Thermoelectric properties of p-type Bi-Sb-Te compositionally graded thermoelectric materials with different barriers

In order to find more suitable materials as barriers and to improve the thermoelectric properties, p-type (Bi_(l-x)Sb_x)_2 Te_3 (x = 0.85, 0.9) two segments compositionally graded thermoelectric materials (CGTM) with different barriers were fabricated by conventional hot pressure method. Metals Fe, Co, Cu and Al were used as barriers between two segments. The effects of different barriers on thermoelectric properties of CGTM were investigated. The results show that metal Fe is more stable and suitable as the barrier.     

Thermoelectric properties of p-type (Bi_(0.15)Sb_(0.85))_2Te_3-PbTe graded thermoelectric materials with different barriers

The p-type (Bi0.15Sb0.85)2Te3 and PbTe are typical thermoelectric materials used for low and middle temperature range and functional graded materials (FGM) is an inevitable way to widen the working temperature range. Here two segments graded thermoelectric materials (GTM) consisting of (Bi0.15Sb0.85)2Te3, PbTe and different barriers were fabricated by the common hot pressure method. Metals Fe, Mg and Ni were used as barriers between the two segments. The diffusion of different barriers between the barriers and bases were analyzed by electron microprobe analysis (EMA). The phase and crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The thermoelectric properties were measured at 303 K along the direction parallel to the pressing direction. The results show that the compositional diffusion occurs when there is no barrier at the interface of the two segments, and the diffusion of Pb is most obvious; as the barrier material, the diffusion of metals Fe, Mg and Ni between different bases is not very obvious, and the thermoelectric properties of GTM is much better than that of the original segment.     

Thermoelectric properties of porous (Bi_(0.15)Sb_(0.85))_2Te_3 thermoelectric materials

In order to obtain thermoelectric materials with high figure of merit, the concept of Hollow (Vacuum) Quantum Structure or Effect and related thermoelectric materials design were proposed. To demonstrate the theory, the materials of (Bi0.15Sb0.85)2Te3 with porous structure have been fabricated. Their thermoelectric properties and the microstructure were investigated and compared with their density structure. It was found that the porous structure could improve their properties greatly.     

Thermoelectric properties of quaternary Mg_2Sn_(0.4)Si_(0.6-x)Ge_x alloys

Quaternary alloys Mg2Sn0.4Si0.6-xGex(x=0,0.02,0.05,0.08 0.1,and 0.2) were prepared using induction melting followed by hot-pressing.Relative densities of the sintered samples were over 97% of the theoretical values.Multiple phases were detected in the samples.It was found that the Seebeck coefficient was sensitive to the content of Mg2Ge and a maximum value of about 350 μV·K-1 was obtained.The introduction of Ge increases the electrical conductivity and the thermal conductivity simultaneously.The mechanism ...     

热电材料CoSb3的高压制备及电学性质研究

利用高压方法制备了二元方钴矿结构热电材料CoSb3,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)研究了CoSb3的物相组成及微观结构,并对其室温下的电学性质进行了研究.通过XRD测试发现高压方法能够快速(约20 min)制备出单相的CoSb3.SEM测试显示高压方法制备的样品晶粒细小且致密较高.室温下电学测试表明:随合成压力的升高,CoSb3的Seebeck系数增大,电导率减小.     

Effect of Y（Yttrium） Filling Fraction on Thermoelectric Properties of p-type Yy Fex Co4-x Sb12

Yttrium-filled sku, tterudites Yy Fex Co4-x Sb12 （ Y =0- 0. 40 ） were synthesized. The effect of Y filling fraction on thermoelectric properties of Yy Fex Co4-x Sb12 was investigated. All samples showed p-type conduct. The electrical conductivity decreased with increasing filling fraction y. The Seebeck coefficient inreased with increasing temperature. The lattice thermal conductivity decreased with increasing filling fraction y and showed the minimum value at a certain filling fraction y = 0.3. The effect of different filling atoms M（ M： Ba, Ce, Y） on the lattice thermal conductivity of MyFexCo4-xSb12 was discussed. The maximum ZT value of O. 7 was obtained for Y0.06 Fe0.7 Co3.3 Sb12 at 750 K.     

高压制备Ce掺杂Ca3CO4O9陶瓷的热电性能

Ca3Co4O9是一种具有广泛应用前景的热电功能材料,为了提高其热电性能,利用高压成型方法及常规二次固相反应技术,制备了稀土ce掺杂的氧化物热电陶瓷材料ca3-xcexCo4O9（z=0,0．1,0．3,0．5）,在室温条件下对其微观结构和热电性能进行了测试分析．经扫描电镜测试发现,高压方法制备样品的致密度较高．热电性质测试表明,Ca3CO4O9的电阻率及See—beck系数随Ce掺杂量（z）的增加而增大,x=0．1时得到最大的功率因子;与常规二次固相反应制备的样品相比,高压制备的样品具有更高的热电性能．     

热处理对Gd_(0.6)Dy_(0.4)Co_2和Gd_(0.6)Dy_(0.4)Co_(1.9)Al_(0.1)合金磁热性能的影响

用真空电弧熔炼炉制备Gd0.6Dy0.4Co2和Gd0.6Dy0.4Co1.9Al0.1合金,在900℃下进行4天、7天的热处理后,对其铸态和热处理态的相结构、居里温度、绝热温变、磁熵变等进行了研究。结果表明:经过7天的热处理后合金晶体结构基本变为单相GdCo2结构。热处理的结果使合金的最大绝热温变值比铸态合金有所升高,磁熵变值比铸态合金提高53.2%和33.1%,居里温度略有降低,说明热处理能有效提高该系列合金的磁热性能。     

La(Ni,Sn)5+x (x=0～0.35)贮氢合金的晶体结构与电化学性能

系统研究了La(Ni,Sn)_5+x（x=0~0.35) 无Co贮氢合金的化学计量比对其晶体结构及电化学性能的影响.X射线衍射分析仪（XRD）分析表明，上述合金均为单相CaCu₅结构.但在过计量比(x>0)合金的结构中，有部分1a位置元素（La）的原子被沿c轴定向排列的Ni-Ni“哑铃”对所替代，且其替代La原子的分数随x的增大而增多，从而导致合金晶胞的c轴及c/a比值明显增大，晶胞体积有所减小，并显著降低了合金的吸氢体积膨胀率.电化学测试表明，增大x值可使合金的循环稳定性得到显著提高，但也使合金的最大放电容量和高倍率放电性能有所降低.研究发现，由于合金的化学计量比增大会使其结构中含有较多的Ni-Ni“哑铃”对，合金的抗吸氢粉化能力得到了明显的改善，从而使合金在充放电过程中的反应比表面积有所减小、腐蚀速率得到抑制、循环稳定性得到显著提高.但合金反应比表面积的减小也导致了电极反应的速率的减小，从而使其高倍率放电性能有所降低.     

Thermoelectric Properties of n-type Full-Heusler Fe_(2-2x)Co_(2x)TiSn Prepared by an Ultra-fast Synthesis Process

Full-Heusler alloy Fe₂TiSn was predicted to be a potential thermoelectric material with high mechanical properties and stability.Fe₂TiSn was usually prepared by arc-melting followed by annealing for 2 weeks,which takes a long time and consumes a large amount of energy.In this paper,Fe₂TiSn was prepared by an ultra-fast method,self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) combined with spark plasma sintering.The bulk materials with uniform element distribution...     

Solvothermal preparation and thermoelectric properties of quasi-binary Sn(Pb)Te-Bi_2Te_3 compounds

The alloys based on Bi2Te3 are widely known as the best thermoelectric materials currently available for thermoelectric application near room temperature. Unfortunately the efficiency for TE device is limited by poor properties of TE materials. Excellent TE materials require a perfect combination of electrical and thermal properties. The challenge lies in achieving simultaneously high power factor (2) and low thermal conductivity, which define the dimensionless figure of merit ZT=(a2s/k)T[…     

高压扭转法制备粉末块体超细晶材料

介绍了高压扭转法的基本原理,分析了粉末固化后试样的组织与性能。认为高压扭转法固化粉末制备块体超细晶材料是一种行之有效的方法。同时还指出了目前运用高压扭转法固化粉末制备块体超细晶材料的不足,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

Microstructure, crystalline phase and electrical properties of Li0.06（Na0.5K0.5）0.94Nb（1-2x/5）MgxO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

MgO-modified Li0.06(Na0.5K0.5)0.94NbO3(L6NKN) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized by normal sintering at a relatively low temperature of 1000°C.The crystalline phase,microstructure,and electrical properties of the ceramics were investigated with a special emphasis on the influence of MgO content.The addition of MgO effectively improves the sinterability of the L6NKN ceramics.X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB) separating orthorhombic and tetragonal ph...     

铸态及快淬态Mm(NiMnSiAlCu)4.3Co0.6-xFex(x=0～0.4)电极合金的电化学性能

用XRD,TEM及SEM测试了稀土基AB5型贮氢合金Mm(NiMnSiAlCu)4.3Co0.6-xFex(x=0～0.4) 的微观结构,并全面测试了合金在铸态及快淬态下的电化学性能.研究结果表明,铸态合金为双相结构,主相为CaCu5型相,还有少量Ce2Ni7相,经快淬处理后,第二相减少.对铸态合金,随Fe含量的增加,合金的容量有所降低,循环稳定性得到改善.对快淬态合金,当铁含量大于0.2时,合金的容量急剧下降,而循环稳定性大幅度增加.这主要是由于铁的加入使合金的微观结构发生了变化.     

Thermal expansion properties and hygroscopicity of Y2-xSmxW3O12 (x = 0.0-0.4) compounds

A novel class of solid solutions of Y2-xSmxW3O12 (x = 0.0-0.4) were synthesized and studied by means of powder X-ray diffraction. All samples crystallize in an orthorhombic space group Pnca. The lattice parameters a, b and c of Y2-xSmxW3O12 increase with increasing Sm content. Since the compounds of this series hydrate at room temperature, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis was carried out. The result shows that the compound stores less water with increasing Sm content. The thermal expansion properties of Y2-xSmxW3O12 (x = 0.1, 0.3 and 0.4) were investigated with high temperature X-ray diffraction. Negative thermal expansion coefficient -α becomes less negative from -6.644×10-6 to -6.211×10-6℃-1 when x changes from 0.1 to 0.4.     

高能炸药爆轰过程的广义插值物质点法模拟

针对运用标准物质点法(MPM)对高能炸药爆轰过程进行数值模拟时,由于跨网格误差的存在,求解精度较低,计算稳定性较差等不足,将一种新算法——广义插值物质点法(GIMP)扩展到此类问题的数值模拟中.爆轰气体采用无粘性流体模型来描述,并假设整个爆轰过程是绝热的,建立了欧拉形式的控制方程.高能炸药选用TNT,并采用JWL状态方程进行描述.采用GIMP方法分别对一维板条TNT爆轰和二维聚能装药爆轰进行了数值计算,给出了TNT板条起爆后几个典型时刻的密度、内能和压力分布曲线以及聚能装药爆轰过程中速度矢量图和压力分布云图,成功捕获了聚能装药爆轰过程中的主要物理特征.数值计算结果表明,GIMP比标准MPM在计算精度以及稳定性上都有很大的提高,能够很好地模拟高能炸药的爆轰过程.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiCexNdxMn2-2xO4（x=0～0.018）的Pechini合成及表征

采用X射线衍射仪、电池测试系统等,研究了采用Pechini法合成的锂离子电池正极材料LiCexNdxMn2-2xO4（x=0、0.012、0.014、0.016、0.018）的组织结构、首次充放电性能、循环稳定性能等。结果表明：当稀土元素掺入量较少（x≤0.014）时,样品由尖晶石型LiMn2O4相组成,否则,样品中将出现微量的杂质相（CeO2、Nd2O3）;适量的稀土元素掺杂将使LiMn2O4样品的初始容量减小、循环稳定性能增加。LiCe0.014Nd0.014Mn1.972O4样品具有较好的循环稳定性能,其初始放电容量为124.8 mAh/g,经30次循环充放电后的容量保持在116.3 mAh/g,容量保持率为93.2%。     

高温(非均匀温度场)后约束高强混凝土力学性能的理论研究

由于高强混凝土构件的截面尺寸通常较大，火灾过程中同一截面上各点曾遭受的最高温度一般不可能完全相同，即截面内存在温度梯度，因此，探讨高温（非均匀温度场）后约束高强混凝土的力学性能是十分必要的。文献[1]曾对高温（均匀温度场）后约束高强混凝土的力学性能进行了试验研究。在此基础上，通过修正含箍特征值的大小，将该文献的有关结果初步推广到了非均匀温度场的情况，并给出了算例分析。