试论中国白酒行业标准化管理

白酒是我国传统产品,白酒企业管理者应加强实施标准化管理,唯有标准和规范才可以确保我国白酒行业健康、正常发展.对我国白酒行业实施标准化管理,有助于引领新发展格局、"健康中国"、智慧发展、绿色发展以及创新发展.基于此,首先阐述了我国白酒行业标准化管理的重要意义,而后分别从健全白酒产业标准化体系,加快制定检验方法标准,大力创...     

浅谈标准化与知识产权工作在白酒行业发展中的应用

从传统白酒行业现状出发,分析了标准化工作在传统白酒行业中的现实意义,指出现阶段行业标准化工作实施中存在的问题,并展望了今后传统白酒行业在标准化以及知识产权保护方面的工作发展方向,以期为同行提供参考.     

关于举办白酒标准化生产以及勾调技术研讨培训班的通知

主办单位:四川省食品发酵工业研究设计院酿酒科技杂志社国家固态酿造工程技术研究中心各有关白酒生产企业:为进一步提高白酒生产企业的产品质量和标准化生产水平,特别是当前高度重视食品安全的情况下,为防患未然,并结合四川省打造"中国白酒金三角"和"四川省浓香型白酒标准化生产示范"的经验,实现中国白酒产业的提升,同时也为各酿酒企业间提供一个相互学习交流     

清香型白酒质量提升——标准化发展

汾酒是清香型白酒的典型代表，企业积极开展并不断强化标准化工作，对白酒行业标准化工作起到了示范作用。从《清香型白酒》国家标准的制修定阐述清香型白酒标准化发展历程，并概述汾酒标准化工作进展，体现了标准化工作对白酒行业发展的重要性。     

关于举办白酒标准化生产以及勾调技术研讨培训班的通知

主办单位:四川省食品发酵工业研究设计院酿酒科技杂志社国家固态酿造工程技术研究中心各有关白酒生产企业:为进一步提高白酒生产企业的产品质量和标准化生产水平,特别是当前高度重视食品安全的情况下,为防患未然,并结合四川省打造"中国白酒金三角"和"四川省浓香型白酒标准化生产示范"的经验,实现中国白酒产业的提升,同时也为各酿酒企业间提供一个相互学习交流的平台,四川省食品发酵工业研究设计院、酿酒科技杂志     

泸州老窖积极探索中国名酒的高质量发展路径

当前白酒行业进入调整转型、分化集中的崭新发展阶段,市场环境正在发生深刻的变化。"一带一路"倡议、供给侧结构性改革和高质量发展等一系列战略性政策相继出台,推动中国白酒向智能化、标准化、健康化、国际化方向升级发展,为白酒企业做大做强注入了新的动力。泸州老窖作为浓香鼻祖和中国四大名酒之一,在行业深化改革、提质增效、优化转型的关键时期,以中国白酒产业先行者的身份,积极探索中国名酒的高质量发展之路。     

宜宾泸州着力推进白酒标准化生产

本刊讯:据《华夏酒报》2011-6-17报道,从6月14日～15日召开的四川省浓香型大曲酒标准化生产宜宾泸州片区培训会上获悉,为了着力打造"中国白酒金三角"区域性品牌,宜宾、泸州着力推进白酒标准化生产进程,以此提升白酒品质,做强做大白酒产业。     

对中国白酒标准化的几点浅见

中国白酒标准化工作的开展无疑会促进中国白酒的技术进步和产品质量提高。白酒标准的制订及推广应用,要适应白酒行业、白酒市场的发展需求,达到合理、先进、可靠性;根据需要可采用简化、统一化、通用化、系列化等形式;加强行业内外、企业内外标准的协调性和统一性;同时要考虑标准的先进性和前瞻性;积极推进标准化水平的提高;还应积极参与国际标准的制订。中国白酒标准化只有不断的发展、完善与提高,才能与世界经济接轨;才能将我国传统的白酒产业推向世界．将民族特色工业发扬光大。     

凤香型白酒标准化技术与发展

西凤酒是凤香型白酒的典型代表,是中国凤香型白酒之宗,是我国最古老的历史名酒之一。近年来,为进一步规范企业生产,提升产品质量,西凤酒积极推动标准化管理,通过梳理管理流程,制定管理标准,凤香型白酒的标准体系构成已逐步完善,标准化水平显著提升。从当前凤香型白酒主要技术标准、发展创新及标准化等方面对近年来凤香型白酒标准化技术与发展进行了阐述。     

论中国白酒的标准化技术与发展

中国白酒标准化技术对于指导和规范生产、有效调节和监管市场、保护消费者权益等意义重大。随着中国白酒产品的个性化与多元化发展,中国白酒多香型酿造技艺的不断融合与创新以及中国白酒与国际接轨的需要,中国白酒标准体系的制修订工作迫在眉睫。就刚刚实施的中国白酒标准体系的实用性、可行性以及其在执行中所存在的问题进行了较为客观的评价,并对未来标准化技术的发展方向进行了阐述。     

Changes in smoking prevalence in Ukraine in 2001-5

Objectives

To analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine from three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes, in order to estimate the stage of tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.

Design

Repeated national interview surveys in Ukraine in 2001, 2002 and 2005.

Main outcome measure

Prevalence of current smoking among the population aged ⩾15 years.

Results

The age‐standardised prevalence of current smoking in Ukrainian men was 54.8% in 2001 and 66.8% in 2005. Among Ukrainian women, prevalence increased from 11.5% in 2001 to 20.0% in 2005. ORs for yearly increase in prevalence were estimated as 1.164 (95% CI 1.111 to 1.220) for men and 1.187 (1.124 to 1.253) for women, which implies that, on average, 3–4% of men and 1.5–2% of women living in Ukraine join the smoking population each year.

Conclusions

In Ukraine, smoking prevalence is increasing in most population groups. Among men, the medium deprivation group with secondary education has the highest smoking prevalence. Among women, while the most educated, young and those living in larger cities are the leading group for tobacco use, other groups are also increasing their tobacco use. Tobacco promotion efforts appear to have been significantly more effective in Ukraine than smoking control efforts. The decrease in real cigarette prices in Ukraine in 2001–5 could be the main factor explaining the recent growth in smoking prevalence.Ukraine is a large eastern European country with high smoking prevalence. Tobacco products are widely available at very low prices, and the transnational tobacco industry is extremely successful in promoting its products and lobbying for its interests in the legislative field. Advocacy of tobacco control has only recently achieved some success in the legislative field, with the first tobacco control law being adopted in late 2005. Ukraine ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, but there is still much cause for concern regarding the enforcement and effectiveness of the adopted legislative measures. Unfortunately, the government is not yet involved in nationwide surveillance of the tobacco problem, and the available data have mostly been gathered with funding from foreign donors. Several attempts have been made to measure the extent of the tobacco epidemic in the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU).^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7} Most of these studies have shown rather high smoking prevalence among men (50–70%) and comparatively low prevalence among women (5–20%). Most countries in the FSU have similar smoking rates, while certain trends are shown to be related to the differences in how the transnational tobacco industry succeeds in every national tobacco market.⁶ Unfortunately, few studies have been published showing trends in smoking prevalence in the FSU.⁷ In Ukraine, two studies^3,4 provided point estimates of smoking prevalence.The aim of this study was to analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine, on the basis of three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes in order to estimate the stage of the tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.     

2010年河南省部分食品中重金属污染状况分析

了解河南省部分食品中重金属污染的现状。方法 在河南省18个省辖市采集8大类3 657份食品样品,按照国家标准检测食品中铅、镉和汞的含量,检测结果按照GB 2762—2012《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》进行评价。结果 河南省部分食品中铅含量的平均值为0.34 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.8%(320/3 656),其中粮食、肉类和蔬菜中超标率较高,分别为17.2%(95/552)、14.5%(85/587)和10.7%(57/534);部分食品中镉含量的平均值为0.054 mg/kg,总体超标率为3.9%(143/3 657),其中食用菌和蛋类中超标率较高,分别为9.6%(49/508)和8.1%(42/518);部分食品中汞含量的平均值为0.077 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.3%(303/3 657),其中蔬菜和粮食中超标率较高,分别为25.3%(135/534)和12.3%(68/551)。结论 河南省部分食品中铅、汞污染情况较为严重,其中粮食、蔬菜和肉类食品中污染情况尤为突出,需要加强监管。     

Moulds and mycotoxins in sorghum stored in traditional containers in India

Various traditional containers have been used in India for storage of sorghum grains. Sorghum is susceptible to fungal infestation and toxin elaboration. The present study relates to the mould and mycotoxin contamination (aflatoxin B₁ and T-2 toxin) in stored sorghum in different storage containers viz. “Kotlu” (Storage rooms), earthenware pots, gunny bags and reed baskets. Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. were the prominent genera and the “Kotlu” form of storage was most susceptible to fungal attack. Storage treatment had little effect on fungal contamination, but despite the fungal infestation, the mycotoxin contamination was found to be very low.     

中国固态发酵白酒中功能细菌研究进展

细菌是白酒酿造3大类微生物之一,其在白酒生产中有着重要的作用,如:芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、放线菌和梭菌等,它们能产生酯类、有机酸、吡嗪、萜烯等微量成分,从而影响白酒的风味与品质。基于细菌在白酒中的重要功能以及微生物分离培养技术和分析检测技术的进步,近年来相关研究越来越深入。该文综述了近年来白酒功能细菌的研究进展,介绍了酿酒各个环节中主要功能细菌及其在白酒中的作用,旨在为白酒功能细菌的研究提供参考。     

Aflatoxins in black tea in Iran

Aflatoxins (AFs) are highly toxic, and carcinogenic secondary fungal metabolites and have been detected in various food commodities. In this regard, 40 black tea samples including domestic and imported black tea were analysed for aflatoxin contamination by high-performance liquid chromatography using a post-column derivatisation procedure (Kobra cell) with fluorescence detection. Samples were randomly collected in 2010 from Tehran markets. The results revealed that 30 among 40 samples were contaminated with aflatoxins (27.5% of the total). Mean AFB1 content was 10.0 ng/g and mean of aflatoxin total was 12.07 ng/g for the 11 contaminated samples.