顺二羰基铑（Ⅰ）共聚物催化剂的合成,结构与催化甲醇羰基化反应性能的研究

我们曾报道一系列含有两种不同配位基团的高分子共聚物与四羰基二氯二铑形成的顺二羰基铑(Ⅰ)配合物。这些配合物在催化甲醇羰基化反应中显示出高催化活性和高稳定性。本文采用4-乙烯吡啶(Y)和丙烯酸甲酯(B)共聚物为配体,对其与四羰基二氯二铑形成的配合物(YBRh)进行了表征。对该系列配合物催化甲醇羰基化生成乙酸的性能进行了评价。     

甲醇羰基化为乙酸的新型高聚物铑催化剂的合成, 结构与性能

以交联或非交联的丁烯酮2-乙烯吡啶共聚物为配体的新型铑配合物催化剂能在较温和的条件下直接催化甲醇羰基化为乙酸, 实验结果表明, 这类新型高聚物铑配合物具有螯合型顺-二羰基铑(I)的结构特征, 并且有良好的热稳定性及高的催化活性和选择性, 其周转率可达10^4摩尔甲醇转化(摩尔铑)^-^1(时)^-^1, 产物除乙酸甲酯和乙酸外, 无其它副产物, 选择性近100%。     

顺二羰基(三齿N-配体)铑(Ⅰ)配合物的分子内取代反应

报道了3种不同结构的三齿N-配体以及与铑形成的顺二羰基配合物.研究表明,正方平面顺二羰基铑配合物在遇热条件下,其配体中未参与配位的授体N原子可取代它的一个端羰基而形成新的三齿配位结构.而在CO气氛下,三齿配位结构回到二齿配位状态.正方平面铑配合物的这一特殊分子内取代可逆反应过程,对于研究这类配合物结构、性能及催化作用均有重要的意义.非正方平面顺二羰基铑配合物则不发生上述分子内取代反应.利用IR和XPS对上述反应进行了表征.     

2-乙烯吡啶-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物与四羰基二氯二铑反应所得配合物的结构与催化甲醇羰基化性能的研究

聚(2-乙烯吡啶—丙烯酸甲酯)共聚物与四羰基二氯二铑形成的配合物是一种催化甲醇羰基化的新型催化剂.本文用X-射线衍射(XRD),光电子能谱(XPS)和红外光谱(IR)对其键合状态进行了表征,并探索了其分子骨架结构与催化甲醇羰基化活性之间的关系.     

甲醇羰基化的高分子催化剂（PVMRh）的稳定性研究

研究了以交联共聚物（ＰＶＭ）大孔隙树脂为配体的羰基铑配合物的热稳定性和抗空气氧化稳定性．这种类型的高分子铑催化剂不仅比类似的小分子铑配合物在甲醇羰基化反应中有着明显的高活性，而且在稳定性方面亦有着小分子配合物不可比拟的特点。实验结果表明，这类高分子催化剂在空气中的稳定温度达到１７０℃。在空气中室温放置５万小时后，其催化剂仍能保持不变。     

顺二羰基2－丁酸甲酯基吡啶铑配合物的合成与性能

顺二羰基２－丁酸甲酯基吡啶铑配合物的合成与性能潘平来，柳忠阳，黄茂开，袁国卿（中国科学院化学研究所，北京１０００８０）含有不同配位基团的共聚物配体与铑形成的配合物，在催化甲醇碳基化制备乙酸和乙酐的反应中具有很高的活性和选择性￣［１１］。本文采用含有Ｎ...     

2—乙烯吡啶—丁烯酮共聚物及其羰基铑配合物的XPS研究

本文用X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了2-乙烯吡啶-丁烯酮共聚物及其与四羰基二氯二铑形成的配合物的结构特征.由反映在共聚物Cls光电子伴峰和(?)基Cls峰的消失,以及共聚物Nls和Ols结合能在配合物中的降低,即从施受两方面确证N→Rh和O→Rh配位键的形成.对催化性能的探讨表明,丁烯酮含量的增加导致催化活性的升高,这是由于O→Rh配位键比例的增加和键强较弱所致     

丙二酸锂-铑配合物的结构及催化性能研究

本文采用丙二酸锂为配体，与四羰基二氯二铑形成双齿配位的顺二羰基铑配合物，研究表明，在催化甲醇羰基化制乙酸的反应中，该配合物显示出高的活性和选择性。     

高分子铑配合物（PYBRh）催化甲醇羰基化为乙酸和乙酸酐的动力学研究

采用２－乙烯吡啶－丁烯酮共聚物为配体，与四羰基二氯二铑形成顺二羰基铑（Ｉ）配合物（ＰＹＢＲｈ），用于催化甲醇羰基化制备乙酸和乙酸酐的反应动力学研究。结果表明，其对反应物甲醇和一氧化碳均为零级反应，在一定范围内，对高分子铑催化剂及助催化剂碘甲烷均为一级反应，极性溶剂的加入可以提高甲醇羰基化速度。通过实验结果计算了其反应活化能，活化熵和热焓研究证明其反应机理与小分子铑催化剂相似。     

螯合型羰基铑配合物催化甲醇羰基化反应的机理研究

报道了螯合型正方平面羰基铑配合物催化甲醇羰基化反应的机理研究. 通过含有两种与铑具有不同配位能力的授体的配体, 与四羰基二氯二铑形成螯合型正方平面阳离子配合物. 研究证明, 该类配合物在催化甲醇羰基化反应过程中, 其活性物种区别于文献报道的[Rh(CO)2I2]－阴离子. 配合物中铑与吡啶环上共轭N形成的N→Rh配键, 在羰基化反应过程中并非通常认为的断裂而是形成新的活性物种, 即配体与铑作为整体参与了CH3I的氧化加成及CH3COI的生成过程. 通过对相应的聚合物配体铑催化剂的研究, 进一步证实了这个反应机理. 这一结果, 对该类催化剂分子设计, 以及克服其工业使用中的催化剂沉淀失活等现象均有重要意义.     

Acetic Anhydride Hydrolysis at High Acetic Anhydride to Water Ratios

The hydrolysis of acetic anhydride in the presence of water is an exothermic reaction that produces acetic acid. Most of the research has focused on low ratios of acetic anhydride to water. The major concern in the industry is the accidental addition of a small amount of water to large quantities of acetic anhydride stored in tanks, or as handled in a manufacturing process. This paper focuses on isothermal and adiabatic experiments that were conducted to understand the effect and rate of hydrolysis at high ratios of acetic anhydride to water. The acetic acid produced in the reaction also affects the rate of reaction. Detailed calorimetric data and specific rate expressions that have been developed are presented in this paper.     

丁烯酮-丙烯腈共聚物与过渡金属的配合物催化甲醇羰基化制乙酸和乙酸酐

合成了一系列丁烯酮-丙烯腈共聚物与过渡金属的配位化合物,用X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了其中存在的配位特征。通过甲醇羰基化反应制备乙酸、乙酸酐的反应,考察了不同催化剂的活性。实验结果表明,在反应中其活性顺序:铑配合物>镍配合物>钌配合物>钴配合物。     

乙酸促进邻甲基苯磺酸铜选择性催化醛与乙酸酐合成偕二乙酸酯反应

在室温无溶剂条件下,考察了乙酸促进邻甲基苯磺酸铜催化一系列芳香醛或脂肪醛与乙酸酐生成相应的偕二乙酸酯反应.结果表明,在乙酸存在条件下,邻甲基苯磺酸铜用量仅需占醛的0.3%(摩尔比)就能使反应在较短时间内完成.反应结束后,邻甲基苯磺酸铜经简单相分离可多次重复使用,催化活性无明显下降.     

Chelating Polymers. II. Amino Acetic Acid Chelating Polymers Derived from Hydroxyarylamino Acetic Acids

The prototype dimeric chelating compounds 3,3′-methylenebis-[N(4-hydroxyphenyl) iminodiacetic acid] and 3,3′-methylenebis-[N(4-methoxyphenyl) iminodiacetic acid] were synthesized and characterized by composition analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and potentiometric titration data. Their chelating characteristics with Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Zn(l1) ions were established by composition analysis and comparative infrared spectroscopy.

The results suggest chelation and structures of the usual iminodiacetatometal complex type for the Ni(II), Co(II), and Zn(I1) compounds of 3,3′methylenebis-[N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) iminodiacetic acid] and for the Cu(I1, Ni(II), and Co(I1) compounds of 3,3′-methylenebis-[N-(4-methoxyphenyl) iminodiacetic acid]. The composition analysis of each of these compounds indicates 1:2:2 mole ratios of ligand to metal ion to water. Square planar structures are proposed wherein the two iminodiacetatometal chelate moieties are essentially independent of each other.

The composition analysis of the Cu(II) compound of 3,3′-methylenebis-[N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) iminodiacetic acid] indicates a 1:2:1 mole ratio of ligand to metal ion to water. Structures are proposed in which some of the carboxylate groups are bridges between two metal coordination centers.

The composition analysis of the Zn(II) compound of 3,3′-methylenebis-[N-(4-methoxyphenyl) iminodiacetic acid] indicates a 1:1 mole ratio of ligand to metal ion. A structure is proposed in which both nitrogen atoms and two of the four carboxylate groups of the dimeric ligand are coordinated to the same metal ion.

A preliminary investigation was made of oligomeric compounds analogous to the prototype dimeric compounds.     

Acetic anhydride as a synthetic reagent

Acetic anhydride has been used widely in synthetic organic chemistry, especially in syntheses and transformations of heterocyclic compounds. These utilities are reviewed under the following classification.     

Acetic acid-water interaction in solid interfaces

The adsorption of acetic acid on a proton-ordered water ice surface is modeled using periodic plane-waves density-functional theory. The structures of acetic acid adsorbed as a monomer or oligomers, hydrated or not, are calculated through gradient optimization. The resulting quantum electronic density of states are compared to metastable impact electron spectroscopy (MIES) results and lead to selection of the most plausible structures of acetic acid on water ice. Hypotheses are formulated for the structure of the acid film growing on the ice surface including mainly cyclic dimers and hydrated forms. Adsorptions of single water molecules on acetic acid crystal surfaces are also studied after optimization of the acetic acid crystal bulk and surface structure. More comparisons with spectroscopic studies are proposed in the accompanying paper.     

One-Pot Synthesis of Acetoxyisothiocyanates Using Acetic Anhydride

Acetoxyisothiocyanates were prepared by a one-pot synthesis from aminoalcohol, carbon disulfide and acetic anhydride.     

A Simple Preparation of Trimethylsilyl Acetic Acid

A facile access to trimethylsilyl acetic acid is described. The method involves the preparation of the corresponding trimethylsilyl ester in fairly good yield (70%).