PPS/CaSO4晶须/GF复合材料的研究

采用自制偶联剂对硫酸钙(CaSO4)晶须进行表面处理,研究了聚苯硫醚 (PPS)/CaSO4晶须复合材料的制备方法,并对复合材料的力学性能和结晶性能进行了表征,研究了玻纤增强PPS/CaSO4晶须复合材料的力学性能和微观结构.结果表明,CaSO4晶须加入量及复合材料制备工艺对复合材料的力学性能有较大的影响;随晶须用量的增加复合材料的力学性能和结晶性能都呈先增后降的趋势.CaSO4晶须增强PPS不能作为替代玻璃纤维增强PPS材料,引入玻璃纤维,材料的力学性能将得到很大的提高.     

硫酸钙晶须增强聚苯硫醚/玻璃纤维复合材料的性能研究

通过熔融共混的方法,制备了硫酸钙晶须增强聚苯硫醚(PPS)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料。研究了晶须用量对PPS/GF/晶须复合材料力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明:晶须用量为10份时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、悬臂梁缺口冲击强度和负载变形温度分别为157 MPa、273 MPa、8.5 k J/m2和151℃。差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和热失重(TGA)分析结果表明:当晶须用量较少时,结晶峰移向高温方向;晶须用量大于20份时,结晶峰略向低温方向偏移,复合材料的分解温度随晶须用量的增加而逐渐升高。     

硅微粉改性PI/PPS/GF复合材料的制备及性能

采用双螺杆挤出机挤出工艺,制备了硅微粉改性聚酰亚胺(PI)/聚苯硫醚(PPS)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料。研究了PPS用量和硅微粉用量对PI/PPS/GF复合材料力学性能、动态力学性能、线膨胀系数和热性能的影响。复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度、悬臂梁无缺口冲击强度和初始储能模量随PPS用量增加而逐渐降低,线膨胀系数和熔体质量流动速率随之增加;材料力学性能随硅微粉用量增加先增加后减小,线膨胀系数和熔体质量流动速率随之增加而明显降低。差示扫描量热仪(DSC)数据分析表明,PPS材料的加入使复合材料在230~240℃出现了结晶峰,硅微粉使初始结晶温度变高;复合材料的热稳定性能随着熔融硅微粉用量增加而增加。     

GF增强PPS/LCP复合材料的结晶行为和力学性能

液晶聚合物(LCP)的低熔接线强度是限制LCP应用的重要因素。为了提升LCP材料的力学性能,利用熔融加工方式制备不同LCP含量的聚苯硫醚(PPS)/LCP复合材料。DSC测试结果显示,当复合材料中LCP质量分数小于30%时,LCP的异相成核作用可提升PPS的结晶温度;随着LCP含量的进一步增加,PPS的结晶被抑制,复合材料的结晶温度逐渐降低。对于玻璃纤维(GF)增强PPS/LCP复合材料,随着LCP含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度逐渐降低,弯曲弹性模量逐渐升高;而复合材料的熔接线拉伸强度随着LCP含量增加呈现出先降低后增加的趋势。微观结构观察显示,GF增强PPS/LCP复合材料的性能与PPS/LCP两相界面结合以及树脂/GF之间的界面结合作用较差有关。进一步利用乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯无规三元共聚物和环氧树脂提升GF增强PPS/LCP复合材料的界面相互作用,结果显示,环氧树脂可以显著提升复合材料的力学性能,同时复合材料的熔接线拉伸强度由31 MPa提升至70 MPa。     

混杂增强PP/g-PP/GF复合材料的性能研究

目前玻纤增强PP复合材料在电子、汽车领域已得到广泛应用,但其性能仍无法达到AS/玻纤(GF)复合材料水平而应用于制造空调风轮叶片。在前期接枝PP改善聚丙烯(PP)/玻纤(GF)复合材料研究的基础上,引入4种粉末增强材料,研究了增强材料的种类、用量、成核剂等因素对复合材料力学性能、耐热变形温度及熔融指数的影响。结果表明所选用的四种粉末增强材料均能有效的提高复合材料的力学性能,对其他性能的影响不大,其中CaSO4晶须的增强效果最好,当CaSO4晶须与PP的重量比为1∶4时,复合材料的力学性能已完全到达AS/GF复合材料水平。向滑石粉及BaSO4增强体系加入少量成核剂能使复合材料的力学性能进一步提高。该新型混杂增强复合材料有望替代AS/玻纤增强复合材料,应用于制造空调风轮叶片。     

PP/氧化镧复合材料的结晶性能和流变性能研究

采用共混的方法制备了聚丙烯/氧化镧(PP/La2O3)复合材料,研究了La2O3用量对复合材料结晶性能和流变性能的影响。结果表明:La2O3对PP具有明显的成核作用,提高了复合材料的相对结晶度;PP/La2O3复合体系的表观黏度随着剪切速率和温度的提高而逐渐降低;随着La2O3用量的增加,PP/La2O3复合体系的表观黏度先减小后增加,在La2O3用量为0.5份时达到最小值;复合材料的非牛顿指数随着温度的升高而增大,随着La2O3用量的增加先增大后减小;复合材料的黏流活化能随着剪切速率的增加而逐渐降低,随着La2O3用量的增加先减小后增大,但总体呈下降趋势。     

PPS/PA66共混体系流变性能研究

分别以乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(E-MA-GMA)、苯乙烯-丙烯腈-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(StAN-GMA)以及苯乙烯-(乙烯-丁烯)-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物接枝马来酸酐(SEBS-g-MAH)为相容剂,采用熔融共混的方法制备了改性聚苯硫醚/聚酰胺66(PPS/PA66)共混物。通过毛细管流变分析,研究了PPS及相容剂用量对PPS/PA66共混物流变性能的影响。结果表明:PPS/PA66共混体系为非牛顿假塑性流体,其表观黏度随剪切速率的增大而减小;随着PPS用量的增加,共混体系的非牛顿指数降低,其流变性能逐渐偏离牛顿型流体;随着相容剂用量的增加,PPS/PA66/E-MA-GMA体系的熔体黏度明显增大,PPS/PA66/St-AN-GMA体系的熔体黏度则先下降后上升,而PPS/PA66/SEBS-g-MAH体系的熔体黏度变化不大。     

PPS/GF复合材料非等温结晶性能研究

通过差示扫描量热法研究了聚苯硫醚(PPS)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料的非等温结晶过程,采用了Ozawa法和R-t法分析了GF质量分数为40%的PPS/GF复合材料的非等温结晶动力学特性。结果表明,随着GF用量的增加,复合材料的结晶度呈现先降低后增加的趋势,结晶速率加快,结晶趋于完善;当GF质量分数为40%时,随着降温速率的提高,复合材料的过冷度和结晶速率增大,结晶变得不完善。Ozawa法和R-t法能够描述GF质量分数为40%的PPS/GF复合材料的非等温结晶行为,Ozawa法计算结果表明,复合材料的Ozawa指数和结晶速率常数均随结晶温度的升高而增大,R-t法计算结果表明不同相对结晶度下降温速率与时间的自然对数间的线性关系良好。     

聚丙烯/纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料流变性能研究

采用毛细管流变仪对聚丙烯/纳米羟基磷灰石(PP/n HA)复合材料的流变性能进行了研究,并讨论了复合材料的表观黏度、非牛顿指数、黏流活化能与温度、剪切速率、n HA用量之间的关系。结果表明:PP/n HA熔体为假塑性流体,其表观黏度随着n HA用量的增加总体呈上升趋势,但在其用量为1%时达到极小值;非牛顿指数随着温度的提高而增大,随着n HA用量的增加而逐渐减小;黏流活化能则随着剪切速率的增加逐渐降低,随着n HA用量的增加呈上升趋势。     

PHBV/CSH晶须复合材料的制备、表征及3D打印性能

分别制备了半水硫酸钙(CSH)晶须和聚羟基丁酸戊酸共聚酯(PHBV)/CSH晶须复合材料,并研究了CSH晶须用量对PHBV/CSH晶须复合材料流变性能、结晶性能、力学性能和表面形貌的影响。结果表明:通过水热-盐溶液法制备的CSH是典型的α型晶须,其长度为10~15μm,宽度为1~2μm,是聚合物增强的理想材料;PHBV/CSH晶须复合材料的表观黏度分别随着温度和剪切速率的提高而逐渐下降;CSH晶须使PHBV/CSH晶须复合材料的结晶温度和结晶度明显提高,但其熔融温度有所下降。此外,CSH晶须显著改善了3D打印PHBV/CSH晶须复合支架的压缩性能,在CSH晶须用量为20%时,其压缩强度提高了3倍,增强效果显著;SEM结果显示,PHBV/CSH晶须复合材料表面随着CSH晶须用量的增加逐渐变粗糙。     

聚丙烯/微胶囊红磷复合材料熔体密度及流动性能研究

采用熔体流动速率仪考察了温度、载荷以及微胶囊红磷含量对聚丙烯/微胶囊红磷(PP/MRP)复合体系熔体密度和流动性能的影响。结果表明:在实验条件下,PP/MRP复合体系熔体密度随温度升高而降低,随载荷的增大而提高,随MRP含量的增加而呈增大的趋势。PP/MRP复合体系熔体的表观剪切应力与剪切速率基本符合幂律方程,熔体为假塑性流体,并且随着温度的升高,熔体黏度降低,假塑性增强;随着MRP含量的增加,熔体的黏度提高,假塑性增强。PP/MRP复合体系熔体的表观剪切黏度对温度的依赖性符合Arrhenius关系。     

Comparative rheological studies on jute-fiber- and glass-fiber-filled polypropylene composite melts

An experimental study of the melt rheological properties of composites of isotactic poly-propylene (IPP) filled with chopped jute-fibers (JF) and glass-fiber (GF) is reported. Fiber concentration is 5–20 wt %. Variation of shear stress with shear rate at constant temperature indicates increase in shear stress with shear rate and fiber loading. Shear stress values for IPP/GF melts are higher at the same shear rate and temperature. Variation of melt viscosity and melt elasticity with fiber concentration and shear stress or shear rate are also illustrated. Melt viscosity increases with fiber loading, while melt elasticity parameters such as dieswell and first normal stress difference decrease for both systems. For IPP/GF composite melts the viscosity values are higher, the die-swell and first normal stress difference values are lower compared to IPP/JF composites melts. Processing temperature of the filled IPP composites increase with respect to the nonfilled polymer, being a little higher in case of IPP/GF composites. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Preparation,structure, and properties of the PTT/SGF composites

Short glass fiber reinforced poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composites (PTT/SGF) were prepared by twin screw extruder. The structural feature and physical properties of these composites were studied by scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, thermalgravimetric analyzer, capillary rheometer, universal tester, etc. The glass fiber was modified by the silane coupling agent before being blended with the polymer. The results suggest that there is strong interaction between SGF and PTT matrix, which leads to an increasing on the tensile strength, Young's modulus, impact strength and thermal stability of the composites with proper contents of SGF. Rheological behavior of the PTT/SGF composites melt is complicated, combining a dilate fluid at lower shear rate and a pseudo-plastic fluid at higher shear rate. The melt apparent viscosity of composites decreases with increasing SGF content because of the rigid fibers improving the flow of the melt. Moreover, the flow activation energy of the composites suggests that the melt with more SGF has lower sensitivity to the processing temperature. In conclusion, the composite with 10–20 wt% content of SGF has better properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PP／POE／纳米CaCO3复合材料流变性能的研究

研究了聚丙烯/聚烯烃热塑性弹性体/纳米CaCO3(PP/POE/纳米CaCO3)复合材料的流变性能,探讨了纳米CaCO3、POE添加量、剪切速率和温度对复合材料黏度的影响。实验数据显示,在较低剪切速率下,随纳米CaCO3添加量的增加,体系熔体黏度增加;在较高剪切速率下,随纳米CaCO3添加量的增加,体系黏度降低;增加POE添加量,复合体系的熔体黏度增大;纳米CaCO3的加入使复合体系的非牛顿指数减小,非牛顿性增强。PP/POE/纳米CaCO3(100/10/10质量份数,下同)体系具有高流动性,熔体流动速率达19.58g/10min。     

Thermal aging performance of glass fiber/polyphenylene sulfide composites in high temperature

In order to use the glass fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide composites (GF/PPS) in high temperature environments, thermal aging performance of two kinds of commercial grade PPS composites, reinforced by 40% glass fiber, PPS-G40 HM and 1140L4, in thermal aging temperature of 250°C was compared by tensile strength, oxidized layer, color, crystallization and melting behavior. The results showed that tensile strength of GF/PPS composites is significantly decreased with increasing of aging time below 200 h and the tensile strength of aged PPS-G40 HM is higher than that of aged 1140L4. The thickness of dark color area is increased with increasing of aging time. The thickness of oxidized layer of 1140L4 is thinner than that of PPS-G40 HM. However, the color of oxidized layer of PPS-G40 HM is lighter than that of 1140L4. The recrystallization in thermal aging results in the formation of crystal with higher melting point and increased melting temperature of GF/PPS composites. It is found that addition of epoxy resin can increase the initial mechanical property and improve the thermal aging performance of GF/PPS composites. A novel modified GF/PPS composite with higher thermal aging properties was obtained.     

Mechanical and tribological properties of PA66/PPS blend. III. Reinforced with GF

Based on previous work, 70 vol % PA66/30 vol % PPS blend was selected as a matrix, and the PA66/PPS blend reinforced with different content of glass fiber (GF) was prepared in this study. The mechanical properties of PA66/PPS/GF composites were studied, and the tribological behaviors were tested on block‐on‐ring sliding wear tester. The results showed that 20–30 vol % GF greatly increases the mechanical properties of PA66/PPS blend. When GF content is 20 vol %, the friction coefficient of composite is the lowest (0.35), which is decreased by 47% in comparison with the unfilled blend. The wear volume of the GF‐reinforced PA66/PPS blend composite decreases with the increase of GF content. However, the wear‐resistance is not apparently improved by the addition of GF in the experimental range for comparison with unfilled PA66/PPS blend. The worn surface and the transfer film on the counterface were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observations revealed that the friction coefficient of composite depends on the formation and development of a transfer film. The wear mechanism involves polymer matrix wear and fiber wear. The former consists of melting wear and plastic deformation of the matrix, while the latter includes fiber sliding wear, cracking, rupturing, and pulverizing. The contributions of the matrix wear and the fiber wear determine the ultimate wear volume of PA66/PPS/GF composite. In addition, the abrasive action caused by the ruptured glass fiber is also a very important factor. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 523–529, 2006     

Crystallization of glass fiber‐reinforced poly(p‐phenylene sulfide) nanocomposites

Ternary composites of glass fiber‐reinforced poly(p‐phenylene sulfide) (PPS/GF) filled with nanometric calcium carbonate (nano‐CaCO₃) were prepared by means of a twin‐screw extruder. The nano‐CaCO₃ surface was treated with stearate and treated with titanate, the composites being called SI composite system and SII composite system, respectively. The crystallization and heatproof properties of the PPS/GF/nano‐CaCO₃ composites were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter, to investigate the influence of the nanometric filler content on the crystallinity. The results show that the variation of the starting crystallization temperature, crystallization temperature and crystallinity with an increase of the particle weigh fraction (?_f) of SI composite system is different from that of SII composite system. When ?_f is less than 4 wt%, the crystallinity of the two composite systems increases and then decreases slightly with increasing ?_f. Moreover, the crystallization behavior and mechanisms are discussed. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

纤维增强聚苯硫醚复合材料摩擦磨损性能的研究

分别以玻璃纤维(GF)与碳纤维(CF)作为增强体制备了聚苯硫醚(PPS)纤维增强复合材料。研究了GF/PPS和CF/PPS复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,以及不同体积分数的纤维增强体、不同载荷与滑动速度对复合材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:GF与CF的引入有效地提高了复合材料的摩擦磨损性能;随纤维体积分数的增加复合材料的摩擦系数逐渐增加,随载荷的增加复合材料的摩擦系数逐渐降低,但磨损率增大。     

聚乳酸/环氧基笼型倍半硅氧烷纳米复合材料的流变性能研究

采用毛细管流变仪分析了熔融共混法制备的聚乳酸/环氧基笼型倍半硅氧烷(PLA/EVOS)纳米复合材料的流变行为。结果表明:PLA/EVOS纳米复合材料为假塑性流体,呈现出切力变稀的特征;随着温度的升高,复合材料的非牛顿指数有所提高;随着EVOS含量的增加,复合材料的非牛顿指数先升后降,而稠度和表观黏度先减小后增大;复合材料熔体的黏流活化能相对较低,仅为12~35 kJ/mol。