聚合物载体-稀土金属配合物的研究ⅩⅦ聚(苯乙烯-4-乙烯基吡啶)钕配合物在丁二烯聚合中的催化行为

聚合物载体－稀土金属配合物的研究．聚（苯乙烯－４－乙烯基吡啶）钕配合物在丁二烯聚合中的催化行为李晓莉于广谦＊李玉良（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词苯乙烯，乙烯基吡啶，共聚物，钕配合物，丁二烯聚合１９９６－０４－１１收稿，１９９６...     

Catalytic Hydrogenation over Palladium Complex of Molecular Complex of Poly(4-vinylpyridine) with Acetic Acid

The palladium complex of the molecular complex of poly(4-vinylpyridine)with acetic acid (PVP/HAc-Pd) was prepared.Its catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene was found much higher than that of the corresponding palladium complex of poly(4-vinylpyridine).In the presence of a strong inorganic alkali.especially potassium hydroxide.the catalytic activity is greatly improved.The suitable hydrogenation condition for PVP/HAc-Pd is to use 0.1mol/L ethanol solution of potassium hydroxide as the hydrogenation medium and the hydrogenation is carried out at 45 ℃。     

聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)-b-聚环氧乙烷-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)的合成及其用于毛细管电泳分离碱性蛋白质

用原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法合成了结构可控的三嵌段共聚物聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)-b-聚环氧乙烷-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)(P4VP-b-PEO-b-P4VP).用核磁共振氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱对该共聚物进行了表征;将该共聚物作为毛细管物理吸附涂层,用毛细管电泳对碱性混合蛋白质进行了分离.结果表明:蛋白质的分离效率随着P...     

甲氧基聚乙二醇-b-聚L-半胱氨酸两亲性嵌段共聚物的合成与表征

首先以聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG-OH)为单体,采用经典的盖布瑞尔伯胺合成法合成了端氨基聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG-NH_2);然后以mPEG-NH_2为引发剂,S-苄基L-半胱氨酸N-羧酸内酸酐(BCys-NCA)为原料,通过N-羧酸内酸酐(NCA)开环聚合反应和液氨/钠处理脱除侧链上的保护基团,合成了两亲性嵌段共聚物甲氧基聚乙二醇-b-聚L-半胱氨酸(mPEG-b-PCys)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对聚合物的结构和组成进行了表征。结果表明:成功制备了侧链具有还原性巯基的两亲性嵌段共聚物mPEG-b-PCys,并且其聚合度可控性良好。     

Grafting of Vinyl Monomers onto Poly(Acryloyl-L-valine) Microspheres Containing Peroxyester Groups

Abstract

Poly(acryloyl-L-valine) microspheres containing peroxyester groups were prepared by copolymerization of acryloyl-L-valine with di-t-butyl peroxyfumarate in acetophenone. Graft copolymerization of some vinyl monomers onto the microspheres was carried out by photolysis or thermolysis of the peroxyester groups in the microspheres. When benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) was used as the second monomer, BzMA conversion and grafting efficiency were found to increase with time. This might be ascribed to long lifetime of the polymer radicals in the microspheres. In fact, the very stable propagating radical of BzMA was observed by ESR in the photoinduced graft copolymerization system of the microspheres and BzMA at room temperature. The copolymerization process was investigated by ESR.     

酚氧树脂/聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)高分子复合物的制备及表征

采用元素分析、DSC、FTIR、紫外光谱及XPS等手段对酚氧树脂和聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)在氯仿中溶液共混形成的高分子复合物的组成及结构进行了研究,并与相应的共混物作了比较。结果表明,所得的各复合物的组成相同,其值与组分分子中的链节等摩尔比一致;而共混物也为相容体系,其组成与两高分子组分的投料比对应。基于实验结果,揭示了复合物的形成过程。     

聚苯乙烯-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)嵌段共聚物LB膜结构形态的研究

采用氯仿作为铺展溶剂,将嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)(PS-b-P4VP)稀溶液铺展于空气与水界面上,利用Langmuir-Blodgett(LB)膜技术转移至固体基底.研究了不同的嵌段比、表面压和小分子1-芘丁酸(PBA)的加入对嵌段共聚物气液界面聚集组装的影响.研究发现随着亲水段(P4VP)的增加,聚集组装结构由纳米片状、带状转变成纳米条状、纳米点状结构.表面压对纯PS-b-P4VP聚集组装产生影响,表面压增大,组装体排列紧密;随着表面压的继续增大,单层聚集结构遭到破坏,发生堆叠.加入PBA小分子后,PBA与PS-b-P4VP形成氢键,形态发生明显变化,原来的片状结构转变为条状或点状结构.     

二茂铁基嵌段共聚物制备及自组装研究

本文综述了近年来二茂铁基嵌段共聚物制备及自组装的研究进展.对环状二茂铁单体的活性阴离子引发开环聚合(ROP)、过渡金属催化开环聚合(ROP)及聚合机理和聚合物自组装胶束的结构、表征和潜在应用作了介绍.     

Stereospecific Cyclic Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Its Topology‐Guided Hierarchically Controlled Supramolecular Assemblies

In this study, the stereocomplexation between a novel stereospecific cyclic vinyl polymer, that is, cyclic syndiotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (st‐PMMA), with the complementary linear isotactic (it‐) PMMA was investigated. Surprising new insight into the effects of the topology (i.e., end groups), size, and tacticity of the assembling components on stereocomplex formation was obtained. Characterization of the stereocomplexes revealed that the self‐assembly of cyclic st‐PMMAs and linear it‐PMMAs resulted in the formation of an unprecedented “polypseudorotaxane‐type” supramolecular assembly. This stereocomplex exhibited remarkably different physical properties as compared to the conventional PMMA triple‐helix stereocomplex as a result of the restricted topology imposed by the cyclic st‐PMMA assembling component.     

Cisplatin‐Rich Polyoxazoline–Poly(aspartic acid) Supramolecular Nanoparticles

Cisplatin‐rich supramolecular nanoparticles are constructed through the supramolecular inclusion interaction between the admantyl (Ad)‐terminated poly(aspartic acid) (Ad‐P(Asp)) and the β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD)‐terminated poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline). In the formation of the nanoparticles, the β‐CD/admantane inclusion complex integrates poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) and poly(aspartic acid) chains to form pseudoblock copolymers, followed by the coordination between carboxyl groups in P(Asp) block and cisplatin. This coordination interaction drives the formation of nanoparticle and enables cisplatin incorporated into the nanoparticles. The spherical cisplatin‐rich supramolecular nanoparticles have 53% cisplatin‐loading content, good stability, and effective inhibition of the cell proliferation when it is tested in H22 cancer cells. Near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of tumor bearing mice reveals that the cisplatin‐rich nanoparticles can target the tumor in vivo effectively.     

Poly(3‐hexyl thiophene)‐b‐poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide): Synthesis and its composition dependent structural,solubility, thermoresponsive,electrochemical, and electronic properties

Conjugated block copolymers consisting of poly(3‐hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) and a thermoresponsive polymer poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) with varying composition have been synthesized by facile click reaction between alkyne terminated P3HT and azide terminated PNIPAM. The composition‐dependent solubility, thermoresponsive property in water, phase behavior, electrochemical, optical, and electronic properties of the block copolymers were systematically investigated. The block copolymers with higher volume fraction of PNIPAM form thermoresponsive spherical micelles with P3HT‐rich crystalline cores and PNIPAM coronas. Both X‐ray and atomic force microscopic studies indicated that the blocks copolymers showed well‐defined microphase separated nanostructures and the structure depended on the composition of the blocks. The electrochemical study of the block copolymers clearly demonstrated that the extent of charge transport through the block copolymer thin film was similar to P3HT homopolymer without any significant change in the band gap. The block copolymers showed improved or similar charge carrier mobility compared with the pure P3HT depending on the composition of the block copolymer. These P3HT‐b‐PNIPAM copolymers were interesting for fabrication of optoelectronic devices capable of thermal and moisture sensing as well as for studying the thermoresponsive colloidal structures of semiconductor amphiphilic systems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1785–1794     

Poly(vinyl alcohol)-based Amphiphilic Copolymer Aggregates as Drug Carrying Nanoparticles

A series of amphiphilic polyisobutylene-block-poly(vinyl alcohol) (PIB-b-PVA) copolymers of constant PIB and varying PVA block length was synthesized by living carbocationic polymerization and their solution behavior was studied. The synthesis involved the preparation of polyisobutylene-b-poly(tert.-butyl vinyl ether) followed by hydrolysis with hydrogen bromide. The copolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, ¹H-NMR, and MALDI-TOF MS methods. The micellization behavior of the copolymers was investigated in aqueous media by direct dissolution and dialysis using static and dynamic light scattering. The critical micelle concentration, micelle size, aggregation number, and micelle shape were determined. The ability of the aggregates as drug carrying nanodevices was also investigated by doping them with indomethacin. UV-Vis measurements showed that the solubility of indomethacine increased significantly. Our findings suggest that the solubility is largely dependent upon the block segment ratios.     

聚4-乙烯基吡啶与Cu(Ⅱ)离子配合过程及配合物的结构

采用粘度法确定了聚4-乙烯基吡啶(P4VP)在乙醇/水混合溶剂中的临界交迭浓度c*, 分别在稀溶液与亚浓溶液浓度范围内, 采用光谱法与电导滴定法研究了P4VP与Cu(II)离子的配合过程及配合物的结构, 通过红外光谱(FTIR)对配合物的化学结构进行了表征, 并用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定了配合物的热性能. 结果表明, 对于相对分子质量为1.06×105的P4VP, 其c*为15 mmol•L−1(按P4VP中的链节量计算). 在稀溶液中P4VP与Cu(II)离子形成可溶性的分子内配合物, 表观配位数为9~10；在亚浓溶液中, P4VP与Cu(II)离子发生分子间配合作用, 由于配位交联, 形成不溶性的配合物P4VP-Cu(II), 配位数为3. P4VP与Cu(II)离子形成配合物后, 玻璃化温度明显提高.     

锇-聚乙烯吡啶复合物与辣根过氧化物酶分子多层膜的制备及电化学性质研究

基于分子间静电相互作用力,将锇-聚乙烯吡啶复合物(PVP-Os)与辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)交替沉积于固体基质表面,制得了包含生物成分的分子多层膜.膜层间的聚合物分子起到了粘接与导电的双重作用.用紫外-可见光谱法跟踪了石英基片上的组装过程,研究了多层膜电极对过氧化氢的电催化还原性能,并描述了多层膜电化学行为.     

Surface Morphology Evolution of a Thin Polymeric Supramolecular Film by Tuning Interactions

Summary: A polymeric supramolecule consisting of symmetric polystyrene‐block‐poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P4VP), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), and 3‐pentadecylphenol (PDP) was formed by proton transfer and hydrogen bonding. The surface morphology of a thin film of the polymeric supramolecule has been investigated. The spherical PS microdomains embedded in a P4VP(DBSA)_1.0(PDP)_1.0 matrix are observed for the as‐cast film because the weight fraction, f_comb, of the P4VP(DBSA)_1.0(PDP)_1.0 blocks is much higher than that of PS as a result of the non‐covalent interactions of P4VP and DBSA and DBSA and PDP. Upon annealing the PS‐b‐P4VP(1:1)(DBSA)_1.0(PDP)_1.0 film at high temperatures, the hydrogen bonding between the DBSA and PDP diminishes, which leads to a change of overall morphology from an ordered sphere to a pitted structure.

AFM topographic image of a PS‐b‐P4VP(1:1)(DBSA)_1.0(PDP)_1.0 thin film.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(ϵ-caprolactone)-b-Poly(L-lactide) and Study on Their Electrospun Scaffolds

A series of multi-block copolymers, poly(L-lactide)-b-poly (?-caprolactone) (PLLA-b-PCL) were synthesized. The first step of the synthesis consisted of the transesterification between the PLLA and 1,4-Butanediol, followed by the copolymerization of PLLA-diols and PCL, using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as a coupling agent. The synthesized polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). PLLA/PCL block copolymers were electrospun into ultrafine fibers. The morphology of the electrospun fibrous scaffolds were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results showed that the morphology and diameter of the fibers were affected by the electrospinning solution concentrationan and different weight ratio of PLLA/PCL. These electrospun PLLA-b-PCL fibrous membranes exhibited good flexibility and deformability. In comparison with the electrospun PLLA membrane, the electrospun fibrous membranes of PLLA-b-PCL demonstrated an enhanced elongation with still high tensile strength and Young's modulus to be beneficial for tissue engineering scaffolds.     

Poly(N‐vinyl pyrrolidone)‐block‐Poly(N‐vinyl carbazole)‐block‐poly(N‐vinyl pyrrolidone) triblock copolymers: Synthesis via RAFT/MADIX process,self‐assembly behavior,and photophysical properties

Poly(N‐vinyl pyrrolidone)‐block‐poly(N‐vinyl carbazole)‐block‐poly(N‐vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP‐b‐PVK‐b‐PVP) triblock copolymers were synthesized via sequential reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer/macromolecular design via the interchange of xanthate (RAFT/MADIX) process. First, 1,4‐phenylenebis(methylene)bis(ethyl xanthate) was used as a chain transfer agent to mediate the radical polymerization of N‐vinyl carbazole (NVK). It was found that the polymerization was in a controlled and living manner. Second, one of α,ω‐dixanthate‐terminated PVKs was used as the macromolecular chain transfer agent to mediate the radical polymerization of N‐vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) to obtain the triblock copolymers with various lengths of PVP blocks. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the triblock copolymers in bulks were microphase‐separated and that PVK blocks were self‐organized into cylindrical microdomains, depending on the lengths of PVP blocks. In aqueous solutions, all these triblock copolymers can self‐assemble into the spherical micelles. The critical micelle concentrations of the triblock copolymers were determined without external adding fluorescence probe. By analyzing the change in fluorescence intensity as functions of the concentration, it was judged that the onset of micellization occurred at the concentration while the FL intensity began negatively to deviate from the initial linear increase with the concentration. Fluorescence spectroscopy indicates that the self‐assembled nanoobjects of the PVP‐b‐PVK‐b‐PVP triblock copolymers in water were capable of emitting blue/or purple fluorescence under the irradiation of ultraviolet light. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1852–1863