儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫和加强免疫后保护性抗体观察

目的评价儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)免疫后保护性抗体应答水平及乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)阴性儿童加强免疫后抗体的变化。方法采取多阶段整群系统抽样方法抽取调查单位和儿童,用固相放射免疫方法检测接种儿童血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗-HBs和乙肝病毒核心抗体水平,并对抗-HBs阴性儿童进行加强免疫。结果3~12岁儿童抗-HBs平均阳性率为49.3%,几何平均浓度(GMC)为70.22毫国际单位/毫升(mIU/ml)。重组乙肝疫苗(酵母)免疫后3~6岁儿童抗-HBs阳性率为37.6%,随年龄增长而下降,GMC为55.29mIU/ml,各年龄组差异有非常显著的统计学意义。6~12岁儿童使用血源HepB,抗-HBs阳性率为51.0%,GMC为68.27mIU/ml,各年龄组差异无显著的统计学意义。抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫后抗体阳转率为93.9%,GMC为91.83mIU/ml。结论儿童HepB免疫后12年保护性抗体应答良好,HBsAg阳性率未随免疫时间延长而增加,目前尚不需进行加强免疫。抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫后有很好的回忆反应。     

儿童甲乙型肝炎联合疫苗加强免疫效果评价

目的比较甲、乙型肝炎联合疫苗(hepatitis A and hepatitis B combined vaccine,HepA and HepB)加强免疫效果,为加强免疫决策提供依据。方法选择1周岁内完成乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(hepatitis Bvaccine,HepB)基础免疫的5岁以上儿童1 387例,采集血清,使用化学发光法检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)、甲肝病毒抗体(抗-HAV),对儿童接种甲乙肝联合疫苗一剂次,免后1月采血检测抗-HBs、抗-HAV。结果加强免疫前、加强免疫一剂次甲乙肝联合疫苗后,抗-HBs阳性率分别为49.32%、93.58%,抗-HAV阳性率分别为63.52%、93.08%,加强免疫前后抗-HBs阳性率和抗-HAV阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。加强免疫一剂次甲乙肝联合疫苗后,抗-HBs阳转率、抗-HAV阳转率分别为87.34%、81.03%,且5～14岁儿童抗-HBs阳转率、抗-HAV阳转率均随年龄增加呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。加强免疫一剂次甲乙肝联合疫苗后,抗-HBs、抗-HAV几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1326.97U/L、11.11U/L。结论采用甲乙肝联合疫苗对小年龄儿童加强免疫一剂次免疫效果良好,对大年龄儿童建议增加加强免疫剂次。     

新生儿接种乙型肝炎疫苗后低/无应答者的再免疫效果分析

目的了解新生儿接种乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)后低/无应答者的再免疫效果。方法对北京市、浙江省、广东省2004～2005年出生的新生儿,按照0、1、6月龄免疫程序完成3剂重组HepB(酵母)[HepB Made by Recombinant Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)Techniques in Yeast,HepB-Y]免疫后,出现的低/无应答者,随机分为4组,按0、1、6个月程序再次免疫不同种类和剂量的HepB。结果低/无应答儿童再免疫前、再免疫1剂和再免疫3剂后,抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体[Antibody to Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigin(HBsAg),Anti-HBs]几何平均浓度(Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC)分别为18.7mIU/m(l毫国际单位/毫升)、88.8mIU/ml、178.2mIU/ml,无应答者所占比例分别为20.4%、9.1%、1.9%。103名低/无应答儿童再免疫1剂和3剂后,100mIU/ml所占的比例分别为61.2%和84.5%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.13,P0.01);5μg重组HepB-Y、10μgHepB-Y、10μg重组HepB(中国仓鼠卵巢细胞)[HepB Made by Recombinant DNA Techniquesin Chinese Hamster Ovary(CHO)Cell,HepB-CHO]、10μg重组HepB(汉逊酵母)(HepB Made by Recombinant DNA Techniques in Hansenula Polymorpha Yeast,HepB-HPY)四种HepB再免疫3剂后,GMC分别为168.8mIU/ml、174.7mIU/ml、184.9mIU/ml、182.9mIU/ml,四种HepB再免疫3剂后,100mIU/ml所占的比例分别为79.0%、85.7%、88.2%、84.6%,差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.75,P0.05)。结论 HepB全程免疫三剂后,低/无应答儿童按照0、1、6个月程序再次免疫3剂HepB后,抗体阳转率和GMC均有较大的提高,再免疫3剂HepB免疫效果优于再免疫1剂。     

乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体衰减儿童加强免疫效果研究

目的 探索乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)衰减儿童加强免疫的效果.方法 按照0、1、6个月免疫程序,使用重组乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)(汉逊酵母)对673名抗-HBs衰减儿童进行加强免疫,剂量分别为10μg和20μg.加强免疫1剂和3剂后采集研究对象的血液标本,检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗-HBs和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc).对加强免疫1剂后抗-HBs<10毫国际单位/毫升(mIU/ml)的研究对象,进一步检测细胞因子干扰素(IFN)-γ、白细胞介素(IL)-4和乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)含量,同时按照1:1配对原则,从抗-HBs>100mIU/ml的儿童中选择性别相同、年龄士1岁的个体作为阳性对照,检测IFN-γ和IL-4.结果 两剂量组重组HepB(汉逊酵母)加强免疫后均能刺激机体恢复高浓度的抗-HBs,组间差异无显著的统计学意义(P>0.05).加强免疫1剂后,研究对象的抗-HBs阳性率>90%,53名抗-HBs<10mIU/ml研究对象的细胞免疫状态(IFN-γ阳性细胞百分比、IL-4阳性细胞百分比和IFN-γ/IL-4比值)也达到阳性对照组水平(P>0.05);加强免疫3剂后,研究对象抗-HBs阳性率达到100%,且几何平均浓度(GMC)显著高于加强免疫1剂后的效果(P<0.001).结论 抗-HBs衰减儿童加强免疫1剂10μg重组HepB(汉逊酵母)能产生良好的免疫应答.     

乙型肝炎疫苗初次免疫正常应答和高应答成人9年抗体持久性观察

目的探讨乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)初次免疫(初免)正常应答和高应答者成人初免后9年的抗体持久性及其影响因素。方法选择成人按照0-1-6程序不同种类HepB初免后的正常应答和高应答者[初免后1月(T1)抗-HBs≥100 mIU/ml],于初免后9年(T2)采血定量检测抗-HBs、HBsAg和抗-HBc;采用多因素非条件Logistic回归模型和多因素线性回归模型分析抗体持久性的影响因素。结果 4 022名随访对象中,抗-HBs阳性率由T1时的100%降为T2时的78.37%;抗-HBs几何平均浓度(GMC)由T1时的1 551.83(95%CI:1 488.30～1 618.07)mIU/ml下降为48.16(95%CI:45.52～50.95)mIU/ml。与初免接种20μg重组酿酒酵母HepB(HepB-SC)者相比,接种20μg重组中国仓鼠卵巢细胞HepB(HepB-CHO)者T2时抗-HBs阳性率和GMC均较高,其OR(95%CI)值和b(95%CI)值分别为1.52(1.19～1.95)和0.36(0.23～0.48)。与T1时抗-HBs GMC为100～999 mIU/ml者相比,T1时抗-HBs GMC为1 000～1 999、2 000～9 999和≥10 000 mIU/ml者T2时抗-HBs阳性率和GMC均较高,其OR(95%CI)值分别为4.64(3.62～5.95)、12.55(9.63～16.36)和16.82(10.61～26.66),b(95%CI)值分别为0.99(0.86～1.12)、1.87(1.76～1.97)和3.30(3.15～3.44)。T2时HBsAg阳转者9例,HBsAg阳转率为0.22%。结论成人HepB初免正常应答和高应答者初免后9年抗-HBs阳性率和GMC均下降,但多数人抗-HBs阳性率仍维持在保护水平;抗体持久性主要与初免疫苗类型和T1时抗-HBs的GMC有关。     

济南市历城区1-12岁儿童水痘-带状疱疹病毒抗体水平调查

目的了解济南市历城区1-12岁儿童水痘抗体水平,为完善水痘疫苗(VarV)免疫预防提供参考依据。方法2013年6-7月采取多阶段随机抽样方法抽取城区、农村山区、农村平原6个村(居委会)1-12岁健康儿童,采集血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测水痘Ig G抗体。结果共调查274名儿童,水痘抗体总阳性率为43.07%,几何平均浓度(GMC)为82.28mIU/ml。在无VarV免疫史儿童中,平原地区、山区儿童水痘抗体阳性率分别为52.94%、22.06%(χ~2=12.17,P0.05),GMC分别为126.70 mIU/ml、38.36 mIU/ml(t=2.97,P0.05);1-6岁、7-12岁儿童水痘抗体阳性率分别为14.75%、54.44%(χ~2=24.21,P0.05),GMC分别为28.55mIU/ml、144.61mIU/ml(t=4.67,P0.05)。调查儿童水痘疫苗接种率为44.89%;有、无VarV接种史者抗体阳性率分别为46.55%、26.45%(χ~2=10.36,P0.05),GMC分别为85.27mIU/ml、44.68mIU/ml(t=0.61,P0.05)。接种首剂VarV后3-5年抗体阳性率和GMC最低(40.00%,74.76mIU/ml),但接种后不同年限之间均无显著性差异。首剂VarV接种后抗体阴性儿童接种第2剂次后,抗体阳转率为96.61%(57/59),GMC为397.53mIU/ml。结论济南市历城区1-12岁儿童VarV接种率、水痘抗体阳性率偏低,接种第2剂次后可显著提高水痘抗体水平。应在提高1剂次疫苗接种率基础上,实施2剂次疫苗免疫策略。     

5岁以上儿童5μg重组乙型肝炎疫苗(酵母)加强免疫效果评价

目的比较不同剂次重组乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(酵母)[Hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinantdeoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)techniques in polymorpha Yeast,HepB-Y]加强免疫效果,为加强免疫决策提供依据。方法选择一周岁内完成乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)基础免疫的5岁以上儿童1728例,采集血清,使用化学发光法检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(Hepatitis B virus surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc),对仅抗-HBs阳性者接种5μg重组HepB-Y一剂次、抗-HBs阴性者接种三剂次,接种后1个月采血检测抗-HBs。结果加强免疫前、加强免疫一剂次和三剂次后抗-HBs阳性率分别为40.10%、94.04%、99.54%,三者两两之间抗-HBs阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗-HBs阴性者加强免疫一剂次、三剂次后抗-HBs阳转率分别为88.50%、99.42%,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),加强一剂次后,各年龄组儿童抗-HBs阳转率随年龄增加呈下降趋势(P<0.05),加强三剂次后,各年龄组儿童抗-HBs阳转率与年龄未呈现相关性(P>0.05)。抗-HBs阴性者加强免疫一剂次、三剂次后几何平均滴度(geometric means of titer,GMT)分别为450.47IU/L、664.95IU/L,抗-HBs阳性者加强免疫一剂次后GMT为3 663.68IU/L。结论采用5μg重组HepB-Y对5岁以上抗-HBs阳性儿童加强免疫一剂次、对5岁以上抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫三剂次,免疫效果良好。     

乙肝疫苗接种无(低)应答对策研究

目的:探讨乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种无(低)应答的对策。方法:对按0、1、6个月10μg×3方案进行HepB免疫接种后,选取无(低)应答者180例,平均分为3组,用下述3种方法分别加强免疫接种。结果:三种方法抗-HBs阳转率分别为:43.33%、66.67%、85.00%;滴度均值分别为:60.22mIU/ml、89.13mIU/ml、121.23mIU/ml。结论:无(低)应答人群再次加强接种,随着疫苗剂量的加大,抗-HBs阳转率和滴度值不断提高,如果首针接种双倍剂量疫苗,则效果更好。     

乙肝疫苗初免失败婴儿再免疫方法研究

目的探索乙肝疫苗初次全程免疫失败婴儿的再免疫方法.方法对乙肝疫苗全程免疫后乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)均阴性的144名婴儿,随机分成5组,1组为对照组,其余4组分别采用不同的再免疫方法,观察再免成功率.结果抗-HBs总阳转率为93.79%,抗-HBs几何平均滴度(GMT)为546.97mIU/ml,各组抗-HBs阳转率分别为87.88%、90.91%、100%、96.88%;各组GMT分别为475.34mIU/ml、658.65mIU/ml、625.18mIU/ml、455.90mIU/ml.结论乙肝疫苗初免失败婴儿,再免成功率达93.79%.     

3-17岁急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童乙型肝炎疫苗加强免疫的免疫原性和安全性观察

目的 探讨急性淋巴细胞白血病(Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ALL)儿童乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine, HepB)加强免疫的免疫原性和安全性。方法 在上海市某医院招募已接种3剂次HepB、乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody, HBsAb)阴性且病情稳定的3-17岁ALL儿童，按0-1-6月程序接受3剂次HepB加强免疫，检测免疫前和免疫后1个月血清乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody, HBsAb),观察每剂次接种后1周内不良反应，分析HBsAb阳转率、几何平均浓度(Geometric mean concentration, GMC)和不良反应发生率。结果 共入组99例受试者，HepB加强免疫后HBsAb阳转率为100%;免疫后GMC为336.59(95%CI:281.66-398.30)mIU/mL,是免疫前的148.38(95%CI:141.99-155.38)倍；免疫后总不良反应发生率为1.35%(4/297),均为低热和局部红肿。结论 ALL儿童在临床治疗...     

新生儿5微克重组乙型肝炎疫苗（酿酒酵母）无应答者不同剂次和剂量再免疫血清学效果研究

目的评价新生儿接种5微克（μg）重组乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗（酿酒酵母）[Hepatitis B Vaccine（HepB）Made by Recombinant Deoxyribonucleic Acid Techniques in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Yeast,HepB-SCY]后无应答者,使用不同剂次、剂量HepB再免疫后的血清学效果。方法抽取上海、山东、江苏、广西等省（自治区、直辖市）完成5μg HepBSCY全程免疫后的7~12月龄婴儿8945人,将其中的无应答者随机分为2组,分别采用5μg HepB-SCY和10μg HepB（汉逊酵母）（Hansenula Polymorpha Yeast,HPY）,按0、1、6个月程序进行再免疫,于再免疫第1、3剂后各1个月采血检测抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体（Antibody to Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Anti-HBs）。结果 5μg HepBSCY组再免疫第1、3剂后,Anti-HBs阳转率分别为78.95%（60/76）和91.67%（66/72）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.73,P=0.03）。10μg HepB-HPY组再免疫第1、3剂后,Anti-HBs阳转率分别为92.65%（63/68）和100.00%（64/64）,差异无统计学意义[费希尔（Fisher）精确检验法,P=0.06]。5μg HepB-SCY组再免疫第1、3剂后,Anti-HBs的几何平均浓度（Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC）分别为45.79毫国际单位/毫升（mIU/ml）和193.83mIU/ml,差异有统计学意义（t=3.55,P=0.001）。10μg HepB-HPY组再免疫第1、3剂后,GMC分别上升为107.71 mIU/ml和302.54mIU/ml,差异有统计学意义（t=3.52,P=0.001）。再免疫第1剂后,10μg HepB-HPY组Anti-HBs的GMC高于5μg HepB-SCY组,差异有统计学意义（t=-2.10,P=0.037）。结论对5μg HepB-SCY初次免疫后无应答婴儿使用5μg HepB-SCY再免疫3剂,或10μg HepB-HPY再免疫1剂,能获得较理想的免疫应答;再免疫3剂比1剂可获得更高的抗体水平。     

Long-term persistence of anti-HBs after vaccination against HBV: an 18 year experience in health care workers

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term persistence of seroprotection after hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. A total of 422 health care workers (HCWs) were evaluated 4.8-18.8 years after primary immunization (mean follow-up 11.8 years); 241 of them had received plasma-derived vaccines and 181 had been given yeast-derived vaccines; 107 subjects received a booster dose of yeast-derived vaccine 6 years after primary immunization with either plasma-derived or yeast-derived vaccines. Seroprotection was assumed when the anti-HBs titers were >10 mIU/ml. The overall response after primary immunization was 98.8%. Among subjects who reached a 10 year follow-up, those treated with plasma-derived vaccine had a seroprotection rate of 87.8 compared to 81.6% of those vaccinated with yeast-derived vaccines (P<0.001). Anti-HBs geometric mean titers (GMTs) after primary immunization were similar in the two groups, but were significantly lower at 10 years follow-up in the group that had received a yeast-derived vaccine (104 mIU/ml versus 244 mIU/ml in those who used a plasma-derived vaccine, P<0.05). Anti-HBs GMTs in the 107 subjects given the booster dose were 242 mIU/ml pre-booster titer, and rose to 35,171 mIU/ml after the booster dose. A mean 10.1 years after the booster dose, GMTs were 952 mIU/ml. Overall, the anti-HBs seroprotection rate was 95.4% (102 subjects). Based on GMT results, no booster dose is necessary in healthy adults for at least 10 years after primary immunization.     

健康幼儿甲型肝炎灭活疫苗及甲乙型肝炎联合灭活疫苗再免疫血清学效果及安全性研究

目的评价甲型肝炎（甲肝）灭活疫苗（Hepatitis A Vaccine,Inactivated;HepA—I）和甲乙型肝炎联合灭活疫苗（Hepatitis A and B Combined Vaccine,Inactivated;HepAB—I）一剂再免疫的血清学效果和安全性。方法采用开放式临床研究设计,选择210名已经完成乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗（Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB）全程免疫、且接种甲肝减毒活疫苗（Hepatitis A Attenuated Live Vaccine,HepA-L）≥6个月的24-38月龄儿童,分为2个试验组,分别接种1剂HepA—J和HepAB—I,并在免疫前和免疫后1个月,对受试者采血检测抗甲肝病毒抗体（Antibodyto Hepatitis A Virus,Anti—HAV）与抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体（Antibodvto Hepatitis B Virtus Surface Antigen,Anti-HBs）,并对受试者连续3d测体温,并观察可能发生的任何临床症状和随访,以评价两种疫苗的安全性。结果HepA—I组受试者再免疫1个月后,Anti—HAV阳性[≥20毫国际单位（mIU）／毫升（ml）]率由免疫前的95．1％上升到100．0％,几何平均浓度（Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC）由免疫前的124．41mIU／ml上升到7269.31mIU／ml,增长55．74倍。HepAB—I组,Anti—HAV阳性率由免疫前的88．8％上升到98．9％,GMC由免疫前的98．03mIU／ml上升到5174．76mlU／ml,增长58．35倍。HepAB—I组Anti—HBs阳性[≥10mIU／m1]率由免疫前的72．9％上升到97．8％;GMC由免疫前的22．20mlU／ml上升到1226．14mIU／ml,增长54．49倍。此次试验共观察到12例不良反应,均为发热,发生率为5．7％;未发现其他不良反应。结论在健康幼儿再免疫1剂HepA—I、HepAB—I后,血清学效果和安全性良好。     

Long-term immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccination in a cohort of Italian healthy adolescents

In 1992, 620 adolescents were vaccinated against hepatitis B. Anti-HBs concentrations were measured in 480 (77.4%) adolescents 1 month after completion of the primary course of vaccination. To assess the persistence of anti-HBs, 347 and 228 of such vaccinees were retested for anti-HBs in 1999 and for anti-HBs and anti-HBc in 2003. More than 10 years after vaccination, individuals with anti-HBs >or=10 mIU/ml were considered protected while those with antibody <10 mIU/ml were given a booster dose and retested 2 weeks later. Check performed in 2003 showed that 208/228 (91.2%) vaccinees retained protective concentrations of anti-HBs. All vaccinees were anti-HBc negative. 11 of the 12 (91.7%) individuals who were given a booster dose of vaccine showed a vigorous anamnestic response while the remaining one showed a weak response (10.6 mIU/ml). These data suggests that hepatitis B vaccination can confer long-term immunity and that immunological memory can outlast the loss of antibody. Hence, the use of routine booster doses of vaccine does not appear necessary to maintain long-term protection in successfully vaccinated immunocompetent individuals.     

Hepatitis A vaccination of Argentinean infants: comparison of two vaccination schedules

BACKGROUND: Early immunization to protect infants against hepatitis A (HA) is recommended in intermediate or high endemic areas of the world, but little is known of the effects of maternal antibodies on the immune response. We studied the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of an inactivated HA vaccine administered in two different schedules to 2-month-old infants in an intermediate/high endemic area in Argentina. METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized study 131 infants received either three doses (at 2, 4, 6 months of age [Group A]) or one dose (at 6 months of age [Group B]) of the pediatric inactivated HA vaccine, Avaxim 80, and a booster dose at 15-18 months. HAV antibodies were measured (ELISA) at 2, 7, 15-18 and 16-19 months of age. Immediate (30 min after injection) and solicited local and systemic reactions were recorded for 7 days after each injection. RESULTS: Of 107/131 subjects (81.6%) who completed the study and who provided final serum samples after booster dose, 94 (87.8%) were seropositive at enrolment (>20 mIU/mL) with geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of 2989 and 3637 mIU/mL in Groups A and B, respectively. One month post-booster GMCs were 8236 mIU/ml (95% CI; 6304, 10760) and 1687 mIU/ml (1148, 2479) in Groups A and B, respectively, with 100% seroprotection. CONCLUSIONS: The HA vaccine was well tolerated and induced immunological priming in both groups during the first year of life in spite of the presence of maternal antibodies. Post-booster GMCs achieved after one or three primary doses suggest a long-term protection against HA.     

威海市新生儿乙肝疫苗初免和低/无应答者再免疫效果分析

[目的]了解新生儿接种乙肝疫苗后的免疫效果和对全程免后低/无应答者的再免疫效果。[方法]2009年,在威海市3个市(区)抽取7～12月龄儿童1 102名,按"0,1,6"程序接种3剂次5μg啤酒酵母重组乙肝疫苗(HepB-SC),对其中低/无应答者分别按上述程序再次接种不同种类和剂量的乙肝疫苗,检测调查对象血清抗-HBs水平,观察变化情况。[结果]检测儿童1 102名,3剂乙肝疫苗接种后,抗-HBs阳性率为98.19%(正常应答率为84.66%、低应答率为13.52%),无应答率为1.81%;GMC为800.94mIU/ml。检测再免疫的低/无应答儿童127名(17名无应答、110名低应答),抗-HBs的GMC,再免疫前为45.72mIU/ml,1剂次再免疫后为1 373.50mIU/ml(P<0.01);3剂次再免疫后检测其中100名(14名无应答、86名低应答),抗-HBs的GMC上升为1 763.33mIU/ml,与1剂次后的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]按现行免疫程序乙肝疫苗全程免疫后,可以取得良好的免疫应答。对低/无应答者按相同免疫程序再次接种3针后,抗-HBs水平有较大幅度提高。     

成人重组酵母乙肝疫苗两种不同免疫程序接种效果观察

目的探讨成人乙肝疫苗两种不同免疫程序接种效果。方法对381名16～49岁年龄组HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc指标均为阴性者,采用0、1、3个月和0、1、6个月免疫程序接种10μg重组酵母乙肝疫苗,进行免疫效果观察。阳转率的比较采用χ2检验,抗-HBs GMT比较采用t检验,趋势检验采用相关分析,P〈0.05差异有统计学意义。结果应用国产10μg重组酵母乙肝疫苗,采取0、1、3个月和0、1、6个月免疫程序后1个月抗-HBs阳性率分别为88.95%和90.05%,差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.124,P〉0.05）;几何平均滴度（GMT）分别为94.95IU/L和145.12IU/L,差异有统计学意义（t=-2.007,P=0.045）;随着年龄增加,其免后抗–HBsGMT呈下降趋势（r=-0.117,P=0.023）。结论采取0、1、3个月和0、1、6个月免疫程序接种10μg重组酵母乙肝疫苗均可获得良好的抗体阳转率,后者产生的抗体滴度水平更高;且成人接种免疫年龄越小效果越好。     

Long-term antibody persistence and immune memory to hepatitis B virus in adult celiac patients vaccinated as adolescents

Aim of this study was to investigate the anti-HBs antibody persistence and immune memory to hepatitis B virus in adult celiacs vaccinated as adolescents and the effect of a booster administration in non-protected individuals. Eleven years after primary vaccination, the proportion of vaccinees with titres ≥10 mIU/ml and antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) were lower among celiac patients than among controls (68.6% vs 91.7%, p < 0.01; GMCs 29.38 mIU/ml vs 250.6 mIU/ml, p < 0.001). Participants with anti-HBs below 10 mIU/ml received a booster dose and were retested 2 weeks later to assess the anamnestic response. Post-booster anti-HBs levels were still <10 mIU/ml in 71.4% celiacs and 25% controls (p < 0.01).Our findings indicate that the prevalence of seroprotective levels of anti-HBs detected eleven years after primary immunization as well as the frequency of response to a booster dose of vaccine are lower in celiac patients compared to healthy controls.