类腙衍生物校正因子的预测与测定

利用2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)与醛、酮类化合物反应生成稳定的衍生物2,4-二硝基苯腙,对所生成的DNPH衍生物溶液直接进行气相色谱分析;以苯为内标物,分别对6种醛、酮衍生物的校正因子进行了预测和回归,校正因子的实际测定值与理论预测值的最大相对误差不超过0．4％。实验说明对反应生成物直接进行校正因子测定的方法是可靠的,且方法操作简单;同时也说明使用理论计算方法预测醛、酮DNPH衍生物校正因子的可行性,为使用理论计算方法预测其它醛、酮DNPH衍生物的校正因子奠定了基础。     

酰氨基硫脲及其相关的杂环衍生物的研究——Ⅴ.1-(β-吗啉丙酰基)-4-芳基氨基硫脲及其相关杂环衍生物的合成

前文已报道某些1-酰基-4-取代氨基硫脲及其相关杂环衍生物具有广泛的生理活性,如抗结核,抗真菌,解痉挛及促进植物生长等功效。为进一步观察酰氨基硫脲及其杂环衍生物的有关活性,我们以β-吗啉丙酰肼(1)同一系列芳基异硫氰酸酯(2)进行反应,试图制得各种1-(β-吗啉丙酰基)-4-取代芳基氨基(3),并研究3在酸或碱性条件下的环化     

色满螺哌啶衍生物的合成及生物活性研究进展

色满螺哌啶是一类特殊的三环骨架,其通过结构修饰可发展一系列衍生物,从而表现出广泛的生物活性,如抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗疟、抗肥胖、抗炎、抗氧化以及抗精神病等。因此,色满螺哌啶衍生物在有机合成和医药研发领域中发挥了重要的作用。本文主要介绍在色满的C2位和哌啶环的C4′位稠合而成的色满螺哌啶类衍生物,包括螺[色满-2,4′-哌啶]类、螺[色满-2,4′-哌啶]-4(3H)-酮类、螺[色烯-2,4′-哌啶]类和螺[苯并[b][1,4]噁氮杂?-2,4′-哌啶类化合物等,简述这四类衍生物的经典合成方法,并重点对其生物活性研究进展进行评述。     

O-芳基苯基硫代膦酰肼及其旋光活性腙

某些膦酰肼及其衍生物只有生物活性。本文通过O-芳基苯基硫代膦酰氯与50％水合肼反应合成了O-芳基苯基硫代膦酰肼(Ⅰ),在有些反应中还分离到N,N′-双[O-芳基苯基硫代膦酰基]肼(Ⅱ)。Ⅰ与(-)-薄荷酮反应得旋光活性薄荷酮腙(Ⅲ),由于磷原子是手性的,产物为非对映异构体。     

非甾体抗炎药对映体在冠醚手性固定相上的拆分

利用高效液相色谱法,采用从(18-冠-6)-2,3,11,12-四羧((18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid,18-C-6-TA)衍生的冠醚类型手性固定相(CSPs),对非甾体抗炎药酰肼衍生物进行手性分离研究.为了手性酸类非甾体抗炎药在冠醚手性固定相上进行手性拆分,采用与肼合成方法导入氨基基团,合成了其酰肼衍生物.色谱条件为:流动相:80%甲醇/水(V/V)含10 mmol/L H2SO4;流速:1.0 mL/min;紫外检测波长:210 nm.结果表明,除酮洛芬之外,其它非甾体抗炎药的酰肼衍生物拆分效果较好(α=1.14～1.26,Rs=0.88～1.43).而且非甾体抗炎药酰肼衍生物在(+)18-C-6-TA衍生的CSP 1和(-)18-C-6-TA衍生的CSP 2上的洗脱顺序得到了相反结果.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.