上海水路运输市场监管存在的问题及对策研究

上海市水路运输市场经过近几年的大力发展,已经在上海市综合运输体系中处于不可替代的作用,但其监管的水平相对比较滞后,监管的手段、方法等都存在一定的问题,本文将对上海市水路运输监管存在的问题进行分析,并提出具体的解决对策.     

Comparing the fatality risks in United States transportation across modes and over time

This paper analyzes the transportation fatality risk in the United States. The analysis is in two parts. The first part compares the relative risks of the different modes based on data for the decade from 2000 to 2009. The second part is a time-series analysis for each mode using annual data from 1975 to 2010. By almost any measure, transportation is considerably safer now than it was in the mid 1970s. The improvement is especially noticeable for commercial modes such as aviation, railroads and maritime. Even the risks from private highway driving have halved during the past thirty-five years.     

U.S. Coastal Flood Insurance,Risk Perception,and Sea-Level Rise: A Perspective

This article uses coastal flood insurance policy in the United States to discuss the influence of historical and existing policy frameworks on the development of new policy directions in coastal management within a context of risk perception. It is presumed that under conditions of current and future sea-level rise, coastal planning will have to develop forward-looking policy instruments focused on managing human expectations, particularly the expectations of those living along the coast. Planning will be supported, in large part, by evolving scientific evidence on sea-level rise and the attendant hazards that accompany this phenomenon. It is likely that policy proposals for future coastal management will deviate to some degree from previous management practices. The role of previous management practices in supporting a perception of risk that deviates from actual risks is explored using historical and current coastal flood insurance policy in the United States as an example. The goal of this analysis is to highlight the importance of community risk perception, as a function of past policy practice, when considering new coastal management policy directions.     

美国海军潜艇潜望镜史(待续)

回顾美国潜艇部队建立初期围绕潜望镜发展人们所做的各种探索,叙述美国海军所使用的第一根潜望镜和美国制造的第一根潜望镜情况,对美国潜艇潜望镜的创始人科尔摩根及其公司的发展过程作了较为详细的介绍。同时叙述早期潜望镜隐身术的设想和有关德国战利品潜艇的奇闻轶事。     

美国海军潜艇潜望镜史(续完)

对二战后的潜望镜、潜望镜制造商和海军声纳实验室在潜望镜方面所起的作用等做了深入论述。     

美国海军潜艇潜望镜史(续二)

对博士伦公司在美国两次世界大战期间的作用、美国海军军方和科尔摩根光学公司围绕潜望镜的发展所采取的措施、特别是对美国海军建造和修理局的潜望镜标准化初衷做了扼要论述。对二战期间的2型潜望镜和4型潜望镜一些情况作了回顾。     

U.S. ports: evolution and structure

U.S. ports are facing competitive pressures similar to those being felt by ports elsewhere around the world. Despite the public enterprise nature of U.S. port authorities, they tend to function as 'business-like' organizations. This enterprise-like approach stems from their evolution from being primarily private railroad ports in the 19th century to public competitive port authorities in the 20th century. This paper provides an overview of the evolution of U.S. ports and the ongoing effect of earlier legislation, the varied resulting institutional structures, and current national and regional level issues. Although there is no national ports plan or strategy in the U.S.A. (the Constitution limits federal actions in the ports field) the federal government is involved in providing dredging services through the Army Corps of Engineers, navigation aids via the Coast Guard and other minor port-related services. U.S. ports typically come under the jurisdiction of state or local governments. Increasing competition coupled with other port issues (growing financial constraints, difficulties in obtaining dredging permits, environmental concerns and restricted landside access) is forcing some U.S. ports to enter into strategic alliances with others at a regional level.     

The U.S.S.R.: Ocean Use and Ocean Law

This paper is an attempt to illustrate the stance of the Soviet Union in the law of the sea debate in the light of Soviet ocean activities. The paper has two sections. First, it examines the range of Soviet ocean activities. The considerable extent of Soviet ocean use underscores the importance which the Soviet Union places on the law of the sea debate and its consequent active participation in the process of international negotiation. Second, the paper considers the published record of the Soviet Union in the United Nations seabed debate. In seven years of debate the United Nations General Assembly and the Ad Hoc and permanent Seabed Commities and sub-Commities have generated a considerable body of documantation reflecting the public policy of over one hundred States concerning the law of the sea. Soviet expressions of opinion alone cover more than five hundred pages of documentation. Specific Soviet positions can be considered within two ganeral preferences: the protection of traditional freedoms of the high seas and opposition to ocean control by either coastal States or by an independent international ocean authority. The paper shows how these preferences and the specific Soviet negotiating positions defend and promote the maritime interests of the Soviet Union.     

美国海岸警卫队简介

一、美国海岸警卫队的历史沿革美国海岸警卫队(U．S．Coast Guard)在美国五大武装力量中是唯一拥有执法权力的队伍,也是唯一不受国防部(Department of Defense)节制的一支队伍。美国海岸警卫队的历史渊源比较复杂,它是由五个不同的联邦机构逐渐合并而成的,而且主管部门也几经变更。     

油船运输市场现状与发展趋势

2002年下半年以来,油船运输市场在世界经济普遍复苏因素影响下迅速上扬,目前市场的繁荣是有目共睹的,但是这一轮的繁荣期能持续多久成为争论的焦点.从全球范围出发,对油船运输市场的供需、运价、造拆船市场现状进行了分析,并对未来油船运输市场的发展趋势进行了展望.     

从密苏里到纳坦兹——美国全球打击能力的发展

最近一段时间,有关美国和以色列是否会对伊朗动武的猜测充斥着许多媒体。大多数军事专家认为,如果以色列充当美国的打手对伊动武,那么最可能的打击方式将是使用F-15I和F-16I战斗机携带精确制导武器对伊朗进行突然打击。然而,如果美国亲自上阵打击伊朗,又会使用何种作战方式呢？以色列专家诺曼·奥菲尔认为,如果美国直接对伊朗动武,将会使用一种全新的作战手段——全球打击。     

美国海军GCCS-M及其发展

作为美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络，海军全球指挥控制系统(GCCS-M)提供C^4I能力和辅助指挥官制定作战决策。GCCS-M为海军部队建立和维护通用作战图(00P)，并与联合部队共享作战空间感知。从顶层体系结构的观点出发，综述GCCS-M计划发展概貌。     

美航母编队信息防御体系研究

论文介绍了美航母编队信息防御体系的建设需求、薄弱环节及体系层次,从编队在信息防御作战时担负的仟务出发,研究分析了编队指挥中心在作战中的作用,研究内容对我军军事装备发展具有一定的现实意义。     

U.S. public transit earnings, employment and privatization

This paper uses individual worker and municipal information to examine privatization's influence on public transit workers' earnings and employment. OLS findings on labor earnings reveal that privatization is associated with an erosion of the public transit union premium. These labor earning findings do not change when correcting for privatization heterogeneity, as unobserved worker characteristics do not differ with differing levels of municipal privatization of public transit services. The employment findings reveal that union public transit workers are more likely to be employed in the public sector and this union-nonunion employment probability differential, declines with increasing levels of privatization. This employment result is interpreted as suggesting that labor cost savings from privatization can be derived from the enhanced employment of relatively low wage nonunion workers in the public sector of public transit services.     

中美之间的集装箱运输

2003年7月出版的英文“亚洲海运“杂志指出,以往,每当美国的国内经济状况低迷甚至恶化的时候,泛太平洋航线的集装箱运输就会出现明显的萧条,但是这种现象已经成为过去.     

美军联合空情图构思及其发展

美国JSSEO使用MDA^TM（模型驱动结构）方法研发IABM（集成结构行为模型），一种与平台独立的对等计算程序模型，是构造单一合成空情图（SIAP）的中心部件。它融合和处理多个本地和远程传感器数据，旨在确保多个IABM单元为所有用户创建和维护一个相同的协调一致、及时和准确的空中目标航迹图。     

美国战列舰的设计

本文将尽最大可能描述二战期间以及二战之后美国战列舰轻型防空炮、雷达和指挥设备的性能细节调整情况，以便读者对不同时期的舰载设备性能形成全面认识。     

聚焦美国、日本经济

美国经济:复苏强劲但道路崎岖 总体而言,2003年的美国经济可以用两句话加以概括:第一句话是走出衰退进入复苏;第二句话是复苏的可持续性尚存疑问.     

美国卫星系统面临的问题及其对策

美国是目前拥有在轨卫星最多的国家，在充分利用卫星价值的同时，美国十分重视对卫星系统的防护。分析了美国卫星系统面临的三个问题，即：空间武器的威胁、空间武器以外的威胁和GPS星座的损失，并结合相关资料总结了美国的对策。     

美军军事通信卫星发展趋势分析及启示

文章讨论了美军先进的军事卫星通信系统,分析归纳了美军卫星通信的特点与发展趋势,并针对我国军事通信卫星发展现状阐述了需要解决的关键技术问题及发展思路。