点火电路中低通滤波器的接地对其性能的影响

火箭发动机的点火电路中常串联低通滤波器来消除高频干扰信号。在理想情况下,低通滤波器的插入损耗会随干扰信号频率的增大而增大,但在实际使用中,低通滤波器的接地回路中会有接地阻抗,导致干扰信号频率无限增大时,低通滤波器的插入损耗会减小;并且通过实际测试,接地阻抗越大,插入损耗会越小。为此在点火电路中应减小低通滤波器的接地阻抗,来有效防止高频干扰信号使发动机误点火。     

加载倒T形并联枝节的微带低通滤波器设计

针对传统的高低阻抗微带低通滤波器和开路端短截线微带低通滤波器体积较大、过渡带较缓且插入损耗较大的问题,采用高阻抗传输线单元加载并联倒T形枝节方法,构成带阻滤波支路,抑制了寄生通带,减小了滤波器面积。以7阶切比雪夫低通滤波器为例进行了设计和测试。实验结果表明,倒T形并联枝节滤波器截止频率为5.06 GHz,通带内最大插入损耗小于0.95 d B,在5.61~13.6 GHz内阻带抑制超过21 d B,而滤波器的面积比传统的开路端短截线微带低通滤波器减小20%。     

UL连接6L6GC单端功率放大器

在播放音乐时为了获得自然的音色和声场感,放大器的高频、低频再生特性非常重要。通过增大放大部分的隔直耦合电容器和输出级阴极傍路电容器的容量,降低电源电路的阻抗,就有可能向下延伸低频播放频率。另外为了抑制高频噪声,在B电源滤波电路、供电电路和灯丝供电电路中串接电感线圈,还可以减小交扰调制,改善高频播放特性。     

弱电系统中的地线干扰与接地方法

介绍了地线的干扰机理以及减小地线干扰的对策和接地的基本方法.在电子电路中,地线不仅为电路提供一个电位公共参考点,而且也为电流提供一条能够流回源的低阻抗路径.由于地线存在阻抗,当电流流过地线时,会在地线上产生电压差,从而形成地线干扰,严重时将会影响电路的正常工作.减小或消除地线干扰的主要方法是减小地线的阻抗和地线电流.为此,可以针对不同的信号频率及干扰性质,根据系统的结构和功能采用相应的接地方式,将接地、屏蔽及滤波等措施结合使用.     

宽阻带平面低通滤波器的设计

低通滤波器是通信系统中关键的器件之一,常作为选频器件用来抑制干扰信号和谐波信号,因此低通滤波器阻带带宽成为关键指标.常见的平面低通滤波器采用短截线(分支线)或高低阻抗线结构,这些结构的低通滤波器阻带不够宽,一般在截止频率的2倍频或3倍频处出现寄生通带.本文使用等效的T形节替代低通滤波器中的串联传输线的方式实现了带阻滤波器嵌入到低通滤波器内部,既对低通滤波器的阻带上任意频段出现的寄生通带进行了抑制,又不影响低通滤波器的通带内性能,并给出等效T形节的综合设计公式.此结构综合设计方法严谨简单、易于平面电路实现,制作出来改进的低通滤波器对3倍频寄生通带进行抑制,扩宽了阻带带宽到4个倍频程以上,测试结果:通带带宽0~3GHz,通带插入损耗小于0.5dB,带外抑制3.6~12GHz大于60dB.     

差分过孔焊环及反焊环对高速信号完整性影响的实验研究

借助矢量网络分析仪研究了高速印制电路板信号层差分阻抗过孔焊环与相邻层反焊环尺寸对差分过孔阻抗、高速信号插入损耗及回波损耗的影响情况。结果表明,当焊环尺寸从2mil逐渐增大至 12mil时,过孔阻抗从84Ω 逐渐减小至75.8Ω,差分链路上的回波损耗及插入损耗则随阻抗匹配度减小而劣化,当相邻层反焊环尺寸从 8mil逐渐增大至20mil时, 过孔阻抗从79Ω逐渐增大至 84.6Ω,差分链路上的回波损耗及插入损耗则随阻抗匹配度增加而减小。     

一种对数域电流模式积分器及其在高频滤波中的应用

提出了一种新颖的对数城电流模式积分器。该积分器的时间常数由参考偏置电流控制。用该积分器设计了二阶带通滤波器和0．1dB纹波三阶Chebyshev低通滤波器。计算机仿真表明，所设计的滤波器实际频响特性几乎是理想的，而且高频谐波失真很小，通频带灵敏度很低，频率在很宽的范围内可控。电路由双极型晶体管和接地电容构成，适合于全集成实现。     

关于滤波器网絡綜合的一种方法

滤波器是无线电技术中许多设计问题的中心,可以用它来分开或组合不同频率。在阻抗匹配中也经常使用滤波器。通常需要的是两端终接电阻相等的滤波器,有时也需要一个具有阻抗变换型的低通滤波器。如在参量放大器信号回路中,需一个具有阻抗变换型的低通滤波器,而现有的设计参量往往不能满足实际要求,为此需对具体问题进行计算。本文主要讨论切比雪夫阻抗变换型的原型低通滤波器及椭圆函数低通原型滤波器的一种综合方法。采用这种综合方法,可避免解高阶代数方程。其他滤波器如高通、带通等都可在低通滤波器基础上经过适当的频率变换而得到,不必另行综合。     

高频开关电源电磁兼容研究

在高频开关电源电路中,经常会产生复杂的电磁干扰,因此,满足国际法规电磁兼容性是至关重要的。该文介绍了一种具备良好电磁兼容性的高频开关电源系统方案。通过分析高频开关电源产生电磁于扰传导骚扰的原网,该文对传导骚扰的传播路径进行了探究,并对产生干扰信号的线路以及元器件采取新型抑制措施,截断或改变了产生传导骚扰的路径。此外,本方案中还进行了线性阻抗稳定网络LISN测试,最后得到满足国际标准规定的电磁兼容EMC问题的高频开关电源设计。经测试结果表明,该方案设计可以在频率20MHz处通过EN55022B标准中规定的CLASS B限制要求。     

基于U型双平面电磁带隙结构的小型化低通滤波器

提出了新型的微波低通滤波器结构,利用人工电磁谐振结构的基本特性,当谐振单元的结构尺寸满足一定条件时,会产生带隙特性,阻带的频率宽度和抑制深度随着谐振器的阶数而变化,由此也会增大电路的结构尺寸。为了改善电磁带隙结构的频率响应特性,将周期性谐振单元在基板两侧对称分布,并通过在传输线上添加开路枝节谐振器和马刺线结构来增加传输零点,从而增大阻带频率宽度和带内抑制深度。同时,将渐变理论应用于电磁带隙结构以改善通带波纹系数。与传统电磁带隙结构相比,所设计的改进型电磁带隙结构既可以改善频域传输特性,又可以减小电路尺寸。     

Miniaturized microstrip lowpass filter using cylindrical-shaped resonators for integrated applications

A novel compact microstrip lowpass filter is presented in this paper. The structure uses stepped impedance and radial patches and it has the ??3 dB cut-off frequency at 4.39 GHz. The proposed lowpass filter has a wide rejection band from 6 to 30 GHz with rejection level more than ??20 dB. It has also other advantages such as: low insertion-loss <?0.1 dB and high return-loss more than 22 dB in 80% of the passband. The circuit size of the presented filter is about 90 mm². Such important advantages make the proposed lowpass filter applicable to be integrated in many high frequency circuits such as power amplifiers, oscillators, couplers and power dividers. It also can block the unwanted video transmitter interference nearby 4 GHz such as implementing between transmitter and antenna. The lowpass filter has simulated and fabricated and a good agreement was seen between the simulation and fabrication results.     

Synthesis of a first-order passive complex filter with band-pass/band-elimination characteristics

In this paper, a new passive complex filter is proposed. In the same fashion as the traditional real band-pass filter, the proposed circuit is also designed through the frequency transformation. In order to obtain the prototype complex filter suitable for passive realization, the extended lowpass–highpass transformation or the bilinear lowpass–lowpass transformation different from the well-known frequency shifting method is adopted. These transformations give two filters; however, the final circuits become identical to each other. The proposed circuit has two output terminals. One is the complex band-pass output, and the other is for the complex band-elimination. The proposed circuit includes a capacitor, an autotransformer or an inductor and termination resistors only. Because the proposed circuit has terminating resistors at both of the input and the output sides, it is suitable for high frequency application. As an example, two first-order complex filters which operate in 100 kHz and 10 MHz are designed and their frequency responses are measured. It is shown that the measured frequency responses agree with the theoretical ones through experiment.     

The design of CMOS continuous-time VHF current and voltage-modelowpass filters with Q-enhancement circuits

In this paper, very high frequency (VHF) current and voltage biquadratic lowpass filters implemented directly by the linear wideband finite-gain current and voltage amplifiers, respectively, are proposed and analyzed. A new Q-enhancement circuit which consists of a finite-gain wideband tunable voltage amplifier and a Miller capacitor is also proposed. It can increase the maximum-gain frequency f_M, and enhance the maximum-gain quality factor Q_M of the VHF lowpass filters. Experimental results have successfully verified the capability of the proposed new filter implementation method in realizing both VHF current and voltage lowpass filters with maximum-gain frequency f_M tunable in the range of 148 MHz to 92 MHz. It is also shown from experimental results that the VHF current lowpass biquad with the Q-enhancement circuit has the maximum-gain frequency f_M near 185 MHz and the maximum-gain quality factor Q_M up to 18.5. A fourth-order Chebyshev current lowpass filter with the cut-off frequency of 190 MHz has been successfully designed by using the current biquads with Q-enhancement circuits     

采用单个四端浮地零器的电压模式滤波器

文中提出了电压模式单ＦＴＦＮ滤波器新通用电路结构，它能实现二阶低通、高通、带通、全通（陷波）和一阶低通、高通、全通滤波功能。给出了二阶带通和一阶低通的ＰＳＰＩＣＥ仿真频响，进一步证实了理论分析的正确性，各滤波电路的增益与极点角频率（或品质因素）独立可调，且有低的无源灵敏度。     

Current-mode lowpass and bandpass filters using the operational amplifier pole

This paper proposes a circuit configuration for realizing current-mode lowpass and bandpass filters using the operational amplifier (op.-amp.) pole. The circuit simultaneously realizes lowpass and bandpass transfer functions using an op.-amp., three resistors and a capacitor. The effects of the paras tic poles (i.e. second and third poles) of the op.-amp. on the gain of a lowpass filter are also presented. Since the circuit uses the op.-amp. pole, it is suitable for high frequency operation.     

电流模式n阶传输函数的OA-OTA实现

提出了一种新的实现任意 n阶电流模式传输函数的网络结构。该电路仅含运算放大器 (OA)和运算跨导放大器 (OTA)有源器件 ,因而适于全集成。适当设置 OTA的跨导值能实现任意高阶传输函数 ,且传输函数的系数可独立调整。文中推导了滤波器的设计公式 ,并给出了截止频率为 1 0 0 k Hz的三阶巴特沃斯低通滤波器实例 ,PSPICE仿真结果表明所提电路及设计公式是正确的     

FIR低通和带通滤波器的关系分析与仿真

为了避开直接设计带通滤波器的繁琐设计步骤要求,利用低通滤波器与带通滤波器的关系,间接设计带通滤波器是创新之处,即通过设计简单的低通滤波器从而达到设计带通滤波器的要求。介绍了窗函数法FIR数字低通、带通滤波器的设计,给出了低通滤波器与带通滤波器的频率响应函数,并分析了它们之间的关系,得出了相关结论,结合实例,利用Matlab证实了该结论的正确性,为带通滤波器的设计提供了一种新方法。     

Q频段变容二极管二倍频器设计

采用商用变容二极管MA46H146设计了一款Q频段串联单管二倍频器。通过拟合该变容二极管的电容-电压曲线以补充该二极管技术资料中不完整的模型参数。针对宽带倍频的设计目的,该变容二极管的输入匹配网络采用高低阻抗线低通滤波器与相移传输线实现,输出匹配网络由低插入损耗带通滤波器及相移传输线实现。测试结果与仿真结果吻合,该二倍频器在输入功率为14.5dBm,变容管偏置电压1.2 V时,43～49GHz频段内倍频效率大于12.6%,最高效率34.7%。     

Compact lowpass filter using spiral compact microstrip resonant cells

A novel lowpass filter using spiral compact microstrip resonant cells (SCMRCs) for size reduction is presented. Four SCMRC resonators as open stub lines are connected at both sides of an SCMRC resonator so that the port impedance at the lowpass band is matched to 50 /spl Omega/. The proposed lowpass filter has compact circuit size and wide stop-band. A demonstration lowpass filter is designed, fabricated and measured. It shows low insertion loss, flat response in the lowpass band and wide stop-band.     

厘米波段介质带通滤波器的设计与制作

为了提高基站的通信质量,研制了高性能的窄带介质带通滤波器。选择切比雪夫低通原型设计线路,采用6个环形介质谐振器直接耦合实现滤波器,输入输出采用探针耦合。用HFSS软件对滤波器的结构进行了仿真。用εr=38的高Q值介质陶瓷材料制作了环形谐振器,分析了衬垫材料的高度对环形谐振器性能的影响,测试了级间耦合系数。最后制作出中心频率为6GHz的介质带通滤波器,滤波器的带宽窄（0.5%）,插入损耗较小,阻带衰减很高,达到了国内先进水平。