基于动态任务调度的STDS算法设计研究

任务调度是计算机多核处理器系统获得高性能的关键,而现有的多核任务调度算法研究,大多侧重于静态调度下的算法优化和负载均衡,对动态调度及动态负载均衡研究较少。针对动态调度,并结合异构多核的特点,提出一种基于核负载均衡的动态任务调度算法STDS。算法通过合理设定调度粒度,降低调度频率,从而减少调度消耗时间;根据异构多核处理器各核处理性能的差异,设置内核负载上下限值,控制内核负载保持在同一水平,以达到负载均衡效果。算法依据等待时间长短、任务间通信大小和内核负载轻重因素对任务进行实时调度,并可通过实时因子、负载因子等参数设置3种因素的影响比重,以满足系统的不同需求。仿真实验显示,在内核数目较多的系统中,STDS算法更加高效,在保证任务处理速度的同时有较好负载均衡。     

优化网格环境下任务调度的近视眼算法

任务调度是网格计算的关键技术之一,其作用是根据当前网格系统的负载情况,对系统内的任务进行调度,以提高系统运行效率。在普通任务调度算法的基础上,提出了近视眼任务调度算法,并通过性能分析得出近视眼调度算法在计算复杂度上优于普通算法的结论。     

增强Linux内核实时任务调度性能的研究

分析基本Linux内核的调度策略,指出其应用于实时系统时存在的不足,提出了一种增强Linux内核调度性能的实时任务调度策略和调度算法。结合任务的关键性、截止期和执行时间三要素,该调度策略通过三运行队列代替原Linux内核的单运行队列,分别对应系统的硬实时、软实时和非实时任务,保证了硬实时任务的实时性;不同于简单的FIFO调度算法,该调度算法根据任务的最小松弛时间和重要性来确定其在当前运行队列中的优先级,仿真结果表明此算法提高了实时调度性能。     

一种分布式实时系统任务调度算法的设计

结合分布式系统和实时系统的特点,分析了分布式系统任务调度算法和实时系统任务调度算法,为了能够较好地实现系统的并行性能、实时任务的调度性能以及网络的负载平衡,提出一种将分布式系统任务调度算法和实时系统任务调度算法想结合的算法,采用层次式调度算法以及动态权值的轮转调度算法和速率单调调度算法相结合,在队列权值固定的实验基础上,采用随机改变队列权值的算法,实验证明该随机改变队列权值的算法能够更好地调度任务.     

一种改进的基于任务复制的多核调度算法

在多核系统中,任务调度是决定系统性能的关键因素之一。为优化任务调度,基于一些典型的任务调度算法（如PPA,徐成提出的算法等）,提出了一种新的任务调度算法。该算法一方面合理确定前驱任务复制的先后顺序,而且进行两个阶段的复制,从而可以复制更多的前驱任务以减少调度长度和处理器上空余时间;另一方面,通过去除不影响任务系统调度长度的冗余簇,然后进行簇之间的合并,以减少处理机的数目和调度长度。实验表明,改进后的算法在任务调度的性能上优于典型算法。     

一种基于梯形自调度技术的集群任务调度的实现

通过比较目前几种集群任务调度算法,选择基于集中队列的动态调度算法——梯形自调度算法（TSS）,实现了一个基于集群的任务调度系统GTS。GTS是一个用户级的任务调度系统,它建立于Linux之上,主要负责对用户任务的调度。通过测试,GTS系统可以胜任集群工作站中的任务调度并在结点数较多的情况下大幅度提高应用问题的性能。     

基于调度器的Hadoop性能优化方法研究

为了提高Hadoop调度器的调度性能,缩短Hadoop集群的任务整体响应时间,提出了一种基于CPU占用率的动态调度改进算法.首先对Hadoop传统的性能优化方法进行了对比,指出其存在问题的关键是缺乏动态性和灵活性.在此基础上,深入分析Hadoop默认任务调度模型,提出了一种以CPU占用率作为负载指标,在循环分配任务时根据反馈的负载指标判断节点负载情况的算法,动态适应负载变化.实验结果表明,该算法在Hadoop集群中,能有效提高集群性能.     

基于放置代价的可重构系统任务统一调度算法

高效的任务调度算法对可重构系统的性能有极大的影响。针对目前可重构系统任务在线调度算法的不足,提出了一种基于放置代价的调度算法。该算法考虑了3种代价,分别为:硬件任务在FPGA上的执行时间、占用的FPGA面积以及FPGA的碎片情况,并且也考虑了软硬件任务的统一调度。在调度过程中,当代价超过设定的阈值时,就拒绝其在FPGA上运行,并由CPU执行其软实现。通过合理地拒绝一些代价较大的任务,能够从整体上提高任务调度成功率。实验表明,同已有算法相比,该算法能够获得更高的任务截止保证率。     

异构集群的一种基于遗传的负载均衡改进算法

计算机集群系统是通过网络将一组PC或工作站连接起来,架构成的高可靠、可扩展的集群服务器,能够统一调度、协调运行,实现高效并行处理。负载均衡是集群系统良好性能的保障。用节点的总体资源、CPU的就绪队列长度和节点的任务数来构造遗传算法的目标函数,既考虑了集群异构的特点,又能很好的体现负载程度,通过使用网络压力测试工具对该算法进行性能测试,表明了其具有比较好的优越性。     

异构多核计算系统的Codelet任务调度策略

Codelet数据流计算模型在处理大规模并行计算任务时效果显著,但该模型目前缺少在异构多核环境中的任务调度策略。因此,提出了一种在异构多核环境下基于蚁群算法的Codelet任务调度策略。该调度策略将启发式算法与蚁群算法相融合,在发挥各自优势的同时克服了启发式算法不能得出最优解的缺陷以及蚁群算法初始信息匮乏的问题。实验结果表明,智能蚁群任务调度策略相比Codelet运行时系统中原生的动态调度和静态调度策略具有更高的执行效率。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。