An explanation of disproportionate growth using linear 3-dimensional informetrics and its relation with the fractal dimension

Summary We study new and existing data sets which show that growth rates of sources usually are different from growth rates of items. Examples: references in publications grow with a rate that is different (usually higher) from the growth rate of the publications themselves; article growth rates are different from journal growth rates and so on. In this paper we interpret this phenomenon of “disproportionate growth' in terms of Naranan's growth model and in terms of the self-similar fractal dimension of such an information system, which follows from Naranan's growth model. The main part of the paper is devoted to explain disproportionate growth. We show that the “simple' 2-dimensional informetrics models of source-item relations are not able to explain this but we also show that linear 3-dimensional informetrics (i.e. adding a new source set) is capable to model disproportionate growth. Formulae of such different growth rates are presented using Lotkaian informetrics and new and existing data sets are presented and interpreted in terms of the used linear 3-dimensional model.     

Generalized transfer principles in econometrics and informetrics

The generalized (also called extended) transfer principles as introduced in two earlier papers by Egghe and Rousseau are known to be stronger properties than the classical transfer principle of Dalton. Hence, functions satisfying one of these generalized principles are very good concentration measures. This paper studies the following non-trivial problem: how many different generalized transfer principles can a function satisfy? We show that a function can, at most, satisfy one generalized transfer principle. This also shows that a further generalization of transfer principles, comprising the generalized ones, is not possible. The proof of this result involves the solution of a norm problem in mathematical analysis and analytical geometry.     

Time-dependent aspects of co-concentration in informetrics

It is a well-known empirical fact that when informetric processes are observed over an extending period of time, the entire shape of the distribution changes. In particular, it has been shown that concentration aspects change. In this paper the recently introduced co-concentration coefficient (C-CC) is investigated via simple stochastic models of informetric processes to investigate its time-dependence. It is shown that it is important to distinguish between situations where the zero-producers can be counted and those where they cannot. A previously published data set is used to illustrate how the empirical C-CC develops in time and the general features are compared with those derived from the theoretical model.     

Category theory and informetrics: Information production processes

Egghe's continuous information production processes (in short IPP's) are described using category theory. Therefore, we first review the main ingredients of this mathematical theory, introduced byEilenberg andMac Lane more than four decades ago. Then we show how the notion of duality, as used byEgghe, can be placed in the abstract framework of categorical duality. This leads to a natural isomorphism involving the identity functor on a category of continuous IPP's. This natural isomorphism is completely similar to the well-known natural isomorphism between a finite-dimensional vector space and its double dual. We further show that to develop Egghe's theory on IPP's one needs no other intervals than the unit interval.     

Bridging the gaps: Conceptual discussions on informetrics

In this paper we discuss the possible gaps between several subdisciplines in informetrics and between informetrics and other-metrics disciplines such as econometrics, sociometrics and so on. It is argued that in all these disciplines, common models exist which describe the main points of interest. We also show that many concrete problems in these disciplines can be formulated in the same way and hence have similar solutions. We can conclude with the statement that the possible gaps between these disciplines are smaller than what many researchers in these different areas may feel and hence that many research projects could be set up in a wider framework.Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference on Bibliometrics, Informetrics and Scientometrics in Berlin (Germany), September 11–15, 1993.Permanent address.     

The controllable syntheses and electrochemical study of 1-dimensional nanowires, 2-dimensional nanoplatelets, and 3-dimensional nanotowers of MnO2

We report a facile hydrothermal synthetic approach to selectively produce 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional MnO2 nanomaterials reliably and conveniently. The influences of reaction conditions on the morphology and crystallographic forms and the formation mechanism of the as-obtained MnO2 nanostructures have been studied in this work. And the materials produced by this method have excellent crystalline nature. Preliminary electrochemical study indicates that the as-prepared 2-dimensional MnO2 nanomaterials are excellent cathode materials using in lithium batteries.     

Sixty-four years of informetrics research: productivity,impact and collaboration

This paper analyses the information science research field of informetrics to identify publication strategies that have been important for its successful researchers. The study uses a micro-analysis of informetrics researchers from 5,417 informetrics papers published in 7 core informetrics journals during 1948–2012. The most productive informetrics researchers were analysed in terms of productivity, citation impact, and co-authorship. The 30 most productive informetrics researchers of all time span several generations and seem to be usually the primary authors of their research, highly collaborative, affiliated with one institution at a time, and often affiliated with a few core European centres. Their research usually has a high total citation impact but not the highest citation impact per paper. Perhaps surprisingly, the US does not seem to be good at producing highly productive researchers but is successful at producing high impact researchers. Although there are exceptions to all of the patterns found, researchers wishing to have the best chance of being part of the next generation of highly productive informetricians may wish to emulate some of these characteristics.     

Conservation laws for 3-dimensional compressible Euler equations

The generators of infinitesimal symmetry transformations for the Euler equations, and the corresponding set of adjoint variables are derived. The associated conservation laws are then discussed. A detailed analysis of 1-dimensional flows brings into evidence the connections with current alternative approaches to conservation laws.     

Combining informetrics and trend analysis to understand past and current directions in electronic design automation

Scientometrics - There has been increasing interest in the study of research communities with the goal of optimizing their outcomes and impact. While current methods can predict future trends, they...     

三维七向编织结构细观分析

根据三维编织的主要工艺, 系统地分析了三维七向编织物纱线的面内和空间运动规律。在此基础上,建立了能反映其基本结构的几何单胞模型, 并推导了编织参数之间的数学关系, 为进一步分析三维七向编织复合材料的力学性能奠定了基础。      

A 3-dimensional analysis for evaluating technology emergence indicators

Scientometrics - Technology emergence has become a hot topic in R&D policy and management communities. Various methods of measuring technology emergence have been developed. However, there...     

Extremely scaled 3-dimensional multiple-gate technologies for terabit era

In order to make possible silicon-based, room-temperature operable devices having a feature size in the sub-5 nm range, an all-around gate FinFET having an extremely narrow gate-surrounded silicon fin with a floating body was proposed and fabricated. Sub-10 nm device issues such as short channel effects, punchthrough, source/drain series resistance, gate misalignment, and hot-carrier injection were intensively studied and optimized for the sub-5 nm structure. The sub-5 nm all-around gate FinFET with 3 nm fin width and 1.2 nm EOT was demonstrated for the first time.     

3D reinforcement of stiffener-to-skin T-joints by Z-pinning and tufting

Carbon fibre/epoxy T-stiffener-to-skin joint was reinforced through the thickness, either by insertion of Z-Fiber^® before autoclave cure of prepreg or by tufting of dry preform with a glass thread before resin injection and cure. The joints pull-off resistance increased significantly for both types of T-joints under both quasi-static and fatigue loading conditions. In the case of the tufted joints, the delamination between the skin and the stiffener stopped completely and the samples failed in bending. It is shown that a finite element model is successful in reproducing qualitatively the cracking progression in the unreinforced and 3D reinforced T-joint provided that the action of the through-the-thickness reinforcement is modelled by discrete nodal forced placed so as to replicate the physical reality.     

Damped nonlinear oscillations modeled by a 3-dimensional differential system

Summary The asymptotic solution in the sence of Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolskii of a 3-dimensional weakly nonlinear autonomous differential system is investigated. The system models oscillating processes characterized by strong damping.With 3 Figures