单扫描极谱法测定瓜子中痕量铅的研究

提出单扫描极谱法测定瓜子中痕量铅的新方法.在6%溴化钾、1%酒石酸钾钠、0.7%盐酸、5%磷酸、2%盐酸羟胺、3%(体积)三乙醇胺混合底液中,以单扫描极谱法对瓜子中痕量铅进行了测定.实验表明,铅在滴汞电极上于-0.47 V(相对饱和甘汞电极)处产生一灵敏催化极谱波,铅浓度在0.2 ng/mL~300 ng/mL范围内与极谱峰电流有良好分段线性关系.检出限为0.16 ng/mL.方法的RSD为2.2%~4.2%,加标回收率为89%~99%.此法仪器试剂简单,操作快速简便,用于实际样品测定,结果满意.     

高钙食品中痕量铅的极谱测定

建立了在0.6%碘化钾-0.8%酒石酸钾钠-0.36 mol/L盐酸-0.14 mol/L磷酸-0.6%三乙醇胺-0.1%抗坏血酸底液条件下,用单扫描极谱法测定高钙食品中痕量铅的方法.试验表明,本法的线性范围为5～800 ng/mL,检出限为1.5 ng/mL,样品加标回收率为95%～107%,相对标准偏差为4.3%～8.5%.     

催化极谱法测定土壤中的痕量镉

采用单扫描极谱法测定土壤中镉含量,确立了1%碘化钾-1.5%酒石酸钾钠-2%三乙醇胺-0.6%盐酸-9%磷酸测定体系.在此测定体系中,镉在滴汞电极上于-0.71V(相对饱和甘汞电极)处产生一灵敏催化极谱波,镉浓度在0.2ng/ml～1μg/ml范围内与极谱峰电流有良好线性关系,检出限为0.1ng/ml.该方法用于土壤样品测定的RSD为0.6%～9.5%,加标回收率为90%～110%.该方法操作简便,用于土壤样品测定的结果满意.     

硫磺中铅的快速极谱分析

提出用硫化铵-氨水-过氧化氢分解硫磺试样,在0.63 mol/L醋酸—0.60 mol/L溴化钾—0.14 mol/L盐酸羟胺—0.30 mol/L硫酸铵体系中以单扫描极谱测定微量铅的方法.铅极谱峰电位为—0.48 V(相对饱和甘汞电极).铅浓度在0.2～1μg/mL范围内与峰电流成良好的分段线性关系.检出限为0.16 ng/mL.RSD为3.6%～5.6%.加标回收率为86%～93%.此法操作快速简单,用于硫磺中铅的测定,结果满意.     

风味食品中痕量镉的测定

采用硝酸-高氯酸消解食品样品,以1.0%碘化钾-1.5%酒石酸钾钠-2.0%三乙醇胺-0.6%盐酸-9.0%磷酸混合液作为底液,用单扫描极谱法对风味食品样品中痕量镉进行测定.实验表明,镉络合物于-0.71 V(相对饱和甘汞电极)处产生一灵敏催化极谱波,镉浓度在0.2 ng/mL~1μg/mL范围内与极谱峰电流有良好线性关系,检出限为0.1 ng/mL.本法简单快速、准确度高,样品加标回收率为91%~107%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~9.1%.用于风味食品样品的测定,结果满意.     

螺旋藻中痕量硒的示波极谱测定

建立了测定螺旋藻中痕量硒的简便快速的示波极谱法.在0.6 mol·L-1醋酸介质中,硒(Ⅳ)-对氨基苯磺酸配合物于0.63 V处产生一敏锐的单扫描示波极谱波.硒质量浓度在0～80 ng·(mL)-1范围内与波高呈线性关系.Se的质量浓度检测限为1.5 ng·(mL)-1.本法测定螺旋藻中痕量硒的回收率为98%.与荧光法测定结果相比,方法对比的相对误差为12.0%.     

催化极谱法测定生物样品中的微量硒

建立了测定生物样品中微量硒的催化极谱法.试验发现Se(Ⅳ)与谷胱甘肽在-0.94 V(vs.SCE)处形成一个灵敏的极谱催化波.Se(Ⅳ)浓度在4.0×10-7～8.0×10-6mol/L的范围内,峰电流与Se(Ⅳ)浓度呈线性关系.Se(Ⅳ)的检出限为2.0×10-7mol/L,相对标准偏差均小于5%.此法简便、快速、灵敏,结果准确.     

锡-铜铁试剂-吐温-80体系的络合吸附波

发现在0.0052％钢铁试剂、0.002％吐温-80、1:1醋酸-醋酸铵底液(pH≈5.4)中,锡在单扫示波极谱上有良好的络合吸附波。峰电位为-0.72V(vs.SCE)。可测定1×10~(-6)-4×10~5g/ml锡含量。铅、铜、锑、铋等许多离子不干扰锡的测定,检测下限为4ng/ml。建立了示波极谱法测定食品罐头、铜合金及天然水中微量锡的方法。     

钼(Ⅵ)-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸-亚硝酸根催化吸附波的研究及应用

在5.0×10-3mol/L的盐酸介质中,钼与8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸生成的络合物在NaNO2存在下,于-0.30V(vs,SCE)出现一尖锐、灵敏的极谱波.钼含量在0.2～400ng/mL范围内与波高呈线性关系,检测限为0.1ng/mL.用多种电化学方法研究了极谱波的性质及电极反应机理,证明络合波为吸附波.峰电流由中心离子Mo( )还原产生,Mo( )与络合剂的组成比为1∶1.方法用于自来水中痕量钼的测定,快速、灵敏、准确,结果满意.     

萃取催化显色动力学光度法测定痕量铅的研究

在pH=3.0的邻苯二甲酸氢钾-盐酸缓冲溶液中,用吡啶作活化剂,铅(Ⅱ)能催化溴酸钾氧化邻氨基酚显色.研究了动力学条件,通过氯仿萃取终止反应,建立了室温下测定痕量铅的萃取催化动力学光度法.吸光度与铅(Ⅱ)的浓度在0～50μg/mL范围内成线性关系,检出限为2.3×10-2ng/mL.使用铜铁试剂-氯仿萃取和硝酸反萃取消除Ni(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)和Sn(Ⅱ)的干扰.用于地下水、人发和松花蛋中铅的测定,加标回收率为98.2%～102.3%,RSD值为1.3%～3.2%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with