纳米氢氧化镁的超重力沉淀法制备及沉降性能

针对传统沉淀法存在的问题,提出采用一种新的液-液反应机制——撞击流-旋转填料床（IS-RPB）反应器制备纳米氢氧化镁,通过单因素实验和正交试验研究了镁离子初始浓度、镁离子和氢氧根离子摩尔浓度比、转速、液体流量及反应温度等因素对氢氧化镁浆料沉降性能的影响规律,确定了最佳工艺条件。研究表明：在镁离子初始浓度为0.70mol/L、镁离子和氢氧根离子摩尔浓度比为1/2、转速为900r/min、液体流量为40L/h、反应温度为70℃的最佳工艺条件下,得到了粒径为60~80nm的六方片状氢氧化镁,其沉降性能良好。     

水氯镁石制备高纯氢氧化镁阻燃剂的研究

以水氯镁石和氨水为原料,利用直接沉淀法制备高纯氢氧化镁阻燃剂。研究了氯化镁浓度、氨水浓度、反应温度对制备氢氧化镁阻燃剂纯度的影响,确定了制备高纯氢氧化镁阻燃剂的最佳工艺条件,其最佳工艺条件为：氯化镁浓度在2．5～3．0mol／L的范围内、氨水浓度为4．0mol／L、反应温度60℃,反应时间60min。     

纳米阻燃级氢氧化镁制备方法

本发明涉及一种采用撞击流方法,并通过表面改性制取纳米阻燃级氢氧化镁。其主要内容是利用盐湖水氯镁石或海水淡化后浓盐水除杂后得到镁离子溶液,与氢氧化钠反应结晶耦合制备纳米氢氧化镁,选择合适的表面活性剂对其改性,可以得到10～20nm的针状或片状氢氧化镁。工艺特点是：1）原料来源广泛,得到的产物氢氧化镁纯度可达98％以上;     

氨气法制备氢氧化镁工艺研究

以水氯镁石和氨气为原料,在不加入任何添加剂的条件下,利用直接沉淀法,制备具有高料浆质量分数的氢氧化镁阻燃剂。研究了搅拌强度、氨镁摩尔比、氨气加入流量、陈化时间、反应温度、氯化镁浓度对制备氢氧化镁粒度分布以及料浆浓度的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:搅拌强度350 r/min、氨镁摩尔比2∶1、氨气加入流量320 mL/min、陈化时间90 min、反应温度60℃、氯化镁浓度4.30 mol/L。用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和激光粒度分布仪表征产品的形貌、结构及粒度。在最佳工艺条件下制备得到的氢氧化镁D501.43μm,D902.40μm,料浆质量分数12.26%,Mg收率69.41%,氢氧化镁纯度99.60%,白度99.34。     

原位改性氢氧化镁阻燃剂制备研究

以硝酸镁和氢氧化钠为原料,在聚乙二醇(PEG6000)的作用下,采用液相沉淀法对改性氢氧化镁阻燃剂制备工艺进行了研究。考察了搅拌速度、反应温度、反应时间、镁离子初始浓度和PEG6000的添加量对氢氧化镁粒径和分散性能的影响。实验结果表明,当搅拌速度为600 r/min、反应温度为60℃、反应时间为45 min、镁离子初始浓度为1.0 mol/L、PEG6000添加量为4%时,产品氢氧化镁的改性效果最好,此时平均粒径达到0.2μm、沉降率约为0.6%。本研究为氢氧化镁在有机材料中的应用提供了研究基础。     

硫酸镁制备高纯氢氧化镁工艺技术的研究

采用硫酸镁与氨为原料,研究了硫酸镁质量分数、氨镁摩尔比、搅拌转速及反应终点溶液的pH值对Mg(OH)_2纯度及产率的影响,得到制备氢氧化镁的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,硫酸镁质量分数为15.70%、氨镁摩尔比为6.0、搅拌转速为400 r/min、反应终点溶液p H值控制在11.10的工艺条件下,Mg(OH)_2的纯度达到99.45%,产率达到92.31%,为回收利用高镁磷尾矿中镁资源生产氢氧化镁提供重要参数。     

超重力反应器制备纳米氢氧化镁的实验研究

从强化微观混合和传质的角度出发,提出采用新型的撞击流-旋转填料床(IS-RPB)反应器制备纳米氢氧化镁,通过扫描电子显微镜、纳米激光粒度仪和X射线衍射仪等手段对产物进行表征,考察了镁离子初始浓度、反应物浓度比、超重力因子、液体流量及反应温度等因素对氢氧化镁形貌、粒径分布、晶相结构和晶粒尺寸的影响。结果表明:在镁离子初始浓度为0.75 mol/L、反应物浓度比[c(Mg~(2+))∶c(OH~-)]为1∶2、超重力因子为71、液体流量为40 L/h、反应温度为60℃的工艺条件下,制备的氢氧化镁呈六方片状,纯度高,晶粒尺寸为15.9 nm,粒度分布均匀,具有较完整的六方晶系结构。     

工业硫酸镁制备高纯氧化镁的合成研究

以工业硫酸镁和氢氧化钠为原料,合成氢氧化镁前驱物经煅烧制备高纯氧化镁。研究了净化工业硫酸镁溶液时的pH值大小以及沉镁时氢氧化钠浓度对产品纯度的影响。在确定了精制硫酸镁与氢氧化钠摩尔计量比、陈化时间、煅烧时间的条件下,通过单因素实验和正交试验确定了反应的较佳工艺条件为：硫酸镁的浓度2mol／L,反应温度40℃,反应时间35min,煅烧温度900℃,产物氧化镁的纯度达到99％以上。采用x射线衍射仪和透射电镜对样品进行表征,结果表明：样品粒子平均粒径约为40nm,形貌为类球形,分布较均匀。     

浓海水提镁过程中碳酸钠法除钙研究

在利用浓海水提取浆状氢氧化镁的过程中,钙离子的存在是影响氢氧化镁产品纯度的重要因素.主要对浓海水提镁过程中的碳酸钠法除钙进行了研究,考察了分离方式、碳酸钠加入量、搅拌速度、陈化时间和反应时间对钙离子去除率和镁离子损失率的影响.确定了适宜操作条件:反应温度为20～25 ℃,碳酸钠加入量为理论量的1.3倍,反应时间为4 h,陈化时间为48 h,搅拌速度为200 r/min,分离方式为抽滤.在此条件下钙离子的去除率在60%以上,有效解决了用浓海水制备浆状氢氧化镁产品中钙含量过高的问题.     

石灰法制备氢氧化镁工艺研究

研究了石灰法制备氢氧化镁的工艺,即将石灰乳(氢氧化钙)作为沉淀剂,与盐湖副产水氯镁石配制的溶液进行反应制备氢氧化镁产品。研究了工艺条件对氢氧化镁产品纯度的影响,确定了获得高纯度氢氧化镁产品的最优工艺条件。优化条件:以浓度为1 mol/L的氯化钙溶液作为石灰消化的介质,石灰乳与水氯镁石配比(钙与镁物质的量比)为0.3,反应温度为30℃。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.