胃癌单抗检测活检粘膜组织833例结果分析

应用胃癌单抗ＩＤ１－２对８３３例窥镜活检组织进行了免疫学荧光检查，胃癌阳性检出率为８１．６％；胃溃疡为３２．７％；肠化生性萎缩性胃炎为４０．０％；食管和结肠腺癌分别为６０．０％和６２．５％，与单纯性萎缩性胃炎和浅表性胃炎的阳性检出率相比有非常显著的差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。表明ＩＤ１－２单抗可用于检测活检粘膜组织中的癌细胞以及具有癌细胞相关抗原的癌前病变组织，如果与内窥镜及常规病理学检查联合应用，将可     

抗人胃癌单克隆抗体(GM1:1D_1-2)在临床诊断中的应用及与幽门弯曲菌相关性的探讨

用本室制备的对胃癌有较强特异性的McAb GMG_1:1D_1-2对147例内窥镜活检组织压印片进行免疫组织化学检查,结果表明用本法检查组织印片中的癌细胞以及具有癌细胞相关抗原的癌前病变组织,特异性强,反应灵敏,结果可靠,如果与内窥镜和常规病理学检查联合应用,会提高早期癌的检出率。本文还就抗人胃癌McAb与CP的相关性进行了初步探讨。     

抗人胃癌单克隆抗体（GM1：1D1-2）在临床诊断中的应用及与幽门弯曲菌相关性的探讨

用本室制备的对胃癌有较强特异性的McAb GMG1：1D1-2对147例内窥境活检组担压印片进行免疫组织化学检查，结果表明用本法检查组织印片中的癌细胞以及具有癌细胞相关抗原的癌前病变组织，特异性强，反应灵敏，结果可靠，如果与内窥镜和常规病理学拴查联合应用，会提高早期癌的检出率。本文还就抗人胃癌McAb与CP的相关性进行了初步探讨。     

抗人胃癌单克隆抗体(GMG_1:1D_(1-2))在临床诊断中的应用及与幽门弯曲菌相关性的探讨

本文选用自制的胃癌单克隆抗体(McAb)GMG_1:1D_1-2对内窥镜活检组织压片进行免疫组化检查,以双盲法与病理组化学检查进行了比较,试图在提高相应肿瘤的检出率方面进行探索,实验结果表明,用本法检查组织印片中的癌细胞以及具有癌细胞相关抗原的癌前变组织,特异性强,反应灵敏、结果可靠。根据获得的结果,证明McAb免疫法对胃癌的阳     

应用单克隆抗体检测血中胃癌相关抗原的初探

本文应用鼠抗人胃癌单克隆抗体(GMG1:10-2)建立双抗体夹心ELISA法,并对134例正常人及140例临床病人血中胃癌相关抗原(GCAA)的表达进行了测定。结果表明正常人血清中GCAA的OD值为0.058±0.026(X+SD),以其X±2SD值做为正常人上限来进行阳性判定。慢性浅表性胃炎的阳性检出率为8.8％;慢性萎缩性胃炎的阳性检出率为20％;胃溃疡的阳性检出率     

HER-2阳性胃癌对曲妥珠单抗为基础化疗的病理反应

<正>以曲妥珠单抗为基础的化疗是目前治疗HER-2阳性晚期胃癌的标准方法,能有效延长晚期HER-2阳性胃癌患者总生存期和无进展生存率。由于手术标本较少,HER-2阳性胃癌曲妥珠单抗治疗后的组织病理学变化迄今尚未阐明。作者旨在描述HER-2阳性胃癌曲妥珠单抗治疗后胃癌组织反应及其与HER-2状态的相关性。     

胃癌单克隆抗体MGd1在胃癌免疫组化检查中的应用

本文报道采用MGd1胃癌单克隆抗体作ABC染色,检测胃癌、萎缩性胃炎等。61例胃癌中,54例阳性,阳性率8.5%,40例萎缩性胃炎,10例伴不典型增生,其中3例不典型增生上皮阳性,11例胃局部淋巴结转移癌,全部阳性,40例正常胃粘膜全为阴性。结果表明:MGd1胃癌单抗对胃癌有很高的特异性,可用于病理诊断。而胃癌的分化程度、浸润及转移能力与胃癌细胞内的相应抗原多少密切相关。     

单克隆抗体免疫细胞化学法在胸腹水肿瘤细胞学检查中的意义

本文用本室制备的对胃癌、结肠癌和肺癌选择性较强的单克隆抗体MG_7、MG_9、MG_3、及MG_5对321例次胸腹水的脱落细胞进行免疫细胞化学(免疫荧光和免疫酶标)检查。结果;胃癌、结肠癌和肺癌合并胸腹水中癌细胞的阳性检出率分别达85.7％、87.5％,和90.9％,显著     

两组单克隆抗体联合检测肺癌血清中癌相关抗原的研究

来文报道应用我室制备的单克隆抗体(单抗)WLA2C4、CL-3、Ps-9及Ps-10,用酶联免疫ELISA结合抑制法分别测定了肺癌组及正常人组血清中癌相关抗原(TAA)的含量,并以组合方式将4株单抗分为2组测定肺癌患者血清TAA含量,其中一组还对呼吸系统良性病变患者56例进行了测定。结果表明,单株应用单抗与组合应用单抗检测正常人组及呼吸系统良性病变组血清TAA的检出率均不高,两者之间无显著差异。而单株使用单抗检测肺癌组TAA检出率分别为52％～55％,组合应用后其TAA检出率显著增高,WLA2C4与CL-3组的TAA检出率为79.3％,CL-3、Ps-9与Ps-10组的检出率为85.2％,显示了组合应用单抗良好的互补性。鉴于组合应用单抗的假阳性检出率与假阴性检出率之和小于30％,故有诊断价值。     

胃癌组织cyclinE和p21~(WAF1/CIP1)蛋白表达的意义

目的 :探讨cyclinE和p2 1WAF1/CIP1蛋白在胃癌发生发展中的作用及其表达的意义。方法 :采用免疫组化S P法检测正常胃黏膜、萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生、萎缩性胃炎伴不典型增生各 2 0例和 78例胃腺癌组织中cyclinE和 p2 1WAF1/CIP1蛋白表达。结果 :cyclinE蛋白阳性表达在胃癌组高于正常胃黏膜、萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生组 ,而 p2 1WAF1/CIP1蛋白表达则相反 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;cyclinE、p2 1WAF1/CIP1蛋白表达与胃癌细胞分化程度相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ;有肝转移的胃癌组cyclinE阳性表达率高于无肝转移组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;有淋巴结转移组 p2 1WAF1/CIP1蛋白表达率低于无淋巴结转移组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :cyclinE蛋白高表达与 p2 1WAF1/CIP1蛋白失表达可能参与胃癌的发生发展过程 ,检测cyclinE和p2 1WAF1/CIP1蛋白作为反映胃癌病理学特点的参考指标可能有一定意义     

7033例纤维胃镜活检的病理分析

我们从1977～1987年10年间进行纤维胃镜粘膜活检7033例,其中正常粘膜288例,占4.09%;浅表性胃炎4487例,占63.79%;萎缩性胃炎357例,占5.07%;肥厚性胃炎3例(0.04%),各部位息肉56例(0.79%);慢性溃疡232例(3.29%);肿瘤1091例(15.55%),其中胃癌780例,占11.09%;食管癌302例,占4.29%;其他慢性炎症519例(7.37%)。正常粘膜检出率偏高萎缩性胃炎检出率偏低。浅表性胃炎最终可发展为萎缩性胃炎,而萎缩性胃炎部分可引起肠型胃癌的发生,三者之间的病变有一定的关系。提高纤维胃镜的活检诊断水平必须从取材、制片、阅片等每个环节做起,病理诊断必须结合纤维胃镜肉眼所见及临床资料。     

Absence of pepsinogen A3 gene expression in the gastric mucosa of patients with gastric cancer.

AIMS--To investigate the expression of pepsinogen A3 (Pg3) encoding genes in the gastric mucosa of normal controls and subjects with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. METHODS--One hundred and fifty nine patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with sampling of gastric biopsy specimens and serum. Pg3 isoproteins were determined by electrophoresis in serum and gastric mucosal biopsy specimens. Pg3 encoding genes were assessed by PCR in DNA obtained from peripheral blood. RESULTS--One hundred and one subjects (82 normal histology/chronic gastritis, 17 atrophic gastritis, two gastric cancer) showed a pepsinogen phenotype with presence of Pg3 and a corresponding pepsinogen genotype with presence of Pg3 encoding genes. Fifty eight subjects showed a phenotype lacking Pg3. In 39 of them (23 normal histology/chronic gastritis, 11 atrophic gastritis, five gastric cancer), a corresponding genotype without Pg3 encoding genes was found. However, in the remaining 19 subjects (4 normal histology/chronic gastritis, nine atrophic gastritis, six gastric cancer); Pg3 encoding genes were demonstrable in the absence of Pg3 production. CONCLUSIONS--Unexpressed Pg3 encoding genes can be shown in many cases of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer, but rarely in healthy controls and subjects with superficial gastritis. The correlation of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer with a pepsinogen phenotype lacking Pg3 can be explained by loss of expression of Pg3 encoding genes throughout the complete gastric mucosa. The mechanism of such loss and the importance as a marker for premalignant degeneration have to be elucidated.     

基于深度学习的慢性萎缩性胃炎诊断

慢性萎缩性胃炎是一种常见的胃病,如果得不到及时治疗,有可能发展成胃癌。然而,胃镜检查在萎缩性胃炎检查 中的敏感性仅为约42％,且活检受许多因素的影响。因此,使用卷积神经网络有助于提高诊断慢性萎缩性胃炎的准确性。 首先采用INPAINT_TELEA 算法对胃窦图像进行预处理,去除图像中的水印,对残差网络进行改进并嵌入 Squeeze_and_Excitaion模块以筛查慢性萎缩性胃炎,改进后的网络（SR-CAGnet）通过建立短路机制以及采用特征重标定 策略提高图像的分类效果。结果表明:与Alexnet和改进的ResNet网络进行对比,SR-CAGnet对慢性萎缩性胃炎的检出 率为87.92％,算法识别效果良好。通过使用Apriori算法并分析,得到萎缩性胃炎与胃镜检查下其他症状的关系,以辅助 医生的诊断。最后使用CAM热图验证模型的有效性。     

单克隆抗体MG7在胃癌癌前病变组织中的免疫组织化学研究

作者应用胃癌单克隆抗体MG7对289例胃粘膜活检标本进行PAP免疫组织化学观察,发现伴有肠化生的萎缩性胃炎组(20.0％)与伴有肠化生的癌旁粘膜组(62.1％)间、弥漫型胃癌癌旁粘膜肠化生组(41.7％)与肠型胃癌癌旁粘膜肠化生组(76.5％)间、轻型不典型增生组(23.9％)与中重度不典型增生组(54.0％)间,MG7-Ag表达阳性率均有显著性差异(均为P<0.01)。在胃癌组织中MG7-Ag表达阳性率为87.8％,而8例正常胃粘膜均阴性。结果表明,胃癌单克隆抗体MG7对胃癌的诊断具有较高的特异性;肠化生与胃癌(尤其是肠型胃癌)的发生有密切关系;对MG7-Ag表达阳性的肠化生和异型增生患者加强随访,将有利于胃癌的早期发现。     

Histologic and morphometric study of chronic gastritis in alcoholic patients.

The effect of chronic alcohol ingestion on the gastric mucosa was determined in 96 patients in whom gastroscopy was performed because of upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Seventy-two patients were classified as alcoholics and 24 patients as nonalcoholics. In all cases biopsy specimens were taken from the fundus and antrum. The diagnoses of chronic superficial and atrophic gastritis were based on conventional histologic criteria and a morphometric technique utilizing quantitation of the chronic inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. Alcoholic patients were found to have a higher incidence of chronic gastritis of the antrum than nonalcoholics (p less than 0.001). Fundic involvement was also more common, probably accounting for the decreased gastric acid output described in chronic alcoholic patients. Finally, gastritis was more severe in the alcoholics; below 45 years of age chronic atrophic gastritis was seen only in alcoholics. We conclude that chronic gastritis develops more frequently in alcoholic patients and evolves into chronic atrophic gastritis at an earlier age than in nonalcoholic subjects.     

Gastric giardiasis.

AIMS: To assess the prevalence of gastric giardiasis in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and to define the clinicopathological correlates of gastric Giardia lamblia infection. METHODS: Consecutive gastric biopsy specimens (n = 15,023) from 11,085 patients, taken at Feltre City Hospital (north eastern Italy) from January 1986 to December 1991, were histologically and immunocytochemically examined for the occurrence of G lamblia trophozoites. Three gastric biopsy specimens from patients harbouring G lamblia infection, who repeated endoscopy before treatment, were also examined electron microscopically. RESULTS: Forty one patients (0.37% of the population study) harboured gastric giardiasis. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy because of dyspepsia, epigastric pain, or abdominal distension. Only two patients had diarrhoea at the time of investigation. Giardiasis was clinically unsuspected in all cases, although the nine patients who also had duodenal biopsies performed had concomitant intestinal giardiasis. Gastric giardiasis was invariably associated with chronic atrophic gastritis. Intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa and Helicobacter pylori infection were found in 32 and 37 of the 41 patients with gastric giardiasis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The invariable association of gastric giardiasis with chronic atrophic gastritis, most often showing intestinal metaplasia and H pylori infection, indicates that a decreased gastric acidity is a prerequisite for localisation of G lamblia to the gastric mucosa. Though its possible role as a gastric pathogen remains to be elucidated, these findings suggest that trophozoites should be carefully searched for when examining gastric biopsy specimens showing chronic atrophic gastritis.     

Atrophic gastritis in young children and adolescents

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori associated gastric cancer arises via a multistage process, with atrophic gastritis being the precursor lesion. Helicobacter pylori is typically acquired in childhood, yet little is known of the prevalence of atrophic gastritis in childhood. AIM: To study atrophic gastritis among children from countries with high gastric cancer incidence. METHODS: Sections from topographically mapped gastric biopsy specimens from children undergoing clinically indicated endoscopy in Korea and Colombia were evaluated using visual analogue scales. Atrophy was defined as loss of normal glandular components, including replacement with fibrosis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and/or pseudopyloric metaplasia of the corpus (identified by the presence of pepsinogen I in mucosa that was topographically corpus but phenotypically antrum). RESULTS: One hundred and seventy three children, 58 from Korea (median age, 14 years) and 115 from Colombia (median age, 13 years), were studied. Helicobacter pylori was present in 85% of Colombian children versus 17% of Korean children (p<0.01). Atrophic mucosa near the antrum-corpus border was present in 16% of children, primarily as pseudopyloric metaplasia (31%, IM; 63%, pseudopyloric metaplasia; 6%, both). The median age of children with corpus atrophy was 15 (range, 7-17) years. CONCLUSION: Gastric atrophy occurs in H pylori infected children living in countries with high gastric cancer incidence. Identification and characterisation of the natural history of H pylori gastritis requires targeted biopsies to include the lesser and greater curve of the corpus, starting just proximal to the anatomical antrum-corpus junction, in addition to biopsies targeting the antrum and cardia.     

Expression of Lewis antigens and their precursors in gastric mucosa: relationship with Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinogenesis

Lewis (Le)-associated antigens are carbohydrates that are related biochemically to the ABO blood groups, and may have a role in Helicobacter pylori adherence. To evaluate their relationship to clinicopathological outcomes, gastric Le expression, including type 1 precursor, type 1 H, Le(a), Le(b), Le(x), Le(y) and sialylated Le(a) (CA19-9), was evaluated immunohistochemically in 233 gastric biopsy specimens obtained at routine gastroscopy. Expression was also investigated in gastric tissues showing chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and carcinoma from 42 patients with gastric cancer. A polymerase chain reaction was performed for H. pylori and the bacterial babA2 gene. We identified type 1 precursor expression in 34.3%, type 1 H in 55.8%, Le(a) in 44.2%, Le(b) in 82.0%, Le(x) in 44.2%, Le(y) 56.7%, and CA19-9 in 16.3% of the 233 gastric biopsy specimens. Expression of type 1 H, Le(b), and CA19-9 was significantly associated with H. pylori infection and histological features (p < 0.05), and expression of type 1 H was an independent predictive factor for H. pylori infection by multivariate logistic regression (p = 0.020). Positivity for the babA2 genotype correlated significantly with H. pylori infection and type 1 H expression in gastric biopsy specimens (p < 0.05). The babA2 genotype was more frequent in gastric mucosa from the gastric cancer patients than in gastric biopsy specimens from routine gastroscopy (p = 0.009). In the 42 gastric cancer patients, the frequency of type 1 precursor, Le(a), and Le(x) expression was significantly higher in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma than in chronic gastritis (p < 0.05), but the frequency of type 1 H and Le(b) expression was significantly lower in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Le expression, especially that of type 1 H, was significantly associated with clinicopathological features. In gastric cancer patients, Le expression was altered in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma in comparison with chronic gastritis.     

Dynamics of DNA synthesis in the gastric mucosa during ulceration

Changes in DNA synthesis in different phases of ulceration were discovered by a histoautoradiographic method in the gastric mucosa of mice in which an experimental gastric ulcer was produced. At the beginning of ulceration the labeling index (LI) diminished. Formation of an ulcer morphologically similar to the chronic type was accompanied by an increase in the number of DNA-synthesizing cells in its borders. During healing of the ulcer the proliferative activity of the epithelium fell almost to its initial level. Histoautoradiographic investigation of biopsy specimens of the gastric mucosa obtained by direct-vision gastroscopy in patients with gastric ulcer revealed increased proliferative activity of the epithelium at the margins of the ulcer. Similar changes in LI were found in gastritis accompanied by lesions of the glands and in atrophic gastritis.Central Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. V. Smol'yannikov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 12, pp. 661–664, December, 1979.