回转体高速垂直入水冲击特性研究

回转体入水过程不仅影响其运动轨迹,而且将引起回转体壳结构以及内部元器件的动态响应。本文利用大型商用软件MSC.dytran数值模拟技术,对圆盘尖拱头型回转体最危险的入水状态,即垂直入水过程进行了数值仿真,得到了此回转体垂直入水的冲击特性,以及垂直入水初期的弹道特性、轨迹与入水超空泡。分析结果将对此回转体头部壳体强度设计、提高抗冲击性能、入水弹道设计以及水中布放位置研究都具有重要的参考价值。     

回转体低速串联入水空泡及运动特性试验研究

为研究回转体串联入水过程中的空泡演化及运动特性,基于高速摄像及时序释放系统,开展了不同入水初始间距的回转体低速串联入水试验。利用图像处理技术对采集图像序列中的回转体运动进行识别提取,得到入水初始间距对回转体的入水空泡、纵向位移及偏转角的影响规律。试验结果表明：较小入水初始间距的回转体串联入水过程中,两运动体的空泡结构及尺寸均受到影响;随着入水初始间距增大,回转体串联入水过程中依次出现碰撞扰动、封闭空腔扰动、过渡扰动与弱扰动4种运动模式,在不同的运动模式中,两运动体的空泡及运动特性存在较大差异,其中碰撞扰动模式对回转体的运动特性影响最大。     

基于数值波浪的回转体斜侵入水研究

为了得到平头型回转体倾斜侵入波浪过程中产生的空化现象、诱导气相速度变化规律和回转体头部所受的压强变化规律,采用了VOF方法,在Fluent 15.0中采用动网格技术和profile文件嵌入赋予回转体运动状态,使回转体以60°的射角,100 m/s的速度匀速倾斜侵入波浪,对其产生的入水空化现象进行模拟。结果表明:平头型回转体在倾斜侵入波浪过程中产生不对称水雾化区;诱导气相速度在侵入波浪时最大,达到回转体入水速度的2.5倍,完全入水后诱导气相速度下降到回转体入水速度1.2倍;回转体头部所受压强在入水时达到最大,完全入水后回转体头部所受压强大小变化呈波浪状态。模拟结果可为弹丸入水的流动特性研究提供一定的参考。     

跨介质航行体高速入水空泡壁面运动特性

跨介质航行体高速入水涉及非定常多相流动,具有很强的理论研究意义和工程应用价值.为获得航行体高速入水空泡壁面的运动特性,对回转体模型高速入水开展试验研究,分析不同激励效果对空泡演化特性的影响,提取极值位移与姿态角和空化数双自变量的关系并进行曲面拟合.试验结果表明:垂直入水时,自由液面以上的喷溅环以及自由液面以下空泡壁面的...     

半疏水-半亲水球体垂直入水空泡数值仿真研究

采用流体体积多相流模型耦合连续表面力模型,对具有非对称表面润湿性的半疏水-半亲水球体垂直入水空泡形态发展过程进行数值仿真,分析了半疏水-半亲水球体垂直入水过程中受到的流体动力。研究结果表明：半疏水-半亲水球体垂直入水后,产生非对称入水空泡及“心”型喷溅,同时球体运动轨迹将偏离原竖直运动轨道,由疏水半球一侧向亲水半球一侧偏斜;入水初期,在球体表面形成液体薄层运动,在疏水半球一侧,液体薄层与球体表面分离,导致空气进入形成敞开空泡;在亲水半球体一侧,液体薄层沿球体表面向上运动最终在球体顶点汇聚;液体薄层汇聚后形成楔形流,楔形流在球体顶点与球体表面分离,继续向疏水半球一侧产生的入水空泡壁面运动并撞击,形成“心”型喷溅。     

回转体超音速入水冲击数值仿真

入水冲击问题是现代水中兵器的研究热点之一。采用商用CFD软件,使用流体体积函数(VOF)模型并结合动网格技术,仿真了平头回转体模型在亚音速、跨音速以及超音速状态下的入水过程,得到了模型在不同速度下的入水阻力特性、头部直径、液体可压缩性及空气激波对入水过程的影响。仿真结果表明,入水阻力系数峰值随着速度的增加先降低后平缓,峰值宽度逐渐降低;增大头部直径,阻力系数峰值增加,峰值宽度增加;水的压缩性会使阻力系数峰值出现的时间延后,数值降低;空气激波会使接触水面时刻阻力系数降低。     

回转体齐射出水过程空泡演化规律与弹道特性实验研究

为研究齐射出水过程中回转体间的相互干扰,基于高速摄像技术对小型回转体齐射出水过程开展实验研究。利用图像处理技术对采集图像序列中的回转体和空泡轮廓进行识别提取,并通过对比单发回转体和双发回转体在有无艇速下的弹道特性,分析齐射过程回转体间的流体动力干扰和艇速对其影响。实验结果表明：在回转体无艇速2发齐射出水过程中,首发回转体形成的低压区使次发回转体的内侧空泡发展较大,次发回转体的运动轨迹发生向首发回转体方向偏转;当存在艇速时,回转体空泡演化规律和弹道特性发生改变,在迎流侧高压和水流冲刷作用下,空泡均向背流侧发展较大,首发回转体发生沿流向偏转,次发回转体处于首发回转体的尾流场中,其姿态和轨迹仍存在向首发回转体方向偏转,但由于艇速作用使偏转幅度相对较小。     

膜态沸腾阶段球体入水空泡及流体动力特性

基于高速摄像实验方法，对膜态沸腾阶段球体、球体为室温时的亲水性表面球体和超疏水性表面球体垂直入水过程进行拍摄，得到入水空泡演化图像，通过对图像进行处理得到球体入水深度变化曲线。基于计算流体力学方法，采用流体体积多相流模型、耦合蒸发-冷凝相变模型，对球体入水过程进行数值仿真，仿真结果与实验结果具有较好一致性。膜态沸腾阶段球体入水过程中空泡与流体动力特性的研究结果表明：膜态沸腾阶段球体入水可以产生与超疏水性表面球体类似的光滑空泡；超疏水性表面球体表面与空泡壁面的接触线位于球体中心略偏上位置，膜态沸腾阶段球体底部与水之间存在一层水蒸汽膜，空泡壁面与球体表面不发生接触，球体附近空泡直径相对较大；当入水较浅时亲水性表面球体阻力系数相对较大，当入水较深时超疏水性表面球体和膜态沸腾阶段球体阻力系数相对较大。     

基于数值仿真的球体垂直入水空泡演化过程研究

为研究球体垂直入水空泡的演化过程,基于N-S方程、VOF多相流模型及动网格技术,对球体的垂直入水过程开展了数值仿真模拟并进行分析。球体入水初期受到较强的冲击载荷并产生喷溅,球体入水后会产生和大气相连的入水空泡,空泡形成之后,依次经历发展、闭合以及溃灭等演化阶段,空泡受到的周围流体压力是空泡发生深度闭合的主要原因,空泡在闭合后会产生上下两股高速射流。结果表明：数值计算得到的球体垂直入水空泡形态和试验结果吻合良好,验证了仿真的准确性。     

回转体边界层的有限差分计算方法

回转体边界层方程属于高阶非线性微分方程,回转体边界层微分方程的求解方法一直是工程上的一个难点。基于边界层理论,利用面元法求解绕流外部势流流场,从回转体轴对称边界层微分方程出发,引入Prandtl混合长度湍流模型,利用有限差分的方法对回转体边界层微分方程进行数值计算。最后,以某回转体外形为例,获得了较高的计算精度。     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Overview of Anti-tank Mines

First the different anti-tank mines laying possibilities are shortly summarized： hand emplaced, with mine layers, ground or helicopter relatively topographical well defined, and with cluster systems of projectiles, rockets and aircraft dispensers. Then examples of the three generations of anti-tank mines are presented：Ⅰ generation： detonating only beneath the track; Ⅱ generation： detonating beneath the track and belly; Ⅲ generation： mines with off-route actions. Weight and cost comparisons are strongly favoring the off-route Ⅲ-generation mines.     

A Finite Element Analysis on Static Strength of a Complex Section

A static finite element analysis （FEA） of an impulsive controller section is presented. The boundary condition and a part of the loads are applied. Considering the grades of the stress around the holes being large, the dense grids are adjusted accordingly. Four cases with different loads are compared, thus the influences of different loads on the section are analyzed. Numerical results show that the maximum stress of the section is lower than the strength limit of the material, and the section will not be broken with the static loads.     

Discussion on Mechanism of Breech-Blow Caused by Propellant Charge

From the view point of launch safety caused by fracture of propellant charge, this paper points out that the safety criterion of pressure wave is inadequate to evaluate the launch safety of propellant charge based on the initial negative differential pressure and sensitivity tests. Generally, the maximum barrel pressure does not depend upon the intensity of pressure wave correspondingly. The pressure wave intensity can not describe the fracture degree of propellant charge in chamber and reflect the mechanical environment of propellant charge fracturing exactly and wholly. The evaluation criterion for launch safety of propellant charge should be built on the basis of depicting the fracture degree of propellant bed.     

Experimental Studies of Toxicity on HNIW and Its Intermediates

The polycyclic nitramine hexanitrohexaazaisowurtane（HNIW） is a compound of high energy density. HNIW can replace 1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazacyclohexane（RDX） or HMX, hut its toxicity is unknown. In this paper, HNIW, hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane （HBIW）, tetraacetyldibenzulhexaazaisowurtzitane （TADBIW）, tetraacetyldiformylhexaazaisowurtzitane（TADFIW） and tetraacetylhexaazaisowurtzitane（TAIW）, which are intermediates of the synthesis of the HNIW, were selected as the tested objects in acute toxicity test, acute eye stimulation test and skin irritation test according to the standards of ＂chemical product testing method-401 ： acute oral toxicity test＂, ＂chemical product testing means-405： acute eye irritation/corrosion test＂ and ＂chemical product testing means-404： acute dermal irritation/corrosion test＂ of National Circumstance Protect Bureau. The results show that all of the five objects have no toxicity, no stimulation to eye and skin under the tested conditions.     

Dynamic Simulation for Missile Erection System

In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the missile erection system, it can be considered as a rigid-flexible coupling multi-body system. Firstly, the actual system is abstracted as an equal and simplified one and then the forces applied to it are analyzed. Secondly, the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic simulation for erection system is accomplished by use of the system simulation software, for example Pro/E, ADAMS, ANSYS, MATLAB/Simulink, etc. Finally, having the aid of simulation results, the kinetic and dynamic characteristics of the flexible bodies in erection system are analyzed.The simulation considering the erection system as a rigid-flexible coupling system can provide valuable results to the research of its kinetic, dynamic and vibrational characteristics.