HPLC法测定新疆阿魏不同部位阿魏酸的含量

建立新疆阿魏中不同部位阿魏酸的高效液相色谱含量测定方法.采用PLATISIL ODS(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇～0.1％冰醋酸水溶液(35∶ 65)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长320 nm,柱温30℃.测得阿魏酸进样量在0.440～5.396μg/mL(r=0.9997)范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系,平均回收率达97.8％,RSD为1.79％(n=9).新疆阿魏胶、根、茎和叶中的阿魏酸含量分别为0.2600、0.0362、0.0225和0.0275 mg/g,胶中阿魏酸的含量远高于根、茎和叶.该方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于新疆阿魏中不同部位阿魏酸含量的测定.     

紫苏愈伤组织迷迭香酸的纯化及抗菌活性研究

紫苏叶外植体在添加ＮＡＡ和２,４－Ｄ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导分化愈伤组织,愈伤组织中迷迭香酸的含量为８５％,愈伤组织干燥后经乙醇提取,乙酸乙酯萃取后,经Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ ＬＨ－２０柱层析,最后获得了纯度为９５％的迷迭香酸。抑菌实验表明此法获得的迷迭香酸对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及立枯丝合菌的生长均有明显的抑制作用,其最低抑制浓度分别为３００、４００及８００μｇ／ｍＬ。     

HPLC 法测定不同来源槐角中槐角苷含量

目的:建立HPLC法测定槐角中槐角苷含量测定方法并检测不同来源槐角中槐角苷的含量。方法:Luna 5u C18(2)100A柱(250 mm×4.60 mm,5μm),柱温为35℃,流动相为甲醇-乙腈-1%冰醋酸(40:5:55),流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为260 nm。结果:槐角苷质量浓度在14.58 mg/L～53.46 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为y=110353x-274717(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.5%,RSD为1.27%;不同来源槐角中槐角苷含量范围4.27%～8.78%。结论:该方法简便、快速、灵敏、可靠;不同来源的槐角中槐角苷含量有较大差异,其中以陕北黄土高原品种含量最高,可为槐角的质量保证提供依据。     

HPLC法测定烟草不同部位、不同提取方法茄尼醇的含量

为了建立烟草不同部位、不同烟草原料中茄尼醇的含量测定方法,本文取烟草不同部位经甲醇超声提取及烟草不同提取方法的提取物,分别用高效液相色谱法测定茄尼醇的含量。结果显示,烟草茎及叶柄中茄尼醇含量极低,烤烟中的茄尼醇的含量：中部烟〉上部烟〉下部烟,烟叶档次越高茄尼醇含量越高。提取溶媒为石油醚〉丙酮〉乙醇。     

双波长薄层扫描法测定不同来源枸杞子中甜菜碱的含量

通过对枸杞子样品提取、脱色时间等前处理条件的优化,建立不同来源枸杞子中甜菜碱含量测定的双波长薄层扫描法(TLCS法)。使用快速溶剂萃取仪(ASE 350)用80%甲醇提取出枸杞子中的甜菜碱,经活性炭脱色、雷氏盐沉淀、丙酮溶解沉淀,采用改进的薄层扫描法在检测波长为530 nm,参比波长为625 nm条件下对枸杞子中的甜菜碱进行含量测定。得到清晰的薄层色谱斑点,无干扰;甜菜碱点样量在3.84~38.40μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9995;平均加样回收率为98.30%,RSD=2.55%(n=9)。该方法简便、准确,重现性好,适用于测定枸杞子中甜菜碱的含量测定,可为枸杞的质量控制提供依据。     

西洋参不同部位皂苷类成分的指纹图谱研究

以西洋参（Panax quinquefolium L.）为材料,分别取主根、须根、芦头、参皮、参芯、茎、叶、花序、果实和芽孢等不同部位为材料,以高效液相法检测其皂苷类成分。利用系统聚类分析法和中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统对各部位的皂苷种类和含量进行分析,将西洋参的不同部位按照成分组成进行了分类。     

杜仲不同采收期及不同部位中桃叶珊瑚苷的含量测定

以高效液相色谱法,测定杜仲不同采收期及不同部位中桃叶珊瑚苷的含量。结果发现4~9月采集的样品中桃叶珊瑚苷的含量以4月份最高,以后逐渐降低。杜仲各部位桃叶珊瑚苷含量:内皮>叶>枝>栓皮,内皮中的含量明显高于其他部位。     

HPLC法测定虎杖中白藜芦醇的含量

本文采用高铲液相色谱法测定虎杖白藜芦醇含量。测量条件：ODS－C18柱,流动相为甲醇－水（35：65）,检测波长：300nm。结果表明：白藜芦醇在0.4－2.0μg范围内具良好的线性关系,相关系数γ=0.9998,平均回收率为98.19％。     

HPLC法测定不同产地鱼腥草中不同部位芦丁的含量

建立测定鱼腥草中芦丁含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。使用Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6×150 mm,5μm),流动相为(A:0.1%磷酸水溶液,B:甲醇),柱温为20℃,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为358 nm。测得芦丁的线性范围为0.02 mg/mL～0.50 mg/mL(r=0.9999),加标回收率为92.0%(n=3)。不同产地中芦丁含量测定结果表明,贵州产区的含量最高,河南的最低。不同部位中芦丁含量测定结果表明,叶中的含量均高于茎中5～10倍。本方法操作快速、简便、灵敏度高、重现性好,可使用于中草药中芦丁含量的测定。     

杜仲不同部位主要有效成分含量比较

以高效液相色谱法,测定杜仲不同部位绿原酸及松脂醇二葡萄糖苷的含量.杜仲各部位绿原酸含量:叶＞内皮＞栓皮＞枝;杜仲各部位松脂醇二葡萄糖苷含量:内皮＞栓皮＞枝＞叶.杜仲各部位绿原酸含量、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷含量均有明显差异.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定不同产地紫苏子和白苏子中乌索酸和齐墩果酸

建立反相高效液相色谱（RP—HPLC）法测定了紫苏子和白苏子中乌索酸和齐墩果酸的含量。色谱柱为Kromasil C18柱（250mm×4．6mm,5um）,光电二极管阵列检测（PAD）,流动相甲醇一水体积比为87：13,检测波长210nm,流速0．8mL／min,柱温28℃。乌索酸在10～400ug／mL,齐墩果酸在5～200ug／mL内呈现良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为100．6％和98．7％,相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为1．6％和1．2％。     

紫苏不同外植体的培养及再生

探讨了紫苏（Perilla frutescens）不同外植体在不同激素的不同浓度及组合培养基中的培养及再生情况,建立了紫苏的高效快捷再生体系。结果表明：（1）再生率由高到低依次是茎尖、真叶、子叶和下胚轴;（2）茎尖无论有无激素处理,再生率都在85%以上,添加合适的激素可提高增殖系数。真叶在MS＋TDZ 0.05 mg/L～0.1 mg/L范围处理下再生率均达70%左右。子叶最适激素组合为MS＋KT 1.0 mg/L＋IAA 1.0 mg/L,再生率22.22%。下胚轴最适激素组合为MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋IAA 1.0 mg/L,再生率14.61%;（3）再生苗在1/2 MS中生根良好,生根率达86.67%,平均根长7.36 cm;（4）真叶外植体可形成叶簇,并可反复诱导不定芽发生,增殖能力强,培养周期短,是最理想的外植体。     

Optimization of fermented Perilla frutescens seeds for enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid and bioactive compounds by Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1500

Abstract

Select LAB, including Lactobacillus fermentum TISTR 950, Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 2265 and Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1500 were investigated for their ability to enhance GABA, TPC and the antioxidant activity of perilla seed juice. L. casei TISTR 1500 produced higher GABA and TPC contents and presented higher antioxidant activity than other strains. Furthermore, the optimal fermentation condition to perilla seeds inoculated with L. casei TISTR 1500 to improve the GABA, TPC and antioxidant activity was performed using 3³ full factorial design. The final optimal values for perilla fermentation was found at fermentation time of 4.82 days (4 days 19?h 40?min), initial substrate of 5% (w/v) and fermentation temperature of 30.07?°C. Under the optimal fermentation condition, an observed values of GABA, TPC, ABTS, DPPH and FRAP were 71.46 µg/g, 3175.00 µg GAE/g, 1991.40 µg TEAC/g, 9178.29 µg TEAC/g and 7753.34 µg TEAC/g, respectively, which was 3.3, 0.9, 2.9, 10.8 and 10.2 times higher than that of unfermented perilla seeds, and 2.1, 0.8, 0.9, 10 and 9.2 times of fermented perilla seeds before the optimization. These results may provide the foundation to further target in industrial application for the production of plant-based and develop functional perilla seed products containing GABA.

• Highlights

• Improved GABA, TPC and antioxidant contents were found using Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1500

• Full factorial design applied to optimize fermented perilla seeds by lactic acid fermentation

• The optimized conditions dramatically increased GABA and TPC contents

     

紫苏花蜜腺的发育解剖学研究

紫苏花蜜腺位于不均等分裂的花盘裂片上,属于子房基部的盘状蜜腺。3枚小裂片上的蜜腺由分泌表皮和产蜜组织组成,而另一枚大裂片上的指状蜜腺则由分泌表皮、产蜜组织和维管束组成。4枚蜜腺的表皮细胞外均具薄的角质层,仅在指状蜜腺的顶部分布着密集的气孔器。蜜腺来源于花盘表面的2～3层细胞。在蜜腺发育过程中,液泡和淀粉粒呈现有规律的消长变化,这与蜜汁的合成与分泌有关。3枚小裂片蜜腺的原蜜汁来源和泌蜜途径与指状蜜腺不同。     

温度和紫外照射对紫苏FAD7基因表达的影响

植物ω-3脂肪酸脱氢酶(ω-3FAD)基因是催化亚油酸转化为α-亚麻酸(ALA)的关键酶基因,通过调节该基因的表达,可以提高植物ALA的含量。为了研究温度和紫外照射对紫苏PfFAD7的影响,通过RTPCR方法分析了紫苏地上组织的特异性表达和温度、紫外胁迫下紫苏叶片和茎中PfFAD7基因的积累情况。分析表明,PfFAD7基因在紫苏全植株中均有表达,但在叶片中表达量最高,温度和紫外照射均影响PfFAD7基因的表达,低温可诱导PfFAD7基因的表达,而高温则抑制PfFAD7基因的表达;UV-B照射下,PfFAD7基因在叶片和茎中表达量均表现为先升高再降低。本试验对于紫苏ω-3脂肪酸脱氢酶的研究有利于高水平ALA的积累,更有利于紫苏资源的开发和利用,同时对于进一步了解不饱和脂肪酸的积累和代谢过程以及关键基因PfFAD7在此过程中的功能提供了依据。     

Effect of light irradiation on anthocyanin production by suspended culture of Perilla frutescens

After a series of experiments on photoperiodicity and light intensity under daylight supplied by an ordinary fluorescent lamp in cultivations using a flask and a roux bottle, it was found that irradiation at 27.2 W/m(2) for the whole period was effective for anthocyanin production by a suspended culture of Perilla frutescens (shiso). A high amount of anthocyanin pigments, 3.0 g/L, was obtained in a bubble column bioreactor after 10 days of cultivation at an aeration rate of 0.1 vvm with light irradiation at 27.2 W/m(2), while 2 g/L was obtained at 13.6 W/m(2) and very little at 54.4 W/m(2). A high amount of anthocyanin pigments, 2.9 g/L, was also produced using an aerated and agitated bioreactor at an agitation speed of 130 rpm, an aeration rate of 0.1 vvm and light irradiation intensity of 27.2 W/m(2). The amount of anthocyanin produced was more than twice that without light irradiation, Keeping the other cultivation conditions the same. The results obtained also showed that the amount of anthocyanin pigment accumulated in a shake flask could be rather well reproduced in bioreactors for both aerated culture, and aerated and agitated culture, by improving the conditions of light irradiation, which conspicuously affects metabolite formation.     

A highly contiguous genome assembly of red perilla (Perilla frutescens) domesticated in Japan

Perilla frutescens (Lamiaceae) is an important herbal plant with hundreds of bioactive chemicals, among which perillaldehyde and rosmarinic acid are the two major bioactive compounds in the plant. The leaves of red perilla are used as traditional Kampo medicine or food ingredients. However, the medicinal and nutritional uses of this plant could be improved by enhancing the production of valuable metabolites through the manipulation of key enzymes or regulatory genes using genome editing technology. Here, we generated a high-quality genome assembly of red perilla domesticated in Japan. A near-complete chromosome-level assembly of P. frutescens was generated contigs with N50 of 41.5 Mb from PacBio HiFi reads. 99.2% of the assembly was anchored into 20 pseudochromosomes, among which seven pseudochromosomes consisted of one contig, while the rest consisted of less than six contigs. Gene annotation and prediction of the sequences successfully predicted 86,258 gene models, including 76,825 protein-coding genes. Further analysis showed that potential targets of genome editing for the engineering of anthocyanin pathways in P. frutescens are located on the late-stage pathways. Overall, our genome assembly could serve as a valuable reference for selecting target genes for genome editing of P. frutescens.     

杜仲籽油与紫苏籽油脂肪酸组成的比较研究

利用气相色谱法,对杜仲籽油和紫苏籽油的脂肪酸组成、α-亚麻酸含量等进行了比较研究。结果发现,两者不仅脂肪酸GC指纹图谱较为相似(脂肪酸组成、含量基本相同),而且外观、气味、折光率等质量指标也非常相近。说明了杜仲籽油具有与紫苏籽油同样的开发价值。     

Rheological characteristics of cell suspension and cell culture of Perilla frutescens

Physical properties such as viscosity, fluid dynamic behavior of cell suspension, and size distribution of cell aggregates of a plant, Perilla frustescens, cultured in a liquid medium were studied. As a result of investigations using cells harvester after 12 days of cultivation in a flask, it was found that the apparent viscosity of the cell suspension did not change with any variation of cell concentration below 5 g dry cell/L but markedly increased when the cell concentration increased over 12.8 g dry cell/L. The cell suspension exhibited the characteristics of a Bingham plastic fluid with a small yield stres. The size of cell aggregates in the range 74 to 500 mum did not influence the rheological characteristics of the cell suspension. The rheological characteristics of cultivation mixtures of P. frutescens cultivated in a flask and in a bioreactor were also investigated. The results showed that the flow characteristics of the cell culture could be described by a Bingham plastic model. At the later stage of cultivation, the apparent viscosity increased steadily, even though the biomass concentration (by dry weight) decreased, due to the increase of individual cell size. (c) 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物学因子对紫苏悬浮培养细胞生长和花色素形成的影响

应用摇瓶培养研究了生物学因子,即：细胞聚集体大小、继代周期和接种量,对紫苏悬浮细胞生长和次生代谢物花色素产生的影响。结果表明：与未经筛选的或细胞聚集体小于250μm的细胞团块相比,大于250μm的细胞团块作为接种细胞时,培养所得的花色素含量较低。7一10天为合适的继代周期,在长时期的继代过程中,细胞生长良好、并且色素含量也高。实验还表明,每升接种50克湿细胞最适合于细胞增殖与色素积累。