钢框架内填预制带竖缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为改进钢框架内填预制带竖缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能,将耳板引入钢框剪与内填墙的连接中。通过2个两层单跨缩尺比为1∶3的钢框架内填预制带竖缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙模型试件的拟静力试验研究,考察了耳板连接的可靠性和内填墙裂缝的开展与结构变形能力,分析了结构的破坏机理、滞回性能、刚度退化、变形及延性和耗能能力等。试验结果表明：抗剪连接件(U形筋)在梁柱节点上下耳板的连接处未发生破坏,耳板连接具有可靠的工作性能;钢框架带竖缝剪力墙结构具有良好的延性,平均位移延性系数大于3;内填墙的承载力由竖缝根部的剪切破坏控制。     

预制RC框架内嵌带竖缝剪力墙结构抗震性能研究

为研究预制钢筋混凝土框架内嵌带竖缝剪力墙(PRCFW)结构的抗震性能,对2个单跨两层、缩尺比为1∶2的PRCFW试件进行了拟静力试验研究。考察了PRCFW结构的变形和延性、滞回耗能能力、承载力及刚度退化等性能,分析了框架与内填墙之间的抗剪连接件对结构整体性能的影响。试验结果表明：在加载过程中,设计的抗剪连接件性能可靠,未发生疲劳剪断或锚固破坏;内填墙设置竖缝对PRCFW结构的初期刚度影响较小;进入屈服段后,预制竖缝阻碍了斜裂缝的发展和贯通,缝间墙段以弯曲变形为主,承载力和刚度退化缓慢,使结构整体具有良好的延性和耗能能力。不同轴压比下的框架柱和现浇节点基本完好,破坏主要发生在内填墙和梁端。结合试验和分析结果,提出了PRCFW结构在工程设计时的若干补充计算及构造措施建议。     

半刚接钢框架内填不同构造措施钢筋混凝土墙子结构抗震性能试验研究

为研究半刚接钢框架内填RC墙结构的抗震性能,提出了一种考虑内填墙边界条件的子结构模型,进行了3榀1/3缩尺的3层单跨半刚接钢框架内填RC墙子结构的低周往复加载试验,研究了不同构造内填RC墙对结构抗震性能的影响,得到了试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、位移延性系数、刚度退化、耗能能力及水平剪力分配。试验结果表明:内填贯通竖缝RC墙及暗竖缝RC墙试件的滞回曲线饱满,耗能能力强,但水平承载力及抗侧刚度略低,破坏模式均为缝间墙的弯曲破坏;内填实体RC墙试件的滞回曲线捏缩明显,耗能能力较弱,但水平承载力及抗侧刚度较高,破坏模式为内填墙的剪切破坏;内填墙降低了地震作用下周边框架节点转动能力,半刚性节点的最终塑性转角不超过0.025 rad,可避免钢框架节点失效导致的脆性破坏。内填墙承担约80%的水平荷载,但随着水平荷载的增大逐渐降低。     

半刚接钢框架内填RC墙结构滞回性能试验——局部性能分析

通过对3榀2层1跨的半刚接钢框架内填钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构(简称PSRCW)的低周反复荷载试验,重点研究结构局部受力性能,分析PSRCW结构中半刚性节点及内填墙的破坏模式与变形能力、钢框架与内填墙界面分离及滑移、以及两者之间的内力分配等局部性能。分析结果表明:内填墙的存在对半刚接节点的变形能力具有一定刚化影响,降低了节点的转动能力;在确保抗剪连接件在加载过程中不发生疲劳断裂的前提下,不同类型的抗剪连接件对PSRCW结构性能影响不明显;同时,为了避免抗剪连接件疲劳断裂,建议内填墙采用低强度等级的混凝土,或采用U形弯筋或槽钢连接件。在设计荷载水平,内填墙分担80%水平剪力,钢框架分担60%的倾覆力矩。     

半刚接钢框架内填RC墙结构滞回性能试验——整体性能分析

半刚接钢框架内填钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构(简称PSRCW)在低周反复荷载作用下抗剪栓钉易发生疲劳断裂,从而使结构后期承载力衰减过快,延性较差。为了进一步改善结构的延性性能,采用槽钢、U形钢筋及抗剪栓钉三种不同形式的抗剪连接件,通过3榀1/3缩尺、两层、单跨PSRCW试件的低周反复荷载试验,重点研究抗剪连接件对结构性能的影响,分析结构的传力机理、破坏模式、滞回性能、刚度退化、变形及延性、耗能能力等。试验结果表明:加载过程中,抗剪连接件未发生疲劳断裂,试件的后期承载力退化缓慢,试件的变形能力、延性性能以及耗能能力均得到大幅提高,试件呈内填墙压碎的延性破坏模式。抗剪连接件的抗剪能力应与混凝土内填墙的抗剪能力相协调,内填墙混凝土强度等级不宜过高,避免抗剪连接件的破坏模式由剪断控制。PSRCW结构中抗剪连接件不发生疲劳断裂是结构发生延性破坏的重要前提。     

钢框架内填预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙试验研究

为改进钢框架内填预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能,将耳板装置引入钢框架与内填墙的连接中.通过2个2层单跨钢框架内填预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙1/3模型试件的循环荷载试验,考察耳板连接装置的可靠性和内填墙裂缝的开展与结构变形能力,分析结构的破坏机理、滞回性能、刚度退化、变形及延性等,并对钢框架内填预制混凝土剪力墙体系与现浇混凝土剪力墙体系和带竖缝混凝土剪力墙体系进行对比.研究结果表明:抗剪连接件(U形筋)在梁柱节点上下耳板的帮助下未发生破坏,耳板连接装置具有可靠的工作性能;合理设计的钢框架内填预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构具有良好的延性.     

带边框开竖缝钢筋砼低矮墙的试验研究

本文通过对带边框钢筋砼低矮墙开竖缝与不开竖缝的试验研究，探讨了带边框开竖缝的钢筋砼低矮墙的抗震性能、承载能力和极限变形能力。试验结果表明，在带边框的整体墙板上开竖缝，能够大大改善整体墙的极限变形能力和耗能能力，而且开缝墙具有刚度大、后期变形稳定的特点。     

开缝钢板墙及其在高层钢框架结构中应用试设计

介绍6组共12个1∶4缩尺开缝钢板墙试件往复加载试验研究。试验结果表明,由于钢板中对角拉带作用的存在,开设双层竖缝钢板墙的性能比开设单层竖缝钢板墙的性能更好。根据试验结果并结合理论分析,建议考虑板带端部附加变形影响的开缝钢板墙抗侧刚度与受剪承载力计算公式。以北京长富宫饭店钢框架结构为背景,试设计了一填充开竖缝钢板墙的框架结构,基于结构弹性层间位移角满足要求与墙板屈服时侧移角不小于1/300的原则,介绍了布设开缝钢板墙的方法与结构抗震设计过程,通过对新设计结构与原结构弹塑性时程分析结果及用钢量的比较,表明设置开缝钢板墙不仅可以提高框架结构的抗侧刚度,改善整体结构的抗震性能,而且可以节省钢材,震损后易于更换,是改善框架结构抗震性能的一种有效方法。     

带竖缝混凝土墙的装配式框架消能子结构抗震性能试验研究

为提高装配式钢筋混凝土框架抗震能力,提出带竖缝混凝土墙的装配式消能减震框架结构体系。通过1个消能子结构试件的低周反复加载试验,考察消能子结构和竖缝混凝土墙设计方法的合理性,分析试件破坏模式、滞回性能、承载力、延性、抗侧刚度及变形特征等。通过有限元分析竖缝混凝土墙的抗震性能,研究带竖缝混凝土墙的装配式框架消能子结构的受力机理。结果表明：罕遇地震作用下,消能子结构中梁柱轻微损伤,梁柱节点及齿槽连接区钢筋基本保持弹性,结构损伤主要集中于竖缝混凝土墙;消能子结构的极限位移角为1/30,位移延性系数为3.25,变形和耗能能力良好;消能子结构弹性抗侧刚度理论值与试验值相对误差为10.4%;竖缝混凝土墙模拟和规范计算得到的极限位移和特征点荷载吻合较好;竖缝混凝土墙对实体墙两端梁截面产生附加阻尼力,缝间墙斜撑作用使其外侧和中间墙肢发生差异性破坏。建议带竖缝混凝土墙的装配式框架消能子结构在多遇和罕遇地震作用下的层间位移角限值分别按1/800和1/100控制;竖缝混凝土墙设计时应考虑斜撑作用,按压弯剪复合受力进行设计,并加强外侧缝间墙墙肢抗剪配筋构造。     

半刚接钢框架内填高延性纤维混凝土剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究

采用高延性纤维混凝土(DFRC)改善半刚性连接钢框架内填RC剪力墙结构(PSRCW)的抗震性能和变形能力,设计1榀半刚性连接钢框架内填DFRC剪力墙试件(SDFRCW),并进行拟静力试验,研究其破坏机理、滞回性能、刚度退化、延性及耗能能力,并与已有文献的试验结果进行比较可得:1DFRC良好的拉伸性能和应变硬化效应,可以有效控制内填墙体的斜裂缝稳定发展,实现延性剪切破坏模式;2SDFRCW试件的开裂位移、屈服位移和极限位移明显高于PSRCW试件,可见采用DFRC能显著提高SDFRCW结构的层间变形能力;3SDFRCW试件破坏时,内填DFRC剪力墙已出现较宽的主斜裂缝,但墙体始终保持良好的整体性,试件承载力和刚度退化缓慢,说明采用DFRC可显著提高墙体的耐损伤能力,减少结构的震后修复费用;4SDFRCW结构具有良好的层间变形能力,能有效控制结构在小震和中震作用下的变形,满足大震作用下的变形能力和耗能要求。     

Cyclic behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill walls

In order to investigate the behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill wall (PSRCW), two specimens with one-third scale, one-bay, and two-story were performed under reversed cyclic lateral load, where one specimen was with concealed vertical slits in the infill walls and another specimen with solid infill walls. Test results showed that both specimens obtained enough lateral stiffness for controlling drift and yielded enough strength appropriate for resisting lateral load. PSRCW with solid infill walls exhibited moderate ductility capacity and energy dissipation due to the degradation of post-peak strength. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits exhibited much larger ductility, deformability, and energy dissipation capacity than the other one. Once concealed vertical slits were crushed, infill walls behaved as a series of flexural columns provided fairly ductile response and stable cyclic performance. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits can improve post-peak strength degradation considerably. In addition, damaged PSRCW structure subjected to earthquake is easy to be repaired, through knocking off the heavy crushed infill walls and recasting concrete infill walls. This is another advantage of this composite structure.     

Cyclic behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill walls

In order to investigate the behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill wall (PSRCW), two specimens with one-third scale, one-bay, and two-story were performed under reversed cyclic lateral load, where one specimen was with concealed vertical slits in the infill walls and another specimen with solid infill walls. Test results showed that both specimens obtained enough lateral stiffness for controlling drift and yielded enough strength appropriate for resisting lateral load. PSRCW with solid infill walls exhibited moderate ductility capacity and energy dissipation due to the degradation of post-peak strength. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits exhibited much larger ductility, deformability, and energy dissipation capacity than the other one. Once concealed vertical slits were crushed, infill walls behaved as a series of flexural columns provided fairly ductile response and stable cyclic performance. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits can improve post-peak strength degradation considerably. In addition, damaged PSRCW structure subjected to earthquake is easy to be repaired, through knocking off the heavy crushed infill walls and recasting concrete infill walls. This is another advantage of this composite structure.     

Capacity design for composite partially restrained steel frame‐reinforced concrete infill walls with concealed vertical slits

This paper presents an innovative capacity‐based design procedure that aims to achieve the ideal seismic performance for the composite partially restrained (PR) steel frame‐reinforced concrete (RC) infill wall with concealed vertical slits (PSRCW‐CVS). The proposed method adopts the direct capacity design principles and preselected preferred plastic mechanism such that the RC infill wall undergoes ductile failure prior to the other steel components in the event of a rare‐level earthquake (i.e., earthquake with a 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years). Based on the ultimate resisting capacity of RC infill walls, the free‐body diagrams and simplified design formulae for the surrounding steel components, including the vertical boundary element (VBE), horizontal boundary element (HBE), PR connection, and shear connectors, were proposed. To demonstrate the reasonability of the capacity‐based design procedure, a five‐story PSRCW‐CVS structure was designed according to the proposed design method, followed by a series of nonlinear time history analyses. The overall seismic response of this example was evaluated in terms of story displacement, interstory drift ratio, residual story displacement, and residual interstory drift ratio. The proposed method yielded a more uniform interstory drift ratio distribution along the height of the five‐story PSRCW‐CVS structure. Structural damage was controlled by achieving the preselected preferred plastic mechanism.     

Experimental Study on Low Cyclic Loading Tests of Steel Plate Shear Walls with Multilayer Slits

A new type of earthquake-resisting element that consists of a steel plate shear wall with slits is introduced. The infill steel plate is divided into a series of vertical flexural links with vertical links. The steel plate shear walls absorb energy by means of in-plane bending deformation of the flexural links and the energy dissipation capacity of the plastic hinges formed at both ends of the flexural links when under lateral loads. In this paper, finite element analysis and experimental studies at low cyclic loadings were conducted on specimens with steel plate shear walls with multilayer slits. The effects caused by varied slit pattern in terms of slit design parameters on lateral stiffness, ultimate bearing capacity and hysteretic behavior of the shear walls were analyzed. Results showed that the failure mode of steel plate shear walls with a single-layer slit was more likely to be out-of-plane buckling of the flexural links. As a result, the lateral stiffness and the ultimate bearing capacity were relatively lower when the precondition of the total height of the vertical slits remained the same. Differently, the failure mode of steel plate shear walls with multilayer slits was prone to global buckling of the infill steel plates; more obvious tensile fields provided evidence to the fact of higher lateral stiffness and excellent ultimate bearing capacity. It was also concluded that multilayer specimens exhibited better energy dissipation capacity compared with single-layer plate shear walls.     

带砌体填充墙框架弹性抗侧刚度计算方法对比分析

对于带砌体填充墙框架,当填充墙与框架紧密接触时,填充墙将会提高纯框架的侧向刚度,可能改变结构的平面及竖向侧向刚度分布,影响其在地震作用下的承载力及耗能能力等抗震性能。 为研究带填充墙框架在弹性阶段抗侧刚度的合理计算方法, 整理了以等效斜压杆模型为主的国内外相关计算公式, 并结合近年来带填充墙的框架在低周往复荷载作用下的试验, 将理论计算结果与试验实测值进行对比分析。结果表明： 在带填充墙的RC框架中,直接考虑填充墙弯曲变形和剪切变形得到的弹性阶段抗侧刚度计算值为实测值的1.94~8.05倍;在等效斜压杆模型中,斜压杆的宽度对抗侧刚度的计算结果影响很大;斜压杆宽度的取值应考虑填充墙与框架之间相对刚度的影响,其中MSJC提出的斜压杆宽度计算公式较为合理。     

半刚接钢框架内填RC墙结构抗震设计方法(Ⅱ):算例

作者在文献[1]中提出了半刚接钢框架内填RC墙结构（简称PSRCW）的两阶段抗震设计方法。该文用此方法设计了1榀6层3跨PSRCW结构,采用塑性机构法、Pushover分析方法及弹塑性时程法对设计算例进行了地震反应分析,评估了算例结构的抗震性能。结果表明：塑性机构法同采用组合斜压板带模型所得到的极限水平承载力相近,结构的整体超强系数为3.34,具有较大的抗侧能力和超强性能。在多遇及罕遇地震下结构的层间侧移比满足现行抗震规范要求,结构具有良好的抗震性能,进一步证明了PSRCW结构的两阶段抗震设计方法的合理性。     

开缝钢板墙抗震性能的试验研究

为了研究开缝形式对开缝钢板墙抗震性能的影响,完成了6组共12片1∶4比例的开缝钢板墙试件的往复加载试验。试验结果表明:开单层竖缝钢板墙的屈曲形态是竖缝间板带的单独扭转屈曲形态(第一类屈曲形态),屈服与破坏集中在竖缝的端部,造成竖缝间板带逐渐断裂,导致试件的刚度与承载力逐渐下降,滞回曲线出现剪切滑移现象;开双层竖缝钢板墙的屈曲是板内对角方向形成斜拉带的整板屈曲形态(第二类屈曲形态),到剪切位移角超过4%,试件的承载力没有出现下降,且滞回曲线相对饱满;竖缝间板带的长宽比越大,试件的抗侧刚度与屈服承载力越低;与开单层竖缝试件相比,开双层竖缝墙板的抗侧刚度与屈服承载力均明显提高。建议的试件初始刚度和承载力理论计算结果与试验得到的结果基本一致。     

填充墙外廊式RC框架结构倒塌振动台试验研究

为研究外廊式RC框架结构体系中填充墙对结构抗地震倒塌性能的影响,以汶川地震中倒塌的漩口中学教学楼为原型,进行了一个缩尺比例为1∶4的外廊式框架结构模型振动台试验,得到了结构地震倒塌的全过程现象和破坏倒塌机制。试验结果表明：模型结构在振动台上的倒塌始于结构底层教室侧纵向框架柱的破坏,该侧框架柱破坏位置集中在柱端和半高填充墙位置处,形成明显塑性铰;之后,纵向另外两榀框架柱相继失效,造成结构底层率先倒塌,继而产生更大范围的逐层连续倒塌,与实际震害的倒塌模式基本一致。进一步利用ABAQUS有限元软件,建立了有无填充墙外廊式框架结构的数值模型,进行了底层柱剪力和塑性铰分布情况分析,结果表明,半高填充墙对柱的约束效应对结构损伤分布和破坏机制产生较大影响,建议在设计中应考虑填充墙的刚度,避免半高填充墙与柱的硬连接布置。