乳腺良性病变非弥漫分布钙化X线表现与病理相关性研究

目的 研究乳腺X线非弥漫分布钙化在良性病变中的诊断价值.方法 搜集行全数字化乳腺X线平片中出现钙化并经手术证实为良性病变者98例.对钙化在形态、分布、数目、直径、密集度、密度、钙化伴随情况、BI-RADS分类行统计分析.结果 不同乳腺良性病变钙化在形态、分布、数目、BI-RADS分类上差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).结论 乳腺X线平片以非弥漫分布钙化表现的良性病变可通过上述征象进行初步鉴别,为临床治疗提供诊断依据.     

乳腺良、恶性疾病钙化的X线表现分析

目的评价乳腺钙化的X线表现在乳腺良、恶性疾病鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析270例伴有乳腺钙化的乳腺疾病患者,其病变性质经手术病理、穿刺活检或随访证实,分析其乳腺钙化的X线表现特点及乳腺良、恶性疾病中钙化的差异。结果乳腺X线检查中,良性病变的钙化多为圆点状、小片状、蛋壳样,散在分布,密度较高;恶性病变的钙化多为泥沙状、短棒状、针尖状,簇状分布,密度较低。乳腺良、恶性病变的钙化在形态、大小、密度、分布等方面均存在显著差异(Ρ<0.05)。结论乳腺钙化的X线表现在乳腺良、恶性疾病鉴别中具有重要价值。     

高频乳腺X线片对乳腺良恶性病变钙化的分析

目的研究高频乳腺X线片对鉴别乳腺良、恶性病变钙化的意义。方法152例经临床和病理证实的女性乳腺良、恶性病变患者（87例良性病变和65例恶性病变）均经高频乳腺X线摄影。回顾性分析了所有患者的乳腺X线表现，并着重鉴别了乳腺良、恶性病变钙化的X线特征。结果在乳腺X线片上，大多数良性病变的钙化表现为散在分布的粗颗粒状、环状或斑片状灶，形态规则，密度较高，而恶性病变的钙化多呈簇状分布的细颗粒与导管型，诸如泥沙状、短棒状、针尖状灶，形态不规则，密度较低。结论乳腺病变钙化的X线表现随病变性质而不同，因此，高频乳腺X线片对鉴别乳腺良、恶性病变起重要作用。     

乳腺钙化的X线影像评价

乳腺X线摄影经常发现钙化,但判断其性质是诊断难点。本文重点从钙化的形态和与之关联的密度、钙化的分布特点等方面系统评价乳腺钙化,并对乳腺钙化产生的原因和对钙化的诊断技巧进行探讨。     

多发钙化的钼靶X线特征与乳腺良恶性疾病的分析

目的：分析全数字化乳腺钼靶片中多发钙化特征对乳腺良恶性病变鉴别诊断的价值。方法：分析60例乳腺X线钼靶片中显示多发钙化病例,全部经手术病理证实,其中乳腺恶性病变35例,良性病变25例。分析全部病例的钙化特征,并进行良恶性对照研究。结果：35例乳腺癌中,钙化形态一致呈细砂型或针尖型12例,钙化形态不一致,呈细短棒型或分枝状及混合型分别为5例及18例;每平方厘米钙化数目（N／S）：5～15个及≥15个两组病例分别为4例及31例。上述两项指标具有统计学意义。钙化颗粒的总数及是否合并肿块在良恶性疾病中不具有显著性差异。结论：乳腺钼靶X线片中,多发钙化的特征对乳腺良恶性疾病的诊断有规律可循,特别是钙化的形态及每平方厘米钙化数目对乳腺癌的诊断具有重要意义。     

乳腺未触及肿块的良恶性微小钙化临床X线——病理对照研究

本文报告50例乳腺未触及肿块的良恶性微小钙化,乳腺癌21例,早期微小乳癌占90.4％,钙化灶大多2mm以下,密度较高,呈局部密集线状排列,以细断针状为主。乳腺良性病变29例,乳腺病25例,纤维腺瘤4例,钙化灶大多3mm以上,密度较高,散在分布,以粗短折状为主。     

乳腺恶性病变的钼靶X线及磁共振表现对照研究

目的:探讨乳腺恶性病变的钼靶X线和MRI表现及与病理结果的关系.方法:回顾性分析38例经穿刺或手术病理证实的乳腺恶性病变的钼靶X线、MRI表现,并与病理结果对比分析.38例中乳腺浸润性导管癌21例,导管原位癌11例,黏液癌3例,腺样囊性癌2例,髓样癌1例.结果:乳腺恶性病变主要表现为乳腺结构及局部血管异常,肿瘤多呈星芒状、蟹足样,边缘多毛刺状、不光滑.钼靶X线示病灶内部密度不均匀,钙化点数量较多,多呈沙粒样,可成簇生长,也可弥散在腺体的一个区内.主要MRI表现为病灶T1WI多呈低、等信号,T2WI多为混杂信号,增强扫描呈明显不均匀强化.结论:钼靶乳腺摄影操作简单,准确性较高,是乳腺恶性病变的首选检查方法.MRI能清楚的显示乳腺内病变的细微结构,提高诊断准确性.     

乳腺钙化的X线特征及其诊断乳腺疾病的价值

目的 :探讨X线影像对乳腺钙化在不同乳腺疾病中的诊断价值。材料和方法 :经手术、B超、穿刺活检或随访证实的 ,乳腺X线摄影确认的 15 0例钙化病例 ,回顾性分析其钙化形态、大小、密度、分布等特点。结果 :乳腺钙化可分成七型 ,即棍棒型、精盐型、沙石型、融合型、圆弧型、轨道型和圆孔型。棍棒型 3 0例 ,其中恶性 2 9例 (97% ) ;精盐型 40例 ,恶性 3 4例 (85 % ) ;沙石型 2 2例 ,良性 19例 (90 % ) ;融合型 2 5例 ,良性 2 3例 (92 % ) ;圆弧型、轨道型和圆孔型 ,均为乳腺良性病变。结论 :棍棒型及精盐型钙化是乳腺恶性病变钙化的主要类型 ;沙石型、融合型、圆弧型、轨道型和圆空型钙化是良性病变钙化的主要类型。乳腺钙化在诊断不同乳腺疾病及鉴别良恶性肿瘤中具有重要作用。     

基于乳腺X线摄影的影像组学对乳腺肿块和钙化良恶性分类的研究

目的:探讨基于乳腺X线摄影的影像组学在乳腺肿块和钙化良恶性鉴别中的应用价值,并将结果与有经验的放射科医生相对比.方法:回顾性收集本院PACS系统中2014年5月1日-2020年3月1日诊断性乳腺X线图像,根据纳入和排除标准筛选出边界清晰的乳腺肿块性病变患者188例(316幅X线图像)和钙化性病变患者215例(364幅X...     

群集钙化对鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的意义

目的评价乳腺钼靶片群集钙化对鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的意义。方法分析76例乳腺X线钼靶片群集钙化病例,全部经手术病理证实,其中,乳腺恶性病变52例,良性病变24例。采用下列4项指标分析上述76例群集钙化的特征并进行良恶性对照研究:a)病灶钙化总数;b)每平方厘米钙化数目(N/S);c)钙化灶的大小、形态;d)钙化灶合并肿块。结果76例群集钙化病例中钙化总数大于30个、N/S大于等于10个、钙化灶大小形态不一致、钙化合并肿块,这4项指标诊断恶性钙化的特异性和敏感性分别为83.3%和69.2%,79.2%和76.9%,62.5%和92.3%,62.5%和53.8%。结论N/S大于等于10个、钙化总数大于30个及钙化灶大小、形态不一致这3个特征对恶性钙化最具有诊断价值。     

Digital mammography: observer performance study of the effects of pixel size on the characterization of malignant and benign microcalcifications

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors performed this study to evaluate the effects of pixel size on the characterization of mammographic microcalcifications by radiologists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-view mammograms of 112 microcalcification clusters were digitized with a laser scanner at a pixel size of 35 microm. Images with pixel sizes of 70, 105, and 140 microm were derived from the 35-microm-pixel size images by averaging neighboring pixels. The malignancy or benignity of the microcalcifications had been determined with findings at biopsy or 2-year follow-up. Region-of-interest images containing the microcalcifications were printed with a laser imager. Seven radiologists participated in a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) study to estimate the likelihood of malignancy. The classification accuracy was quantified with the area under the ROC curve (Az). The statistical significance of the differences in the Az values for different pixel sizes was estimated with the Dorfman-Berbaum-Metz method and the Student paired t test. The variance components were analyzed with a bootstrap method. RESULTS: The higher-resolution images did not result in better classification; the average Az with a pixel size of 35 microm was lower than that with pixel sizes of 70 and 105 microm. The differences in Az between different pixel sizes did not achieve statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Pixel sizes in the range studied do not have a strong effect on radiologists' accuracy in the characterization of microcalcifications. The low specificity of the image features of microcalcifications and the large interobserver and intraobserver variabilities may have prevented small advantages in image resolution from being observed.     

全数字化乳腺X线摄影对乳腺肿块的良恶性鉴别价值

目的:探讨全数字化乳腺X线摄影图像特点对乳腺肿块定性诊断的价值。方法:收集185例经病理证实以肿块为主的乳腺病患者的临床和影像资料,对222个病灶的形态、边缘、密度、大小及周围结构改变的发生率分别进行统计分析。结果:肿块的形态、边缘、密度及周围结构扭曲、伴随病理结构在良恶性病变间差异有统计学意义(P0.05),特别是肿块边缘征象及周围结构改变对肿块良恶性具有鉴别诊断价值。边缘清晰、周围结构正常在良性病变中明显高于恶性病变;边缘模糊、毛刺及周围结构扭曲、紊乱,伴随病理结构在恶性病变中明显高于良性病变,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。以2cm为界,肿块大小对病变定性差异无统计学意义(P=0.235)。结论:乳腺X线摄影对良恶性肿块具有重要鉴别诊断价值。     

Sonographic discrimination between benign and malignant breast lesions with use of disparity processing

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors performed this study to evaluate whether a digital processing technique called disparity processing (DP) can improve the differentiation between benign and malignant breast masses at ultrasound (US) and, thus, reduce the number of benign lesions being sampled for biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During an US examination, a sonographer slightly varies the pressure of the probe on the breast surface. DP can be used to evaluate pairs of B scans that represent the different parts of this compression cycle. The apparent displacement of the tissue is measured with DP, and a new image, called a correlation map, is constructed. This new image illustrates the similarity between the speckle patterns around each point. The authors evaluated 25 solid lesions with DP. Results were compared with those from (a) histologic examination of specimens obtained with core or surgical biopsy or (b) cytologic examination of specimens obtained with fine-needle aspiration. RESULTS: All 25 lesions were correctly diagnosed with DP. There were no false-positive or false-negative findings. All malignancies demonstrated a relatively low-brightness halo around the lesion perimeter with evidence of discontinuity. All benign lesions were associated with relatively high-brightness, continuous halos. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that DP can help differentiate benign from malignant masses.     

The evaluation of false negative mammography from malignant and benign breast lesions

Preoperative mammograms from 395 breast cancers and 132 benign breast lesions were enrolled for this study. The false-negative (FN) rate for breast cancers from preoperative reading was 9.6% with 38 breast cancers missed on mammograms. The statistically significant differences occurred between true-positive (TP) and FN cancers for younger age (P<.025), smaller lesion size (P<.001), denser breast (P<.05), deep retroglandular location (P<.001). None of the FN cancers exhibited calcifications. The FN rate for mammography for benign breast lesions from preoperative reading was 18.9% with 25 lesions misdiagnosed. The statistically significant difference between benign TP and FN lesions occurred for central and subareolar location (P<.025). Exploration of possible factors and imaging features in FN mammograms can help reduce the FN rate for mammography.     

数字钼靶X线摄影联合MRI动态增强扫描对含钙化灶乳腺良恶性病变的诊断价值

目的 :探讨数字钼靶X线摄影联合MRI动态增强扫描(DCE-MRI)对含钙化灶乳腺良恶性病变的诊断价值。方法 :回顾性分析60例含钙化灶乳腺病变患者,均行数字钼靶X线摄影及乳腺DCE-MRI检查,并与术后病理结果对照,分别计算数字钼靶X线摄影、DCE-MRI及两者联合诊断乳腺良恶性病变的敏感度、特异度及准确度。结果:本组中良性35例共40个病灶,恶性25例共28个病灶。数字钼靶X线摄影、DCE-MRI及两者联合鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的敏感度分别为71.43%、92.86%、96.43%,特异度分别为77.50%、92.50%、95.00%,准确度分别为75.00%、92.65%、95.59%。结论:数字钼靶X线摄影联合DCE-MRI对含钙化灶乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别诊断具有一定价值。     

数字乳腺钼靶X线摄影规范化操作与质量控制

目的 探讨数字化乳腺钼靶X线摄影检查时执行规范化操作与定期质量控制,以提高其图像质量,从而为临床提供高质量影像资料,减少漏诊和误诊.方法 对300例患者(年龄30～75岁)进行乳腺钼靶X线检查,完全按照规范化操作程序并定期质量控制,体位设计选择头尾位(CC)、内外斜位(MLO)或90°侧位(内外侧位ML)所得到的乳腺钼靶数字X线成像(DR)影像进行分析研究.结果 所得数字乳腺钼靶DR图像质量显著提高,乳房组织、腺体结构、腋窝淋巴结及胸大肌等显示清晰,诊断达标率为99％.结论 数字乳腺钼靶X线摄影的规范化操作并定期进行质量控制,可显著提高其图像质量,从而为临床诊断和治疗提供高质量影像资料和依据,提高诊断准确率.     

钼靶及MRI纹理分析技术在乳腺良恶性病灶的诊断价值

目的:探讨综合乳腺MRI多个序列、钼靶联合MRI纹理分析对乳腺良、恶性病灶的诊断价值.方法:搜集本院2014年6月-2019年12月116例乳腺钼靶图像(恶性57例,良性59例)及96例乳腺MRI(恶性45例,良性51例)的横轴面T2 WI脂肪抑制序列、DWI及增强后的第2、3期(C2、C3)图像进行回顾性纹理分析,其...     

钼铑双靶乳腺X线摄影剂量优先模式与标准模式对照研究

目的：探讨钼铑双靶剂量优先模式在乳腺低辐射剂量检查中的价值。方法利用钼铑双靶乳腺机,对40例乳腺癌患者双侧乳腺分别进行头尾位(CC)和内外斜位(MLO)位标准模式和剂量优先模式摄影,对比分析160幅乳腺图像质量,分别记录平均腺体剂量(AGD)值和皮肤入射剂量(ESE)值。结果2种乳腺摄影模式均获得良好的图像质量,经检验两者间无显著性差异(χ2=0.427,P >0.05)。与标准模式相比,剂量优先模式摄影 CC 位 AGD 值降低约28.63%,ESE 值降低约28.28%,两者间具有显著性差异(t AGD =12.928,P <0.05,t ESE =8.850,P <0.05);MLO 位 AGD 值降低约26.33%,ESE 值降低约29.43%,两者间具有显著性差异(t AGD =11.006,P <0.05,t ESE =8.400,P <0.05)。结论在获取同等乳腺图像质量的情况下,钼铑双靶乳腺 X 射线摄影检查中剂量优先模式较标准模式能够有效降低受检者的辐射剂量。