一种低投入的人工智能焦炉加热自动控制系统

介绍了一种焦炉加热的微机智能化控制系统 ,根据蓄热室温度 ,优化了数学模型 ,利用人工经验库通过微机可实现加热的自动控制 ,并实现参数的实时记录、日报表的自动生成和设备巡检的记录等功能     

微机监控热力管道保温结构模拟测试装置研制

叙述模拟测试装置的测试原理及检测与控制系统的设计。该装置能实现温度和加热功率的多路自动巡回检测及自动控制，并自动评价保温结构的保温效果。     

气体热载体法热压型煤工艺的温度控制

采用５个阶段实现加热全过程的自动控制。介绍了控制回路的设置、各阶段的控制方法及主控程序。     

ERP框架下炼焦控制技术的研究

提出了在ERP框架下的自动配煤、焦炉加热和炼焦移动车辆无人驾驶自动作业的闭环控制模型,将这些控制模型进行上下层级之间的联动控制,实现炼焦生产的全智能控制系统。     

平钢化电炉热平衡问题探讨

本文叙述了平钢化电炉的内部结构和均匀加热的重要性。重点阐明了从四个方面实现电炉热平衡；电加热功率的合理分布；补偿加热；强制热平衡和自动控制。     

真空炉中超高温加热元件的控制方法

介绍了电阻温度系数较大的几种加热元件的特性，报道了具有通用性的自动分段调压电路工作原理及调试方法。该技术主要适用于高电阻温度系数加热元件的控制及保护，设计了通用性很好的调整加热电压的电路，现已成功地应用于真空炉中超高温度的控制，加热器的使用寿命得到了显著提高。     

高压电动机电加热烘烤方法的改进

叙述了在化工生产装置中,对高压电动机新增自动烘烤电源控制回路,实现在电机停车备用时自动投入外部电阻棒加热烘烤,开车时自动断电停止。使电动机能长期保持合格绝缘,确保了装置的满负荷、长周期、稳定生产。     

智能数显仪在生产中的应用

利用智能数显仪的万能输入、变送输出和控制输出功能,不仅可以实现加热站采暖温度根据大气温度自动调节的方案,而且通过改进可以实现硝酸透平压缩机轴位移联锁控制和应用于制作栲胶溶液槽上的液面计.     

改进高压电动机电加热烘烤方法

分析了川化股份有限公司一合、一尿装置水泵电动机绝缘性降低的原因,对高压电动机的电加热烘烤控制线路进行了改造,新增自动烘烤电源控制回路,实现在电机停车备用时自动投入外部电阻棒加热烘烤,开车时自动断电停止,使电动机能长期保持绝缘合格状态,从而确保了生产的连续性和稳定性。     

应用微型计算机控制焦炉加热系统

一九八○年,我厂开始应用微型计算机控制大型炼焦炉的加热系统,以代替传统的人工高温检测和控制,并进行了一系列的可行性研究和探讨,从而兴起了微机在厂内各个方面工作的应用。到目前为止,在生产上实现了四号58—Ⅱ型焦炉上应用TRS—80微机进行自动加热控制;在企管工作上,成功地     

Long-term residual value of North Carolina and Queensland rock phosphates compared with triple superphosphate

The effectiveness of large single applications of North Carolina reactive rock phosphate, Queensland non-reactive rock phosphate, and Calciphos, were compared to the effectiveness of superphosphate in field experiments in south-western Australia for up to 11 years after application. As measured using plant yield, superphosphate was the most effective fertilizer in the year of application, and relative to freshly-applied superphosphate, the effectiveness of the superphosphate residues declined to be about 15 to 65% as effective in the year after application, and 5 to 20% as effective 9 to 10 years after application. Relative to freshly-applied superphosphate, all the rock phosphates were 10 to 30% as effective in the year of application, and the residues remained 2 to 20% as effective in the 10 years after application. The bicarbonate soil test reagent predicted a more gradual decrease in effectiveness of superphosphate of up to 70% 10 years after application. For rock phosphate, the reagent predicted effectiveness to be always lower than for superphosphate, being initially 2 to 11% as effective in the year after application, and from 10% to equally as effective 10 years later. Therefore rock phosphates are unlikely to be economic alternatives to superphosphate in the short or long term on most lateritic soils in south-western Australia.     

绿色环保意识的趋向

随着消费者环保意识的提高,人们除了认清绿色环保能对社会和全世界起到巨大的促进作用,还认为绿色环保能够直接、积极地反映其社会地位,在某种程度上反映出消费者自己的绿色环保意识。介绍了消费者对"绿色化"的认识,对"绿色产品"的期望以及生产厂家对"绿色原料"的认证和对"可持续发展"所做的贡献。     

可编程控制器编程技巧

PLC软件编制思路及方法为：理解工程图纸中各种原理图；熟悉工艺流程，编写逻辑框图，软件重点应用考虑故障；以“点”带“面”进行编程；程序调试。     

Reinforcement of elastomeric polypropylene by nanoclay fillers

Polypropylene (PP) was prepared by metallocene catalysts so as to have a stereoblock structure, with isotactic sequences long enough to give crystallites functioning as crosslinks, but small enough in number to have the atactic chains predominate in a surrounding elastomeric matrix. The resulting thermoplastic elastomer was then blended with organically modified clays to document the conditions required to exfoliate the clay layers in a way to maximize the chances for good reinforcement. Some experiments included the use of modified PP as a compatibilizing agent or a commercial silica, for reference purposes. The clays were clearly superior to the silica, which was found to be ineffective for reinforcing this elastomer. The nanoclay fillers did provide improvements in modulus but not toughness, because of corresponding decreases in extensibility. Resistance to creep also remained a problem, presumably due to the clay layers interfering with the growth of the crystallites needed to form a robust network structure. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

尿素设备腐蚀的影响因素分析及防腐措施

针对尿素生产的特点,分析了对尿素设备腐蚀的影响因素:介质温度、氨碳摩尔比、水碳摩尔比、氨基甲酸铵溶液浓度、氧含量、硫含量、氯离子含量和介质流速等。提出了正常生产和停车封塔2种情况下的防腐措施。正常生产期间要严格控制如下指标:操作温度、系统的加氧量、硫含量、氯离子含量、氨碳比和水碳比;停车期间要严格控制系统的氨碳比和水碳比,同时根据不同状况来确定停车封塔时间。     

Adhesives in construction: A contractor's viewpoint

The development of epoxy- and polyester-based adhesives has dramatically widened the scope of adhesive bonding in the civil engineering industry but the technology of the adhesives used has often been more appropriate to the workshop than to the construction site. There is a need for the suppliers of structural adhesives to recognize this and to develop compositions and application techniques more amenable to site use. It is equally necessary for the construction industry to make more effort to understand these materials, to take advantage of their outstanding properties, and hence to use them successfully for the construction and repair of concrete structures.     

Role of Interfacial Debonding and Matrix Cracking in the Effective Thermal Diffusivity of Alumina-Fiber-Reinforced Chemical-Vapor-Infiltrated Silicon Carbide Matrix Composites

The thermal diffusivity of a biaxial weave alumina-fiberreinforced chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) SiC composite heated to 1500°C, which is above the manufacturing temperature, was found to exhibit an increase for heat flow parallel to the fiber plane, whereas a decrease was observed perpendicular to the fiber plane. The increase parallel to the fiber plane was thought to be due to the annealing of the fibers and matrix. The decrease perpendicular to the fiber plane was found to be the result of interfacial debonding and matrix cracking within the plane of the fibers.     

Ultrasonically initiated free radical‐catalyzed emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (i)

The emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by ultrasound has been studied at ambient temperature using sodium lauryl sulfate as the surfactant. The investigation includes the: (1) nature and source of the free radical for the initiation process; (2) effects of different types of cavitation; and (3) dependence of the polymerization rate, polymer particle number generated, and the polymer molecular weight on acoustic intensity, argon gas flow rate, surfactant concentration, and initial monomer concentration. It was found that the polymerization could be initiated by ultrasound in the emulsion systems containing methyl methacrylate, water, and sodium lauryl sulfate at ambient temperature in the absence of a conventional initiator. The source of the free radical for the initiation process was found to come from the degradation of the sodium lauryl sulfate, presumably in the aqueous phase. The weight average molecular weight of the poly(methyl methacrylate) obtained varied from 2,500,000 to 3,500,000 g mol⁻¹, and the conversion for polymerization was up to 70%. Deviations from the Smith–Ewart kinetics were observed. The polymerization rate was found to be proportional to the acoustic intensity to the 0.98 power; to the argon gas flow rate to the 0.086 power; to the surfactant concentration to the 0.08 power, with the 0.035M–0.139M surfactant concentration range; and to the surfactant concentration to the 0.58 power, with the 0.139M–0.243M surfactant concentration range. The polymerization rate was found to increase with increasing initial monomer concentration up to a point where it became independent of initial monomer concentration. The polymer particle number generated per milliliter of water was found to be proportional to the acoustic intensity to the 1.23 power; to the argon gas flow rate to the 0.16 power; to the surfactant concentration to the 0.3 power, with the 0.035M–0.139M surfactant concentration range; and to the surfactant concentration to the 1.87 power, with the 0.139M–0.243M surfactant concentration range. The polymer weight average molecular weight was found to be proportional to the acoustic intensity to the 0.21 power, and to the argon gas flow rate to the 0.02 power. It was found to be inversely proportional to the surfactant concentration to the 0.12 and 0.34 power, with the 0.035M–0.139M and the 0.139M–0.243M surfactant concentration ranges, respectively. The polymer yield and polymerization rate were found to be much larger than those obtained from an ultrasonically initiated bulk polymerization method. The polymerization rates obtained at ambient temperature were found to be similar to or higher than those obtained from the conventional higher temperature thermal emulsion polymerization method. This investigation demonstrated the capability of ultrasound to both initiate and accelerate polymerization in the emulsion system, and to do this at a lower temperature that could offer substantial energy savings. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 797–825, 1999     

Optimal biocompatible solvent design for a two-stage extractive fermentation process with cell recycling

In this study, crisp and fuzzy multiple-goal optimization approaches are respectively introduced to design an optimal biocompatible solvent to a two-stage extractive fermentation with cell recycling for ethanol production. When designing a biocompatible solvent for the extractive fermentation process, many issues, such as extractive efficiency, conversion, amount of solvent utilized and so on, have to be considered. An interactive multiple-goal design procedure is introduced to determine a trade-off result in order to satisfy such contradicted goals. Both approaches could be iterated to solve the interactive multiple-goal design problem in order to yield a trade-off result. However, the crisp optimization design is a tedious task that requires the designer to provide various pairs of the upper bounds for the design problem to obtain the corresponding solution. The fuzzy optimization approach is able to be trade-off several goals simultaneously and to yield the overall satisfactory grade for the product/process design problem.     

天然气化工的技术和经济分析

论述了当代天然气化工技术进展(乙烷、丙烷裂解制乙烯；乙烷催化联产乙烯和乙酸；天然气生产合成氨和甲醇；天然气制二甲醚；天然气经甲醇制乙酸；天然气经甲醇生产烯烃；天然气制合成油)，我国天然气资源及应用前景，以及对发展我国天然气化工的建议。