壳聚糖/活性炭纤维复合膜的制备及对甲基橙的吸附研究

通过化学交联法制备了纯壳聚糖膜和壳聚糖/活性炭纤维复合膜(质量比为1∶1.1);探讨时间、pH值、温度、甲基橙溶液初始浓度以及吸附剂用量对吸附甲基橙的影响。研究结果表明,最佳吸附时间为120 min,在pH为6.0,甲基橙初始浓度10 mg/L,温度为10℃时,膜对甲基橙的吸附效果最好,去除率达99.54%。     

磁性壳聚糖/聚苯胺甲基橙吸附性能的研究

采用化学氧化聚合法制备磁性壳聚糖/聚苯胺染料吸附剂,研究了pH值、吸附时间和甲基橙染料初始质量浓度对磁性壳聚糖/聚苯胺吸附剂甲基橙染料吸附性能的影响,对磁性壳聚糖/聚苯胺吸附剂甲基橙吸附过程进行热力学等温线和动力学研究,并对磁性壳聚糖/聚苯胺的磁滞性能进行了研究。结果表明,磁性壳聚糖/聚苯胺的饱和磁化强度达16.7 emu/g,显示其具有较好的磁响应性能和磁分离性能,90 min甲基橙的吸附趋于平衡,随着甲基橙初始质量浓度的增加,甲基橙的吸附容量呈现不断增大但增幅趋缓的趋势。随着pH值的增加,甲基橙染料的吸附容量呈现不断降低的趋势。磁性壳聚糖/聚苯胺甲基橙吸附等温线遵循Freundlich方程,甲基橙吸附动力学满足准二级动力学方程。     

介孔钨铬杂多酸/Go/PANI材料对甲基橙的吸附性能

以SiW_(11)Cr/GO/PANI为吸附剂,研究了其对模拟染料废水甲基橙溶液的吸附性能,考察了甲基橙溶液的初始pH值、SiW_(11)Cr/GO/PANI催化剂的用量、甲基橙溶液的初始浓度等对催化剂吸附率和去除率的影响,结果表明:催化剂投加量为10mg、溶液的pH值为6、甲基橙溶液的浓度为15mg/L,染料甲基橙的最大去除率能达到95.11%。     

改性介孔微孔分子筛去除水中亚甲基蓝的研究

以壳聚糖包覆介孔-微孔复合分子筛(CS/MCM-41-A)为吸附剂去除水中的亚甲基蓝,研究了反应时间、溶液pH、溶液亚甲基蓝初始浓度、CS/MCM-41-A投加量、竞争离子对吸附的影响,分析了CS/MCM-41-A的吸附动力学和热力学特征。结果表明,25℃下,当CS/MCM-41-A投加量为0.3 g/L,溶液亚甲基蓝初始浓度100 mg/L,pH为6,吸附时间为40 min时,溶液中亚甲基蓝的去除率达到92.57%。CS/MCM-41-A吸附亚甲基蓝符合拟二级动力学方程,吸附等温线更好地符合Langmuir方程,CS/MCM-41-A对亚甲基蓝的有良好的吸附性能。     

柠檬皮渣对亚甲基蓝吸附性能研究

采用柠檬皮渣作为吸附剂对水溶液中亚甲基蓝进行吸附研究,考察了柠檬皮渣用量、溶液pH值、吸附时间、亚甲基蓝浓度、温度对吸附量的影响。结果表明:当柠檬皮渣用量为1 g/L,亚甲基蓝的初始质量浓度为100 mg/L,pH值为7,温度为30℃时,柠檬皮渣对亚甲基蓝吸附效果最好,吸附量为36.2 mg/g,吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附动力学遵从准二级动力学方程,热力学参数计算结果表明此吸附过程为自发的放热过程。     

硫酸铁改性氧化铝对甲基橙的吸附性能研究

本文研究了利用硫酸铁改性的活性氧化铝对偶氮染料甲基橙的吸附性能。主要考察了吸附温度、振荡器转速、活性氧化铝的用量、甲基橙的初始浓度以及pH值等因素对甲基橙吸附性能的影响,确定改性氧化铝吸附甲基橙的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,吸附温度为40℃、转速为240 r/min、活性氧化铝的用量3.0 g、甲基橙的初始浓度为200 mg/L、甲基橙废水的pH值为7,此时甲基橙的吸附率可达到84.3%。     

改性活性炭对染料甲基橙的吸附性能研究

本文利用盐酸对活性炭进行了改性,并研究其对甲基橙的吸附性能.主要考察了吸附剂用量、甲基橙的初始浓度、吸附温度和吸附时间等因素对甲基橙吸附性能的影响,确定了盐酸改性活性炭吸附甲基橙的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,吸附剂用量30 mg、甲基橙初始浓度60 mg/L、吸附温度40℃、吸附时间8 h的条件下,改性活性炭对甲基橙的吸附...     

甲基橙在桉木基磁性活性炭上的吸附行为

以桉木屑为原料,KOH为活化剂,FeCl_3·6H_2O为赋磁剂一步法制备了桉木基磁性活性炭。用全自动比表面积及孔径分析仪、FTIR、XRD、VSM等手段对其结构与性能进行了表征与测试。以其为吸附剂,考察了吸附剂用量、甲基橙初始浓度、pH值、吸附时间等对甲基橙吸附效果的影响,并分析了吸附热力学和动力学。结果表明,桉木基磁性活性炭MAC-0.42的比表面积为1430.32 m~2/g,总孔体积为0.893 cm~3/g,平均孔径为2.49nm。在吸附剂用量为0.045 g、甲基橙初始质量浓度为0.25 g/L、溶液在自然pH(约为6.82)、吸附时间为10 h的条件下,进行了吸附动力学和吸附等温线实验。桉木基磁性活性炭的碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别为1571.4和315.52 mg/g。桉木基磁性活性炭表面含有—OH、—C==O、—COO等官能团,其中有磁性物质Fe和Fe3O4,MAC-0.42的饱和磁化强度为48.65emu/g,在外加磁场时能快速将其从溶液中分离出来。其对甲基橙的吸附符合Langmuir模型,最大吸附量为333.33 mg/g;吸附过程是自发吸热过程,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型。     

NiMgFe-LDHs的制备及性能研究

以镍、镁、铁的硝酸盐为原材料,采用变化pH水热法制备镍镁铁水滑石NiMgFe-LDHs。研究了溶液初始pH、溶液初始浓度、吸附时间、吸附剂用量等对水滑石吸附金橙Ⅱ的影响。结果表明,当pH为5,吸附剂用量20 mg,吸附时间40 min时,NiMgFe水滑石对50 mL初始浓度为20 mg/L金橙Ⅱ吸附率达97.05%。NiMgFe水滑石对金橙Ⅱ的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附方程、准二级动力学模型。     

HNO_3改性鱼鳞对染料废水中甲基橙吸附探究

利用HNO_3对草鱼鱼鳞浸泡改性制备吸附剂,通过系列吸附实验,考察甲基橙初始浓度、鱼鳞投加量和吸附温度等因素对改性鱼鳞吸附水中的甲基橙性能的影响,通过FTIR、XRD、吸附等温线和吸附动力学分析吸附机理。结果表明,鱼鳞用1 mol/L HNO_3浸泡3 h所制备的吸附剂对甲基橙染料废水具有很好的吸附性能;在室温(20～25℃)条件下,溶液pH介于4～9,10 g/L改性鱼鳞吸附剂的投加量和初始甲基橙浓度为100 mg/L时,改性鱼鳞吸附剂对甲基橙吸附在反应2 h时效果最佳;通过吸附等温线实验发现,HNO_3改性鱼鳞对甲基橙的吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温式,而动力学实验表明吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型;FTIR和XRD分析表明,HNO_3改性鱼鳞溶解了其中部分羟基磷灰石,对甲基橙的吸附主要是改变其物理结构而提高吸附效果。     

The adsorption of sulphonated azo‐dyes methyl orange and xylenol orange by coagulation on hollow chitosan microsphere

Chitosan (CS) can be used as adsorbent in the treatment of effluents from the textile industry, especially for negatively charged dyes, due to its cationic polyelectrolyte nature. In this work, the adsorption of a model dye, methyl orange, xylenol orange on hollow CS microsphere is analyzed. Adsorption of methyl orange, xylenol orange onto cross‐linked CS is realized by means of analysis of pH influence, agitation time, and initial concentration of the dye. The results obtained from the experiment shows that the adsorption capacities of the two dye‐hollow CS microsphere systems are higher than those stated in other literature using CS particles. The difference in the degree of adsorption may also be attributed to the size and chemical structure of the dye molecule. The results have demonstrated that monovalent and smaller dye molecular sizes have superior capacities due to the increase in dye/CS surface ratio in the system and deeper penetration of dye molecules into the internal pore structure of hollow CS microsphere. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Enhanced selective adsorption of cation organic dyes on polyvinyl alcohol/agar/maltodextrin water-resistance biomembrane

In this study, we designed a novel hydrogel composite membrane based on the combination of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), agar, and maltodextrin through a facile solution-casting router. From Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, scanning electron microscopy, and swelling analyses, the formation of hydrogen bonds between surface functional groups of PVA, agar, and maltodextrin was confirmed. As a result, the PVA/agar/maltodextrin membranes exhibited a more hydrophobic nature compared with pure PVA. The thermal stability and integrity of such obtained composite membranes were also elucidated by the evaluation of thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical behavior. Besides, the composite membrane exhibited high selective adsorption for cationic dyes, namely 20.2 mg g⁻¹ for methylene blue and 19.17 mg g⁻¹ for crystal violet at initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L, an adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g, contact time of 180 min, and solution pH 7, while anionic dyes such as congo red and methyl orange are approximately zero. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm of the as-prepared composite membranes were well fitted to the pseudo-second-order and Temkin model. The effect of factors, including contact time, solution pH, PVA content, and initial dye concentration on the adsorption capacity of the as-prepared composite membrane was also investigated in detail. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137, 48904.     

改性橙皮对Cu^2＋吸附性能的研究

以橙子皮为原料,磷酸为改性剂,经化学改性手段制备改性橙子皮生物吸附剂,并研究了其吸附性能。通过单因素试验考察了吸附剂用量、p H、初始浓度和吸附时间对吸附性能的影响,并通过正交试验优化吸附条件。结果表明：吸附剂用量为0.12 g、p H=7、初始浓度为4 mol·L^-1、吸附时间为80 min时吸附性能最佳,吸附率可达91.2%。     

锰改性膨润土深度处理含铅废水的试验研究

采用氯化锰对膨润土进行改性,并用于深度处理含铅废水,考察了吸附时间、溶液初始pH值及吸附剂投加量对Pb2+吸附率的影响。结果表明在原水中Pb2+的质量浓度为1 mg/L,pH值为6,吸附时间为40 min,吸附剂投加量为20 mg/L,混凝剂投加量为60 mg/L的条件下,Pb2+的吸附率达到95%以上,出水中Pb2+的质量浓度小于0.05 mg/L,满足GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类标准的要求。     

改性粉煤灰处理含磷废水的研究

采用浓硫酸固相反应法对粉煤灰进行改性用于含磷废水的净化,考察了pH值,吸附剂用量,磷初始浓度,反应时间对净化过程的影响。通过实验发现溶液pH值在4-10范围内对磷的吸附过程影响不显著,改性粉煤灰可以在较宽的pH值范围内进行脱磷处理;随着粉煤灰加入量的增加和初始溶液中磷酸根浓度的降低,磷的净化率逐渐增加。对于含磷50 mg/L的溶液,当粉煤灰的投加量为1.5%时,磷的吸附效率可达99.66%,净化后水中含磷量为0.17 mg/L。改性粉煤灰对水中磷的净化过程速度较快,5 min可达到最大净化率。改性粉煤灰对磷的吸附等温线符合Freudlich方程。     

US/Fe~(3+)/H_2O_2体系超声催化降解甲基橙的研究

采用US/Fe3+/H2O2体系超声催化降解甲基橙,考察了超声波功率、Fe3+初始质量浓度、H2O2用量、甲基橙溶液的初始质量浓度及初始pH值对超声催化降解甲基橙的影响,初步探讨了其降解动力学规律。结果表明,US/Fe3+/H2O2体系能有效降解甲基橙,且超声波与Fenton试剂对甲基橙废水的降解存在强烈的协同作用;在pH=3、超声波功率500 W、Fe3+和H2O2的初始质量浓度分别为30 mg/L和150 mg/L时,对含30 mg/L的甲基橙溶液降解120 min,其去除率达到99.5%;甲基橙的超声催化降解符合一级反应动力学规律,且甲基橙的一级反应速率常数随其初始质量浓度增大而降低。     

Adsorption of Lignosulfonate Compound from Aqueous Solution onto Chitosan-Silica Beads

The main objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of crosslinked chitosan-tetraethoxy orthosilane (TEOS) (chitosan-silica) beads to be used as an adsorbent material to adsorb the lignosulfonate compound in solution. Different parameters affecting the adsorption capacity such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, pH, ionic strength, and temperature have been investigated. Adsorption isotherms of lignosulfonates onto chitosan-silica beads were also studied. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out and the optimum lignosulfonate adsorption onto chitosan-silica beads occurred at contact time of 30 minutes, the adsorbent dosage of 40 g/L, initial concentration of 50 mg/L, pH 5, and a temperature of 45°C. Adsorption isotherms studied through the use of graphical methods revealed that the adsorption of lignosulfonates onto chitosan-silica beads follows the Langmuir model, with the maximum adsorption capacity being 238.3 mg/g at pH 7. Adsorption is dependent on the ionic strength. The adsorption of lignosulfonate on chitosan-silica beads was best described with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.32 g · mg^?1 · min^?1, while intra-particle-diffusion was the main rate-determining step in the lignosulfonate adsorption process. The chitosan-silica beads investigated in this study were thus exhibited as a high potential adsorbent for the removal of lignosulfonate from solution.     

果胶/AMP-Zn微球的制备及对Cs 的吸附性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以Zn2+为交联剂,将磷钼酸铵(AMP)通过静电注射装置包埋于果胶中,制备了果胶/AMP-Zn微球吸附剂,用于放射性废水中Cs~+的去除。系统探讨了不同pH、吸附剂质量、接触时间、Cs~+质量浓度、温度及共存离子对果胶/AMP-Zn去除Cs~+的影响,并利用SEM、FTIR和XPS分析了吸附机理。结果表明:果胶/AMP-Zn可在pH=3~11内使用,耐酸碱性能良好,且在25℃、pH=5、Cs~+质量浓度为120 mg/L、吸附剂质量为0.05 g、接触时间为330 min的条件下,吸附剂的吸附量为41.837 mg/g;共存离子K+、Na+、Li+、Ca2+和Mg2+对Cs~+的吸附影响不大,说明该吸附剂具有较好的吸附选择性;热力学和动力学研究结果表明:此吸附过程符合Freundlich等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型,且是一个自发放热的过程。果胶/AMP-Zn吸附Cs~+的吸附机理可能是Cs~+与AMP上的NH4+发生离子交换作用。     

Preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol)/tetraethyl orthosilicate hybrid membranes modified with TMPTMS by sol-gel method for removal of lead from aqueous solutions

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/tetraethyl orthosilicate (PVA/TEOS) ion exchange hybrid membranes modified with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (TMPTMS) were prepared by the sol-gel method, and their applications for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions in a batch sorption process were studied. The functional groups of the hybrid membranes were characterized by FTIR. Batch adsorption studies such as TMPTMS content, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration and temperature were evaluated. The maximum adsorption capacity of lead ions was found to be 61.62mg g^?1, respectively. The kinetic data were analyzed by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to describe the equilibrium data. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the lead adsorption onto the membrane is an endothermic and spontaneous process. The PVA/TEOS/TMPTMS hybrid membrane is regenerated by 0.5M HNO₃/0.1 M HCl in equal ratio solution and the adsorption capacity did not change remarkably after five sorption-desorption cycles.