泡沫金属相变材料凝固传热过程的数值分析

利用计算流体力学软件FLUENT凝固/熔化模型,对填充以及未填充泡沫金属的2种相变材料蓄热球的相变传热过程进行数值模拟研究,得到了在第1类边界条件下蓄热球放热过程中的温度场分布、相界面移动规律。研究结果,表明与单纯填充相变材料的蓄热球相比,填充泡沫金属的相变材料蓄热球可以有效减少其放热时间,提高蓄热系统的放热速率。     

热虹吸管蒸发段内部强化传热的研究

针对工业应用最多的热虹吸管，其蒸发段常出现大汽泡，弹状流沸腾而引起的不稳定振动以及壁温波动现象进行研究，为改善热虹吸管蒸发段内部的传热性能，进一步提高其传输功率，提出了一种强化传热方法，即在热虹管内部插入－根同轴的多孔管，并对同轴多孔管蒸发段的强化传热机理进行了研究，同时通过可视化和性能试验进行了验证，得出了较好的结果。     

陶瓷／金属梯度材料瞬态传热的有限差分分析

利用有限差分法对陶瓷/金属梯度材料的瞬态传热问题进行数值计算,得出了线性梯度材料在不同瞬时的温度分布以及不同梯度结构的梯度材料在不同时刻的温度分布。     

多孔泡沫金属换热器内流体的流动和传热分析

对管间填充多孔泡沫金属的方形管壳式换热器内流体沿管间轴向强制层流的流动和恒热流密度的传热进行了理论研究。结果表明,流体的径向速度分布呈现类似于光管内湍流时近壁处薄层内变化率大,其余大部分区域平坦的特征;流体和泡沫的径向温度分布较为平坦;流体的压力降随泡沫孔数（ppi）增大的增长明显大于时流换热的Nu数随ppi数增大的增长;泡沫的孔隙率越小,流体的压力降越大,对流换热的Nu数也越大。     

热桥对居住建筑外墙传热性能的影响分析

热桥的主要影响是增加了墙体局部传热．选取几种夏热冬冷地区常用外墙，分别对其平均传热系数进行计算，与主体部位传热系数进行了比较，分析了不同结构、不同外墙宽度及不同窗墙比情况下热桥对墙体平均传热系数的影响．     

等离子弧热切削传热数学模型的研究

本文对等离子弧热切削过程中的热传导问题进行了研究，并建立了一个简化的实用数学模型，经与试验测试结果比较，所建模型基本上反映加热切削过程中加热温度变化特性。     

金属喷射成型过程单颗粒液滴的运动和传热研究

建立了金属喷射成型过程中单颗粒金属液滴的运动和传热数学模型，应用该模型对喷射成型过程中不同尺寸液滴的运动和传热过程进行了分析，确定了不同尺寸液滴的运动轨迹、温度变化及凝固情况．     

金属-陶瓷透气性复合材料的热震性研究

对Fe－α－Al2O3－mullite系透气性金属-陶瓷复合材料进行了热震试验,研究了热震温度与热震次数对该材料的强度与显气孔率的影响。结果表明,该材料具有较好的抗热震性能,临界热震温度为300℃;热震对显气孔率影响不显著。     

热虹吸管内部强化沸腾传热数学模型研究

建立了分流管强化热虹吸管内部沸腾传热的数学模型．并将数学模型计算值与实验测量值进行比较,结果非常吻合．     

连铸板坯热送过程传热模型研究

依据武钢现场条件,建立了连铸板坯（２３０ｍｍ×１３００ｍｍ,２５０ｍｍ×１５００ｍｍ）传热数学模型,全面探讨了连铸工艺参数对铸还热状态的影响,它可以应用于连铸坯“传搁时间表”的制订,为连铸坯热送热装提供了装炉温度的查询依据。     

基于辐射传输方程的稀土辐射器厚度优化分析

对以碳化硅为基底、氧化镱为表面涂层的选择性辐射器进行优化分析,基于热辐射传输方程和能量平衡方程建立数学模型,研究带内、带外光谱发射率与涂层厚度的变化关系.结果表明:涂层内外温差对发射率有削弱作用,而且涂层厚度越大这种削弱作用越明显.以0.98μm为典型波长的带内辐射,在涂层厚度为0.25mm时发射率有最大值;以1.8μm为典型波长的带外辐射,发射率随涂层厚度增加而单调增大.依据高性能辐射器应同时具备较高的带内发射率和较低的带外发射率的原则,综合分析得出稀土辐射器氧化镱涂层的最优厚度为0.25mm.     

Application of high temperature heat pipe in hypersonic vehicles thermal protection

In order to develop further the application of high temperature heat pipe in hypersonic vehicles thermal protection,the principles and characteristics of high temperature heat pipe used in hypersonic vehicles thermal protection were introduced.The methods of numerical simulation,theory analysis and experiment research were utilized to analyze the frozen start-up and steady state characteristic of the heat pipe as well as the machining improvement for fabricating irregularly shaped heat pipe which is suitabl...     

Simple method of calculating the transient thermal performance of composite material and its applicable condition

Degree of mixing of composite material is defined and the condition of using the effective thermal diffusivity for calculating the transient thermal performance of composite material is studied. The analytical result shows that for a prescribed precision of temperature, there is a condition under which the transient temperature distribution in composite material can be calculated by using the effective thermal diffusivity. As illustration, for the composite material whose temperatures of both ends are constant, the condition is presented and the factors affecting the relative error of calculated temperature of composite materials by using effective thermal diffusivity are discussed.     

Heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid through circular tube

Nano fluid is considered to be a class of high efficient heat transfer fluid created by dispersing some special solid nanoparticles (normally less than 100 nm) in traditional heat transfer fluid. The present experiment was conducted aiming at investigating the forced heat transfer characteristics of aqueous copper (Cu) nanofluid at varying concentration of Cu nano-particles in different flow regimes (300相似文献   

循环单井井管-井孔-含水层传热模型

为了研究循环单井复杂的传热特性,依据能量守恒建立了循环单井井管-井孔-含水层耦合传热模型.并将井管壁和井孔壁的换热包含于控制方程中,便于含水层、井孔、井管温度场的整场求解;在含水层传热中,考虑了热弥散的影响.然后,对循环单井现场试验进行了数值模拟,模拟过程显示出模型的输出对含水层渗透系数和热弥散度最为敏感,尤其是热弥散度,有无热弥散效应对模型的输出影响重大,应在模型中考虑热弥散效应.模拟结果表明,抽水温度的模拟值与实测值吻合良好,误差在10%以内,也表明建立的循环单井井管-井孔-含水层传热模型是正确的,能够用于实际.     

忽略回填料与岩土热物性差异对桩基埋管换热计算的影响

桩基埋管换热器具有桩径大、埋深浅的特点,适用于桩基埋管特点的系列导热解析解模型被不断提出,但是该类模型均忽略了回填料与岩土热物性的差异。对于桩径较大的桩基埋管而言,较大的热物性差异将引起较大的计算误差。建立了区别回填料与岩土热物性差异的导热数值解模型,对比分析忽略热物性差异对桩基埋管换热计算的影响,研究表明:导热系数差异对桩基埋管长时间运行的换热热阻计算影响甚小;容积比热差异将引起桩基埋管较大的设计容量误差;桩径越大,热物性差异引起的计算误差越显著。     

Convective heat transfer characters of nanoparticle enhanced latent functionally thermal fluid

The latent heat of the microencapsulated phase change material (MPCM) increases the effective thermal capacity of latent functionally thermal fluid. However, researchers found that the heat transfer performance of such fluids was diminished due to the reduction of the low thermal conductivity of MPCM. For this reason, the nanoparticle enhanced latent functionally thermal fluids were formulated and the heat transfer behaviors of these fluids in a vertical circular tube at the laminar regime were conducted. The result showed that slurries containing 0.5% TiO₂ nanoparticles by mass and 5%–20% MPCM by mass exhibited improved heat transfer rates in comparison with the conventional latent functionally thermal fluid and that the enhancement increased with the increasing MPCM concentration and up to 18.9% of the dimensionless wall temperature was reduced. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50076020)     

波纹管传热性能与污垢特性实验

采用污垢热阻动态试验法对波纹管和光管的流动阻力、污垢性能和传热性能进行实验研究,用氯化钙和碳酸钠配制硬度为800mg/L的硬水,在流速为0.25m/s,水浴温度为60℃的条件下,对两者析晶污垢进行了对比实验.两套实验系统都在一个恒温水浴内,设备系统的主体用两根管模拟换热器,一根为光管,另一根为波纹管.实验中,水泵将工作介质由低位水箱送至高位水箱,高位水箱向实验管分别同时提供水源,通过溢流式水位调节器保持恒定的水位.结果表明,波纹管具有良好的抗垢性能,表现出诱导期长、结构速率慢、污垢热阻小等优点;其平均传热系数都大于光管,表现出了良好的强化传热特性.     

基于经验整定公式的热工系统控制器参数智能优化

提出了基于大量实验总结得到的针对有自平衡和无自平衡对象的控制器经验整定公式,实验证明了公式的有效性,该公式可直接用于工程中。进而,利用粒子群算法(PSO)优化有自平衡对象构成的主蒸汽温度系统以及无自平衡对象构成的锅炉汽包水位系统的控制器参数,采用经验整定公式进行初始路径的选择,指导了粒子群最初的寻优过程,大大降低了寻优的随机性,克服了PSO进化速度慢及易于陷入局部最优解的缺陷。     

Theoretical determination of thermal diffusivity of composite material

A very simple model based on the Quadrupole method was used in the theoretical analysis of thermal diffusivity of composite materials of Cu-PVC, PVC-Cu-PVC, and Cu-PVC-Cu. The use of MATLAB software with a return to real space using the Stehfest algorithm makes the time of calculation very short. The thermal responses on the rear face of each considered sample, which determine the thermal diffusivity were represented. A mathematical demonstration which confirmed the results was given. Thermal diffusivity determined from the rear face thermal responses were compared with the results of the thermal diffusivity calculated by considering the composite materials to be homogeneous, and a discussion on the two kinds of results was provided.