Determination of 5-fluorouracil in plasma and whole blood by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography

5-Fluorouracil in blood or plasma was determined by extraction and column liquid chromatography. Acetonitrile was added to blood or plasma and the mixture was stirred and centrifuged. Zinc sulfate addition was followed by stirring and centrifuging. The acetonitrile was salted out with ammonium sulfate, and an aliquot was evaporated with nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in mobile phase and chromatographed. The stationary phase was a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, and the mobile phase was 10 mM tetrabutylammonium hydroxide-methanol (74:26). 5-Fluorouracil was detected by UV absorption at 266 nm. Time of the assay was less than 30 min. The detection limit was 10 ng/ml and the relative standard deviation was 4 to 10% depending on the concentration.     

基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱用于人参皂甙Rg3的定量分析

考察了基体辅助激光解吸电离时间飞行质谱用于人参皂甙Rg3 定量分析时内标的选择。加入棉子糖作为内标时 ,Rg3 的定量标准曲线的回归系数R2 =0 .938,平均相对误差为 2 8 6 % ;加入性质相近的芦丁后 ,Rg3 的定量标准曲线的回归系数R2 =0 993,平均相对误差为 7 5 %。分辨率的提高以及采用Rg3 和内标物的质谱峰的相对面积来代表Rg3 的浓度可以使定量的重现性明显改善     

Determination of bencyclane in human plasma by means of capillary gas chromatography and nitrogen-phosphorus selective detection

A sensitive and specific method for the determination of bencyclane in human plasma is presented. Bencyclane was extracted from human plasma with two 3-ml volumes of isooctane and was shaken for 10 min. The organic phase was separated and evaporated to dryness at 40 degrees C under a nitrogen stream. The residue was dissolved and an aliquot was injected into the gas chromatograph. The separation was performed with a DB-17 column with helium as the carrier gas. Nitrogen-selective detection was performed. The quantification was performed with the signal output. The limit of detection was 1 ng/ml.     

松香改性酚醛环氧树脂的合成与表征

以松香,环氧氯丙烷,甲醛及苯酚等为主要原料,合成了一种新型的环氧树脂。通过正交实验法确定了环氧化反应的最佳实验条件,即环氧化温度90℃,碱用量13 g,催化剂为cat 1,其最佳用量为0.018 mol,环氧氯丙烷的用量为50 g,碱浓度为30%(以上数值均以松香用量为70 g时计)。在最佳实验条件下合成得到了松香改性酚醛环氧树脂(简称RAPE),并用HPLC、FT-IR、NMR对其进行结构表征。结果表明,得到的RAPE其环氧值为0.28 mol/100g,平均聚合度约为3.4,酚羟基和树脂酸上的羧基基本反应完全,得到一种新型的缩水甘油醚型和缩水甘油酯型的环氧树脂。     

Dawson型磷钨酸催化合成乳酸月桂醇酯

用Dawson型磷钨酸催化合成乳酸月桂醇酯。实验结果表明:Dawson型磷钨酸有较高的催化活性,反应时间短,酯收率高,工艺简单。最佳工艺条件为:醇/酸摩尔比为1.5:1,催化剂用量为0.3%,带水剂甲苯体积(mL)与反应物质量(g)之比为0.4:1~0.5:1,反应温度为115~140℃,反应时间30~50min。在此条件下,酯收率可超过93% 。     

含DNA配体的VT吸附剂结构及其血液相容性研究

 本文以异氰尿酸三烯丙酯 TAIC)为交联剂,醋酸乙烯酯(VAC)为单体合成的共聚物(VT),经皂化和活化后,固载上DNA,即得含DNA配体的VT吸附剂。测定了各产物的物理性能,表面形态,红外光谱和血液相容性。实验结果表明:聚合物具有较大平均孔径,皂化后亲水性增强,随活化而使比表面积增大,孔分布趋于均匀,固载DNA的能力高,致使最后产物表面DNA覆盖致密程度高,考察其血液相容性良好,对血小板粘附率约为10％,对白细胞无破坏,每克吸附剂清除抗-DNA蛋白2小时可达60％以上。     

Electro-responsive polyacrylamide-grafted-gum ghatti copolymer for transdermal drug delivery application

An application of polyacrylamide-grafted-gum ghatti (PAAm-g-GGH) copolymer for transdermal delivery of an anti-psychotic drug, quetiapine fumerate triggered by electric stimulus was explored. The electro-responsive PAAm-g-GGH was prepared by free radical polymerization underneath nitrogen atmosphere subsequent to alkaline hydrolysis. The PAAm-g-GGH was used as drug reservoir gel and crosslinked films of GGH and PVA as rate controlling membranes (RCM). The reservoir gels were uniform and translucent; pH of gels was 6.56–7.06, which is in the pH range of skin and drug content was from 89.57% to 94.51%. The thickness of RCMs was 163–227?μ; thickness was increased with increased glutaraldehyde concentration and all the RCMs were permeable to water vapors. When electric stimulus was absent, a small amount of drug was permeated from the formulations, while drug conveyance was enhanced in the existence of stimulus. Drug permeation was increased with increase in electric stimulus from 2 to 8?mA. Over two fold increase in flux was observed after application of electric stimulus. Under “on–off” electric stimulus, faster drug permeation was seen under ‘on’ condition and permeation was decreased when stimulus was ‘off.’ Histopathology study confirmed reversible alteration of skin structure under electric stimulus.     

亲水相互作用色谱柱串联C18柱高效分析饮品中的胭脂红

建立了亲水相互作用色谱柱(HILIC)串联C18柱的方法,高效分离实际样品中的胭脂红,并对色谱柱的串联顺序以及色谱分离条件进行优化。结果表明:当HILIC柱在前C18柱在后,流动相为乙腈-乙酸铵(5 mmol/L)=91∶9(V/V),流速为0.9 mL/min,柱温为25℃,检测波长为508 nm时,此时胭脂红的分离效果最佳。在最佳的色谱分离条件下,选用两种市售饮品进行实际样品的测定,回收率在81.2%~119%。方法适用于水相样品中的强极性物质的高效分离与分析。     

植物油酸新戊二醇对苯二甲酸复合酯的合成及性能

用新戊二醇(NPG)和对苯二甲酰氯(TPA)反应生成“低聚物”中间体,当n(NPG)/n(TPA)由2.4增加至3.0时,中间体的聚合度(m)在3.5~1.45之间,收率75.5%。再将中间体与油酸、菜籽油酸进行酯化得到复合酯,收率88.5%。结果表明,复合酯的粘度随着分子量的增大而增大,粘度指数大于125,凝点低于－27℃,氧化稳定性随分子量的增大而提高,生物降解率＞70%,最大无卡咬负荷(PB)为784N,磨斑直径0.41mm,热分解温度＞250 ℃,因此植物油酸新戊二醇对苯二甲酸复合酯是性能良好的绿色润滑剂。     

高效液相色谱法测定葛根芩连片中的葛根素

建立高效液相色谱测定葛根芩连片中葛根素含量的方法。以体积分数50%的甲醇为提取液对样品超声提取20 min,采用DiamonsilTMC18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇–乙腈–水(体积比8∶12∶80)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为250 nm,柱温为30.0℃,进样量体积10μL。在最佳实验条件下,葛根素与其它物质能完全分离,葛根素的质量浓度在5.43~543.2μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r=0.999 9,方法检出限为3.50μg/mL(S/N=3)。方法加标回收率为100.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.6%(n=6)。该方法简单、快速、重现性好,适用于葛根芩连片中葛根素的测定。     

A New Capillary Electrophoresis Apparatus with Piezoelectric Ceramics High Voltage Source and Amperometric Detector

IntroductionHighperformancecapiliar}'electrophoresis(HPCE)isanewanalyticaltechnology'rapidly'developedinrecentyears.Withtheadvantagesofsmallsample.highsensitivity,highresolution.rapidanalysisandverycheaprunning,ithasbeenappliedinchemistry'.lifescienc...     

高效液相色谱–光电二极管阵列法测定虾青素的含量

建立虾青素含量测定的高效液相色谱–光电二极管阵列法。采用Purospher STAR RP 18(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇–水(体积比为95∶5)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长为482 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。在所选定的液相色谱条件下,虾青素主峰与其它杂质峰分离良好,虾青素在0.2~16μg/mL范围内线性良好,线性相关系数r=0.999 9,检出限为0.01μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.42%(n=6),平均回收率为100.4%。该法分析快速准确、灵敏度高、重现性好。     

工艺条件对酸性大豆蛋白固体饮料品质的影响

对影响酸性大豆蛋白固体饮料品质的因素进行了研究,并优化了酸性大豆蛋白固体饮料制备的工艺条件,研究发现最佳制备工艺条件为大豆蛋白与大豆多糖添加质量比为1∶0.22、干燥前调节混合液p H值为7.0、先混和大豆多糖和麦芽糊精再与大豆蛋白混合、喷雾干燥并取收集桶中样品,在此条件下制备的新型大豆蛋白固体饮料溶解性较好,且调制成的酸性大豆蛋白液体饮料的沉淀率较低,仅为0.95%。     

穿心莲内酯的溶剂浮选

应用溶剂浮选法对穿心莲乙醇提取液中的穿心莲内酯进行分离富集,优化了穿心莲内酯的浮选条件.实验表明:浮选溶剂为乙酸乙酯,水相与有机相体积比为2: 1,加入水相体积4%的乙醇,溶液pH 7,氮气流速200 mL/min,浮选时间40 min为最佳浮选条件.在最佳实验条件下,穿心莲内酯平均收率为94.1%; RSD为1.1%,平均标准加入回收率95.1%; 富集倍数为9.7倍.溶剂浮选法分离穿心莲内酯不仅能得到满意的回收率和富集倍数,并能有效地除去水溶性杂质,提高目标物纯度.与溶剂萃取法相比, 溶剂浮选法能节约有机溶剂和操作时间.     

Selective flow-injection determination of methanol in the presence of ethanol based on a multi-enzyme system with chemiluminescence detection

A highly selective flow-injection system was developed for the determination of methanol. The system consisted of three immobilized enzymes with luminol chemiluminescence detection. First, methanol was oxidized in the presence of alcohol oxidase to yield formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide produced was then destroyed by catalase. The formaldehyde formed in the first stage was further oxidized by NAD⁺-formaldehyde dehydrogenase. The NADH formed was oxidized by 1-methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methylsulphate (1-MPMS), and finally the reduced 1-MPMS was spontaneously oxidized and hydrogen peroxide was produced. The concentration of the hydrogen peroxide produced, which was proportional to the initial concentration of methanol, was determined by luminol chemiluminescence. The determination range was from 0.1 to 100 mg l⁻¹ and the response time was less than 2 min per sample with a relative standard deviation of less than 3%. The system showed good selectivity for methanol; the response was ca. 50 times higher than for ethanol.     

Dissolution and bioavailability of phenobarbital in solid dispersion with phosphatidylcholine.

The dissolution of phenobarbital (PB) from solid dispersion with phosphatidylcholine (PC) was studied. PB was present in an amorphous state in solid dispersion (PB-PC) if the mole fraction of PB was under 0.75. Thus, supersaturation was observed when an excess amount of PB-PC was dispersed in pH 1.2 and 6.8 media. The degree of supersaturation was largest when the mole fraction of PB was 0.25, although it was only 1.3-fold of the PB solubility in this case. Dissolution from PB-PC was rapid and complete in both pH 1.2 and 6.8 media regardless of the mole fraction of PB, above 90% within 5 min. Bioavailability after the oral administration of PB-PC to rabbits with a dose of 15 mg/kg equivalent to PB was compared with that of PB crystals. The area under the plasma concentration curve was bigger, but not significant. The maximum concentration was significantly higher, and the time to maximum concentration was significantly faster. These results indicate that the absorption rate became high with PB-PC because the dissolution was rapid.     

模拟首饰佩戴中有害元素释放量的研究

建立首饰佩戴动态磨损模型,对首饰磨损过程中有害元素的迁移进行了研究.用原子吸收光谱法测定有害元素释放量,发现在模拟首饰佩戴过程中,佩戴时间越长,有害元素的释放量越大,释放量随时间的增加基本呈线性增长;80％的有害元素在日常磨损过程中离子化;饰品日常佩戴磨损过程中有害元素的释放量是饰品直接释放量的40％.     

丙烯腈废水中有机物的高压放电法降解机理

利用气相色谱-质谱探讨了丙烯腈废水中有机物的高压放电法降解机理.结果表明:丙烯腈的氰基首先被破坏生成丙烯酸,丙烯酸进一步被氧化生成乙酸,乙酸降解为甲酸,最后生成CO2.丁二腈首先降解为丁二酸,丁二酸再生成丙酸,并逐步降解为乙酸、甲酸,最后生成CO2.二氰乙基胺在降解过程中依次生成丙腈、丙酸、乙酸和甲酸,最后生成CO2....     

毛细管电泳对萘普生对映体的分离及定量分析

以环糊精及其衍生物作为毛细管电泳手性分离的添加剂,采用正极进样,对酸性药物萘普生对映体的分离进行研究,结果表明该途径能在较短的时间内使对映体达到基线分离。还研究了缓冲体系ｐＨ值对萘普生对映体分离的影响,结果表明,ｐＨ５．５时分离效果最佳,且耗时最短。对ＣＥ定量能力（线性,精度）进行了考察,获得满意的结果,线性相关系数为０．９９８,ＲＳＤ低于４．４％。     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定维血康颗粒中总铁

建立火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定维血康颗粒中总铁的含量,火焰类型选择空气–乙炔,测定波长为248.3 nm,测定时间为4.0 s,燃气流量为0.9 L/min,以氘灯作为背景校正。铁的质量浓度在2.4~28.8μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r~2=0.999 8。6次测定结果的相对标准偏差小于1.0%,样品加样回收率为93.89%,方法检出限为0.011 3μg/mL。该方法具有准确度高,稳定性、重复性好等优点,可用于维血康颗粒中总铁含量的测定。