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为提升某满足GB 26512—2011实车试验要求的商用车驾驶室的安全性,使其达到GB 26512—2021的要求,针对该驾驶室在仿真中出现的正面撞击试验纵梁峰值力过大、A柱撞击试验吸能不足、侧面20°撞击试验压溃严重等问题,进行Box-Behnken试验设计和序列二次优化(SQP)算法改进,并通过设置弯梁、填充发泡聚丙烯(EPP)进行优化。结果表明,优化后纵梁峰值力由92.3 kN降至72.4 kN,结构吸能提高36.9%,驾驶员生存空间充足,满足新标准要求,驾驶室安全性显著提升。 相似文献
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以在产某轻卡驾驶室进行正面撞击和双A柱撞击仿真与试验对标分析,对碰撞后驾驶室外形进行扫描,将扫描的点云导入软件与仿真碰撞后模型进行三维重合度对比。同时对关键零部件的变形模式、门框变形量及生存空间等多项指标进行对标,其总体对标结果误差在10%以内,仿真精度高。在新一代轻卡碰撞性能开发中,利用仿真技术,在设计阶段,对正面撞击、双A柱撞击和顶部强度进行了多轮次仿真迭代,深入研究,找到了影响性能达成的关键部位和结构,在传力路径上进行结构加强和优化,其碰撞性能达到了开发目标。 相似文献
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由《L O》杂志社组织举办了一次重型长途运输汽车驾驶室对比试验,主要对驾驶室的设计结构、行驶特性和安全三个方面的内容进行评比。要求参评的汽车所装的驾驶室是公司最新的,同时是带高顶的驾驶室。欧洲达夫、MAN、雷诺、斯堪尼亚、沃尔沃、依维柯六家公司都参加了,送去的汽车所装驾驶室分别是达夫DAF95XF驾驶室、依维柯Stralis-AS驾驶室、MANTG-ALX驾驶室、雷诺公司的Magnum 相似文献
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紧急避障工况下的驾驶人操作具有响应快且动作幅值较大的特点,传统预瞄驾驶人模型已不能适应紧急避障工况的需求,故考虑实际避撞场景开发相应的驾驶人模型就显得尤为必要。针对此种状况,基于驾驶模拟器,结合紧急避撞工况实际驾驶人操纵数据,提出了一种融合预瞄与势场栅格法的紧急避撞驾驶人模型。首先针对紧急避撞工况下车辆运动特点,建立车辆横、纵向耦合非线性动力学模型,并给出其状态空间方程描述;其次,离线仿真分析紧急避撞系统特征,并结合线性二次型最优控制,建立最优曲率预瞄+跟踪误差反馈驾驶人模型;再者,基于紧急避撞工况下真实驾驶人经验转向行为数据,开发基于势场栅格法的驾驶人模型,为进一步提高驾驶人模型对避障行驶工况的适应性,将基于势场栅格法的驾驶人模型与最优曲率预瞄+跟踪误差反馈驾驶人模型进行融合,并基于Sigmoid函数实现两者输出的权重分配;最后,针对所提出的融合预瞄与势场栅格法的驾驶人模型,开展基于避撞台架的驾驶人在环仿真试验以及实车试验。研究结果表明:在紧急避撞工况下,对比最优曲率预瞄+跟踪误差反馈驾驶人模型,融合预瞄与势场栅格法的驾驶人模型输出的转向动作与实际驾驶人行为较为接近,可在保证避障安全性的前提下,兼顾避障路径跟踪精度与车辆行驶的稳定性。 相似文献
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在翻滚事故中,车辆的主要承载件是车顶及其支承结构。只有这些结构有足够的刚度才能保证翻滚事故中乘员必要的生存空间。我国将颁布顶盖挤压标准,对车顸刚度及检测方法提出要求。本文通过有限元分析法进行预测,物理实验结果表明,该方法是可行的。 相似文献
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为了探讨不同类型偏置碰撞下驾驶员腿部伤害的差异性,本文在对C-NCAP40%偏置碰撞及IIHS 25%小偏置碰撞两种不同类型偏置碰撞试验的试验工况、假人腿部评价指标进行介绍的基础上,对某乘用车车型在上述两种试验下驾驶员的腿部伤害指标进行了对比研究,并从碰撞力的传递路径对其结果进行了分析。结果表明:由于碰撞中车身与壁障重叠率的不同导致不同的碰撞力传递路径,最终导致车身变形的差异。其中,25%小偏置碰撞对车身的破坏程度极大,试验后驾驶员侧的A柱严重变形,车身结构大量侵入到车内生存空间,故其假人腿部伤害值大于另外两种正面碰撞,尤其是驾驶员左腿伤害值。优化车身前端结构,增加A柱强度,最大程度保证驾驶舱腿部生存空间,才能有效提高小偏置碰撞中乘员的安全性能。 相似文献
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Ehsan Amini Masuod Tabibi Ehsan Ramezani Khansari Mohammadreza Abhari 《国际交通安全学会研究报告》2019,43(1):14-20
Traffic simulation models often neglect the important role of motorcycles and assume a flow of various combinations of cars. This paper addresses how much different would be the behavior of a car driver while following a motorcyclist compared to cases in which a car follows another car, along with a segment of an urban highway in the non-congested flow. Recognition of such a difference might help to develop existing simulation models and to improve the behavior of car drivers in such a way to lead to lower accidents with motorcycles. To reach the goal, a GHR (Gazis-Herman-Rothery) model for car following is applied and data have been collected by video cameras during 15?min time intervals in three different days. Analysis of 198 car-motorcycle and 374 car-car following observations has indicated that when a car driver follows a motorcycle, keeps a higher headway (about 10?m in the low speed) with a lower acceleration/deceleration in comparison with the situation in which car driver follow another one. It means that the behavior of the follower car driver would be more cautious compared to situations in which a car driver follows another one, especially in space headways <10?m. In addition to main findings of the paper for developing a more realistic simulation program, the paper also addresses that in cases when the required safe space between a car and a motorcycle would be endangered, a warning message could be generated for the car driver (by implementing an in-veh ITS technology) to warn driver about keeping a safe distance. 相似文献
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为确保管棚布设在软岩隧道中起到良好的支护效果,依托蓝家岩特长公路隧道,采用数值模拟与模型试验相结合的方法研究管棚布设范围对软岩隧道围岩稳定性的影响规律。研究结果表明: 1)在管棚其他参数保持不变的情况下,随着管棚布设范围的增大,拱顶沉降的最终值呈现出近似单调减小的趋势,拱脚收敛的最终值呈现出非线性减小的趋势。2)管棚布设范围由90°增大到180°时,拱顶沉降的最终值由-0.389 m减小至-0.317 m,降低幅度达18.5%;而拱脚收敛的最终值由-0.486 m减小至-0.355 m,降低幅度达26.9%。3)加大管棚布设范围能够有效控制围岩变形,提高管棚的支护效果,且管棚布设范围的改变对拱脚收敛的影响程度大于拱顶沉降。对比分析不同管棚布设范围条件下的数值模拟及模型试验结果,得到的洞周围岩变形随管棚布设范围的规律是一致的,且2种方法得到的各工况下洞周变形的量值较为接近。 相似文献
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J. H. Seo E. D. Lee J. W. Lee B. K. Han 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2016,17(4):665-670
This study reports on the effect of vehicle tumble-home (side body inclination) on roof strength. The steep inclination of the side body of a vehicle increases its roof strength. Comprehensive analysis of the impact of high roof strength driven by the steep inclination on dynamic roof strength in rollover is described. Here, we have developed a numerical model using the ADAMS, which is capable of characterizing both of the static and the dynamic roof strength. According to the FMVSS 216 protocol, we achieve the strength to weight ratio (SWR; static roof strength) by applying loading plates to the roof of a vehicle. The Controlled Rollover Impact System (CRIS) allows us to quantitatively characterize the displacements of the top end of A-pillar and B-pillar, thus determining the dynamic roof strength by comparing the results. We demonstrated that the roof intrusion was one of the most critical causes which lead to injuries of occupants fastening seat belts. Our analysis revealed that the increase of the side body inclination of vehicles enhanced the static roof strength whereas it could not reduce the roof displacement (intrusion) in the dynamic rollover. 相似文献