维生素E对胸腺T细胞CD抗原分化及其作用机理的研究

含ＶＥ０、５０、１５０、１０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ饲料喂饲４组初断奶小鼠８周后,观察ＶＥ诱导胸腺Ｔ淋巴细胞ＣＤ抗原分化的作用,以及对腹腔ＭΦ诱生ＩＬ－１作用的影响。结果表明：补充ＶＥ提高胸腺ＣＤ５表面抗原阳性Ｔ细胞总数、ＣＤ４表面抗原阳性细胞数（Ｔｈ亚群）、降低ＣＤ８表面抗原阳性细胞（Ｔｓ亚群）百分率;补充ＶＥ提高腹腔ＭΦ诱导ＩＬ－１的生成水平;大剂量补充ＶＥ（２０倍需要量）时,提高免疫反应的作用低于３倍需要量组,但未出现低于需要量组的反应。结果提示：ＶＥ促进Ｔ细胞的成熟、分化,并可能是通过提高Ｔｈ／Ｔｓ比值及诱发ＭΦ产生ＩＬ－１进行Ｔ细胞免疫反应的调节。     

维生素E对小鼠胸腺和脾脏T淋巴细胞转化及MΦ诱导IL－1的影响

ＶＥ缺乏组、１／３需要量组、需要量组、３倍需要量组、２０倍需要量组的初断奶小鼠喂养８周后观察Ｔ淋巴细胞转化及Ｍ中诱导ＩＬ－１反应。结果表明，ＶＥ增强半合适、合适剂量ＣｏｎＡ诱导的胸腺、脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞转化，且半合适剂量诱导的反应高于合适剂量，ＶＥ增强合适剂量ＰＨＡ诱导的脾Ｔ细胞反应，但不影响其诱导胸腺Ｔ细胞反应。ＶＥ还提高ＭΦ诱导ＩＬ－１生成。上述实验以缺乏组反应最弱，３倍量组反应最强，而２０倍量组反有下降趋势。     

维生素E对小鼠胸腺和脾脏T淋巴细胞转化及Mφ诱导IL—1的影响

ＶＥ缺乏组、１／３需要量组、需要量组、３倍需要量组、２０倍需要组的初断奶小鼠喂养８周后观察Ｔ淋巴细胞转化及Ｍφ诱导ＩＬ－１反应。结果表明，ＶＥ增强半合适、合适剂量ＣｏｎＡ诱导的胸腺、脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞转化，且半合适剂量诱导的反应高于合适剂量，ＶＥ增强合适剂量ＰＨＡ诱导的脾Ｔ细胞反应，但不影响其诱导胸腺Ｔ细胞反应。ＶＥ还提高Ｍφ诱导ＩＬ－１生成。上述实验以缺乏组反应最弱，３倍量组反应最强，而２０倍量组反     

维生素E对小鼠胸腺、脾脏T淋巴细胞及亚群的影响

五组初断奶小鼠分别饲喂生育酚（ＶＥ）缺乏，合有Ｖｈ１／３、正常、３倍及２０倍需要量的膳食，８周后观察Ｔ淋巴细胞及亚群的变化。结果表明：补充ＶＥ后，小鼠脾脏指数显著增高，胸腺指数仅略有上升，并提高Ｔ细胞、Ｔ＿Ｈ亚群百分率，降低Ｔ＿ｓ亚群百分率，使Ｔ＿Ｈ／Ｔ＿ｓ比值增高。提示：ＶＥ刺激脾脏细胞增生更为显著，ＶＥ促进Ｔ细胞的成熟、分化。ＶＥ影响免疫反应的作用可能是通过提高Ｔ＿Ｈ／Ｔ＿ｓ比值而进行调节的。除２０倍需要量组外，饲料中ＶＥ重与Ｔ细胞及亚群的提高相关，认为３倍需要量为合适剂量。     

维生素A缺乏对大鼠细胞免疫功能的影响

方法：初断乳ＳＤ大鼠２４只，均分为严重ＶＡ缺乏（Ａ）、轻度ＶＡ缺乏（Ｂ）和正常对照（Ｃ）三组，饲含ＶＡ０、４００、６００ＩＵ／ｋｇ饲料８周，测定大鼠外周血淋巴细胞转化、Ｔ细胞亚群及单个核细胞ＩＬ－２，ＴＮＦ－α变化。结果：重度ＶＡ缺乏会导致大鼠胸腺和脾脏的萎缩，ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４亚群减少，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８下降，淋巴细胞转化受抑，单个核细胞分泌ＩＬ－２、ＴＮＦ－α明显减少；轻度ＶＡ缺乏时，虽无明显临床表现，但ＣＤ４、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８有所降低，ＩＬ－２及ＴＮＦ－α亦分泌减少。结论：轻度ＶＡ缺乏和严重ＶＡ缺乏均会使细胞免疫功能受损，需引起重视     

青年胃印戒细胞癌细胞免疫状态及γδT细胞应用研究

青年胃印戒细胞癌是临床上预后较差的恶性肿瘤。为了研究该肿瘤患者的免疫状态及应用γδＴ淋巴细胞治疗可能性，对４例青年胃印戒细胞癌患者、６例正常人外周血作了免疫细胞表型分析（ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８、ＣＤ１６、ＣＤ２５、ＣＤ５６、Ｔγδ）及肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）和白细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６）检测。并对４例患者采用γδＴ细胞／ＩＬ－２过继免疫治疗（ＡＣＩＴ），观察细胞免疫动态变化。结果表明：４例青年胃印戒细胞癌患者外周血ＣＤ＋３、ＣＤ＋４、ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值均低于正常组。ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－６水平均高于正常组；γδＴ细胞治疗后，外周血ＣＤ＋３、ＣＤ＋４、ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值均升高。随访病人１０～２５个月，未见转移、复发，身体情况均好     

选择性IgA缺乏症的部分细胞因子研究

为探讨白细胞介素及白细胞介素受体在选择性ＩｇＡ缺乏症发过程中的作用，我们采用间接免疫荥光技术ＥＬＩＳ夹心法及细胞培养，分别对１５例患儿及对照组进行了Ｔ细胞亚群，Ｔａｃ阳性细胞（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα）百分率，ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ及ＩＬ－４含量检测，发现ＳＩｇＡＤ患儿Ｔａｃ阳性细胞（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα百分率及血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ明显高于对照组，ＣＤ４，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８，ＩＬ－４水平则显著低于对照组，表明血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒα异常     

大蒜素对小鼠脾脏Ｔ 淋巴细胞亚群影响的实验研究

摘要：目的　观察大蒜素对小鼠脾脏指数及其Ｔ 淋巴细胞亚群分化的影响。方法　将８０ 只清洁级昆明小 鼠随机化分组：生理盐水对照组、大蒜素低剂量组、大蒜素中剂量组和大蒜素高剂量组,每组２０只,并分 别按０．１ｍｌ／ （１０ｇｂｗ）、１００ｍｇ／ （ｋｇｂｗ）、２００ｍｇ／ （ｋｇｂｗ）、４００ｍｇ／ （ｋｇｂｗ）的剂量连续灌胃１４ｄ, 每天灌胃１次并称重。灌胃结束７ｄ后处死小鼠,无菌分离脾脏称重,计算脾脏系数,制作单细胞悬液, 采用流式细胞仪检测小鼠Ｔ 淋巴细胞亚群中ＣＤ４＋ Ｔ 淋巴细胞、ＣＤ８＋ Ｔ 淋巴细胞和ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋ 的值。 结果　大蒜素中、高剂量组和生理盐水对照组比较,脾脏指数、脾脏淋巴细胞ＣＤ４＋ Ｔ 淋巴细胞比例和 ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋ 值均升高,ＣＤ８＋Ｔ 淋巴细胞比例降低,差异有统计学意义（犉＝５．５２,犘＜０．０５）,而大蒜素 低剂量组与生理盐水对照组比较,脾脏指数、脾脏淋巴细胞ＣＤ４＋Ｔ 淋巴细胞、ＣＤ８＋Ｔ 淋巴细胞和ＣＤ４＋／ ＣＤ８＋ 值差异无统计学意义（犉＝１．８７,犘＞０．０５）。结论　大蒜素能够使得小鼠脾脏指数、脾脏淋巴细胞 ＣＤ４＋Ｔ 淋巴细胞比例和ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋ 值均升高,ＣＤ８＋ Ｔ 淋巴细胞比例降低,对正常小鼠脾脏免疫功能具 有正向调节作用。 关键词：大蒜素;脾脏;Ｔ 淋巴细胞亚群;ＣＤ４＋ Ｔ 淋巴细胞;ＣＤ８＋ Ｔ 淋巴细胞;ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋ 值; 脾脏 指数 中图分类号：Ｒ３９２．１１　　文献标识码：Ａ　　文章编号：１００９ ６６３９ （２０１７）１０ ０７５８ ０３     

维生素E对小鼠胸腺和脾脏的组织病理学变化的影响

初断奶的小鼠分为５组，分别饲以不同剂量水平的维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ），８周后观察免疫器官胸腺和脾脏的组织病理学变化。光镜结果表明：ＶＥ缺乏组小鼠脾脏、胸腺的淋巴小结缩小；正常需要量组、３倍需要量组小鼠胸腺和脾脏淋巴小结扩大、增多；２０倍需要量组小鼠胸腺和脾脏淋巴小结扩大，出现相邻小结融合现象。电镜观察发现：ＶＥ缺乏组和２０倍剂量组小鼠的胸腺和脾脏Ｔ细胞中线粒体结构改变出现嵴混乱、丢失及髓鞘现象。结果提示：缺乏或高剂量补充ＶＥ均可引起免疫器官Ｔ淋巴细胞超微病理结构的改变。     

细胞免疫状态与慢性乙肝临床类型及HBVM模式的关系研究

本文对慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血中Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群水平进行了研究。结果表明，与对照组相比，慢性乙肝患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞ＣＥ３％＝，ＣＤ＾＋４明显下降，而ＣＤ＾＋８增高及ＣＤ＾＋４／ＣＤ＾＋８比值下降尚未达到显著性水平，进一步分析结果提示，慢性乙肝患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的这种变化仅与机体是否感染ＨＢＶ有密切关系，而与机体感ＨＢＶ后所表现的临床类型，免疫反应产生的ＨＢＶＭ组合模式以及ＨＢＶ在体内复制的活跃     

Effect of 50- and 100-mg vitamin E supplements on cellular immune function in noninstitutionalized elderly persons.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that vitamin E can counteract the age-associated decline in cellular immune responsiveness (CIR). Particularly, T helper cell type 1 (Th1) activity, ie, interferon (IFN) gamma-producing Th1 activity and, hence, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) would be enhanced by vitamin E supplementation. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to study the effects of 6 mo supplementation with 50 and 100 mg vitamin E on CIR in the elderly. DESIGN: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 161 healthy elderly subjects aged 65-80 y. CIR was measured in vivo by means of DTH skin tests and in vitro by assessing the production of interleukin (IL) 2, IFN-gamma (a typical Th1 cytokine), and IL-4 (a typical Th2 cytokine) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. RESULTS: Both DTH and IL-2 production showed a trend toward increased responsiveness with increasing dose of vitamin E. However, IFN-gamma production decreased whereas IL-4 production increased in the groups receiving vitamin E. Only the change in the number of positive DTH reactions was borderline significantly larger in the 100-mg vitamin E group than in the placebo group (P = 0.06, Bonferroni adjusted). Subjects receiving 100 mg vitamin E with low baseline DTH reactivity or who were physically less active had a significantly larger increase in the cumulative diameter of the skin induration resulting from the DTH test than did the placebo group (P = 0.03), although this difference was not significant after Bonferroni correction (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION: Possible beneficial effects of 100-mg vitamin E supplementation may be more pronounced in particular subgroups of elderly subjects.     

苦瓜皂甙对衰老小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 :　探讨苦瓜皂甙对衰老小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 :　 1 5 mo雌性昆明小鼠 ,随机分为老年对照组 ( SC)、实验 组 ( E1 )、实验 2组 ( E2 ) ,SC饮用自来水、E1、E2两组分别饮含有1 0 0 mg/L和 2 0 0 mg/L的苦瓜皂甙水。饲养 5 w后 ,处死动物 ,取标本待测。同时制备衰老小鼠脾细胞、腹腔巨噬细胞、胸腺细胞 ,分别加入不同浓度的苦瓜皂甙 ( 2 5 mg/L和 5 0 mg/L) ,培养后待测。结果 :　苦瓜皂甙不影响脾脏指数 ,但胸腺指数有升高趋势 ,实验组吞噬指数、血清 IL- 2水平明显升高 ,且 E2高于 E1 ( P<0 .0 5 )。苦瓜皂甙能明显增加胸腺中 CD8+ - T细胞数 ,显著降低胸腺和脾脏中 CD+ CD8+ 双阳性 T细胞数。体外实验表明 ,苦瓜皂甙不但可促进脾脏分泌 IL - 2 ,还可显著增强腹腔巨噬细胞分泌 TNFα,但不影响胸腺细胞凋亡百分率。结论 :　苦瓜皂甙可通过改变 T细胞各亚群比例 ,促进 IL- 2分泌 ,增强吞噬指数 ,提高衰老小鼠免疫功能。     

Opposite effects of low and high dose supplementation of vitamin E on survival of MRL/lpr mice

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of vitamin E supplementation on the autoimmune disease course in MRL/lymphoproliferative mice. METHODS: Three-month-old MRL/lymphoproliferative lpr female mice were fed an AIN-76 diet containing 50 mg/kg (control), 250 mg/kg (E5), 375 mg/kg (E7.5), or 500 mg/kg (E10) all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate. Eight mice per group were killed for analysis after two months of experimental diets, and the rest of the mice were followed up to observe their proteinuria levels and life span. RESULTS: The data suggest that the life span of the E5 group was longer than the E10 group. Though alpha-tocopherol content in the plasma, liver, and kidneys increased in the mice fed the diet supplemented with vitamin E, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values in the liver and kidneys among these groups were not significantly different. IgM anti-ds-DNA and anticardiolipin antibodies were significantly higher in the E10 group than in those of the other groups. Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated interleukin (IL)-2 secretion was significantly lower, but concanavalinA-stimulated IL-4 and IL-10 production was significantly higher in the E10 group compared with the control group. The in vitro study also showed decreased IL-2 secretion and messenger RNA expression in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated splenocytes cultured in medium supplemented with high doses of vitamin E, but increased IL-2 with low doses of vitamin E. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that low and high dose supplementation of vitamin E has the opposite effect on the survival of MRL/lpr mice. The inhibitory effect of Th1 from high vitamin E content may not be beneficial for those suffering from Th2 prone autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus.     

维生素A、E辅助药物治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染的疗效及免疫状态分析

目的分析维生素A、E辅助药物治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染的疗效及免疫状态。方法选择2016年3月-2018年1月就诊的100例儿童反复呼吸道感染患儿,根据随机双盲法进行分组。对照组50例,单用匹多莫德治疗;研究组50例,在匹多莫德治疗基础上加用维生素A、E辅助治疗,均治疗3周。比较两组临床疗效、治疗相关指标、不良反应,并观察治疗前、治疗3周后T淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白及维生素A、E水平变化。结果研究组治疗总有效率比对照组高(P<0. 05)。研究组治愈时间、感染持续时间比对照组短,感染次数比对照组低(均P<0. 05)。治疗3周后,研究组CD3^+T淋巴细胞亚群水平比对照组高,CD4^+T淋巴细胞亚群、CD8^+T淋巴细胞亚群水平比对照组低(均P <0. 05),IgA、IgG、IgM水平比对照组高(均P <0. 05),维生素A、E水平比对照组高(均P<0. 05)。两组治疗前后T淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白水平及维生素A、E水平比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0. 05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。结论维生素A、E辅助药物治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染疗效确切,可降低患儿疾病复发次数,缩短病程,调节细胞及体液免疫功能,加强机体抗病能力,且安全性较高,利于获得良好预后。     

复合维生素对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本实验研究了维生素A、E、B_2、B_6及叶酸等供给不足及加倍补充后对BALB/C小鼠免疫功能的复合效应。动物喂养6周(恢复组喂8周)后取材实验。结果表明:不足组外周血T细胞、颗粒型T细胞百分率比对照组显著降低,补充正常量维生素后两者恢复正常,而2倍及3倍量组则比对照组显著升高。弥散型T细胞各组无差异。胸腺相对及绝对重量与T细胞百分率呈显著正相关。不足组脾抗体形成细胞比对照组显著减少,补充正常量维生素后抗体形成细胞显著增加,而2倍和3倍量组脾抗体形成细胞,ConA、PHA及LPS刺激后脾淋巴细胞~3H-TdR掺入率也比对照组显著升高(不足组脾淋巴细胞~3H-TdR掺入率不升高)。实验还显示,该复合维生素对脾组织cAMP和cGMP含量均有显著影响,这可能是其作用于免疫系统的生化机制。     

Filterability of erythrocytes from vitamin E-deficient lead-poisoned rats.

The time required for red blood cells (RBC) from vitamin E-deficient lead-poisoned (-E + Pb) rats to pass through polycarbonate filters after incubation in vitro was much greater than that of RBC from vitamin E-supplemented non-poisoned rats. Vitamin E deficiency per se (i.e., in non-poisoned rats) often increased filtration times, but in all such experiments the RBC from -E + Pb groups had even longer filtration times. Administration of lead to rats supplemented with vitamin E had little effect on the filtration rate of RBC. N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPPD) prevented the increased filtration times characteristic of RBC from -E + Pb rats, but replacement of the lard in the vitamin E-deficient basal diet by more highly polyunsaturated fats did not exacerbate the increased filtration times of RBC from -E + Pb rats. The increased filtration time of RBC from -E + Pb rats appeared to be related to the extent of RBC lipid peroxidation. Decreasing the pH of the RBC incubation medium from 7.4 to 6.6, an acidity typical of the spleen, markedly increased the filtration times of RBC from -E + Pb rats. Addition of lead in vitro increased filtration times of RBC from both vitamin E-deficient and supplemented non-poisoned rats, but filtration times tended to be longer in the deficient group. These results suggest that vitamin E deficiency and lead toxicity act synergistically to alter the deformability of the RBC thereby rendering it vulnerable to sequestration in the spleen.     

Relationship of vitamin A and vitamin E intake to fasting plasma retinol, retinol-binding protein, retinyl esters, carotene, alpha-tocopherol, and cholesterol among elderly people and young adults: increased plasma retinyl esters among vitamin A-supplement users

We studied the relationships of supplemental and total vitamin A and supplemental vitamin E intake with fasting plasma biochemical indicators of vitamin A and vitamin E nutritional status among 562 healthy elderly people (aged 60-98 y) and 194 healthy young adult (aged 19-59 y) volunteers. All subjects were nonsmokers. For the young adults, plasma retinol was significantly greater in males than in females (p less than 0.01); retinol was not related to supplemental vitamin A intake for either group. Fasting plasma retinyl esters demonstrated a significant increase with vitamin A supplement use. For supplemental vitamin A intakes of 5001-10,000 IU/d, a 2.5-fold increase over nonusers in fasting plasma retinyl esters was observed for elderly people (p less than 0.05) and a 1.5-fold increase for young adults (p greater than 0.20). For elderly people, greater fasting plasma retinyl esters were associated with long-term vitamin A supplement use (greater than 5 y) and biochemical evidence of liver damage. Elderly people who take vitamin A supplements may be at increased risk for vitamin A overload.     

交通污染相关PM_(2.5)亚急性染毒对大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的建立交通污染相关PM_(2.5)大鼠亚急性染毒模型,研究其对大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬功能、体液免疫和细胞免疫功能的影响。方法将24只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,即对照组(生理盐水组)及低、中、高剂量PM_(2.5)染毒组(剂量分别为1.5、6、24 mg/kg)。采用气管内滴注PM_(2.5)混悬液的方式对大鼠进行染毒,隔天染毒1次,共染毒6次。采用中性红比色法测定肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬功能,MTT法检测T淋巴细胞增殖功能,ELISA法测定血清中IgG、IgM、IgA水平。结果大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞的吞噬功能随着染毒剂量的增加而下降,24 mg/kg PM_(2.5)染毒组大鼠的肺泡巨噬细胞吸光度(OD值)低于1.5 mg/kg PM_(2.5)组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。大鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖功能随着染毒剂量的增加而下降,各剂量PM_(2.5)染毒组大鼠刺激指数(SI)均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。大鼠血清IgG、IgM、IgA水平随着染毒剂量的增加而降低,6、24 mg/ml PM_(2.5)染毒组大鼠血清IgG水平低于对照组,1.5、6、24 mg/ml PM_(2.5)染毒组血清IgM、IgA水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论交通污染相关PM_(2.5)可能抑制大鼠的肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬功能、细胞免疫功能和体液免疫功能。