辊底式热处理炉炉底辊损坏形式分析及处理

辊底式热处理炉炉底辊运行状态的好坏直接影响到到钢板的外观和质量,通过分析炉底辊的损坏形式及原因,采取正确的处理措施,能够有效的延长炉底辊使用寿命,保护钢板的下表面质量,最终达到增收节支的效果.     

辊底式热处理炉数学模型的研究与应用

根据传热学原理建立了钢板温度变化的数学模型,研究了炉内物料跟踪、钢板在炉时间及辊道速度等,进行了钢板温度均匀性测试。     

辊底式热处理炉炉底辊在线更换检修的探索

针对舞钢新轧钢厂热处理线炉底辊频繁断裂的问题,分析了现行炉底辊更换方法的优缺点,结合生产及现场实际,提出了简单易行的炉底辊在线更换方案,实现了不停炉更换炉底辊,不仅缩短了停炉时间,还避免了能源消耗,取得了良好效果。     

辐射管保护气氛中厚板辊底式热处理炉的应用

论述了南京钢铁集团有限公司中厚板辊底式热处理炉在设计中解决的主要技术问题及实际生产后辊底炉各项技术指标参数的选取.     

辊底式热处理炉辐射强度的理论研究

针对钢板热处理用辊底式热处理炉的设计,建立了炉墙、辐射管以及炉辊（钢板）之间的传热数学模型,研究了辐射管的辐射强度对炉子升温速度以及辐射管表面温度的影响。从理论上计算并确定了辊底式热处理炉辐射管辐射强度的取值范围,揭示了辐射强度对辊底式热处理炉设计的重要意义,并且通过理论与实际相结合,对研究结果进行了进一步的验证。     

辊底式热处理炉炉底辊损坏形式及对策分析

辊底式热处理炉炉底辊运行状态会对钢板的质量、外观产生很大影响,文章通过对炉底辊的损坏原因、具体形式进行分析,使制定并实施的措施具有较强的针对性,可以在保护钢板下表面的同时,让炉底辊的使用寿命进一步延长,从而实现增收节支的最终目的.     

辊底式热处理炉燃烧系统的改造

介绍了某厚板厂辊底式热处理炉燃烧控制系统的改造情况,包括总体布局、系统组成、控制方案及其实现.该系统的运用获得了满意的效果.     

辊底式热处理炉过程控制系统及应用

以南钢辊底式热处理炉为研究对象,全面分析了其过程控制特点。并以辊底式热处理炉数学模型为基础,实现了辊底式热处理炉的计算机优化控制。该辊底式热处理在线优化控制可实现炉内钢板位置的实时跟踪、温度的动态计算、最佳炉温优化及在线反馈修正、钢板装出炉在线修正等功能,最终实现了全线计算机控制系统网络。     

Mathematical model for burden distribution in blast furnace

Burden distribution in a blast furnace is vital to its smooth running. However, it is difficult to directly measure the burden distribution for an operating blast furnace. Therefore, mathematical models have been applied to guide the charging process to achieve the desired burden distribution. The accuracies of such models depend on the prediction of falling curve, stockline profile formation, and burden descent mode. In this study, a new stockline profile formation model is proposed in which new equations have been developed for the inner and outer repose angle by considering the influence of the burden flow's vertical and horizontal velocity at the apex of the stockline profile. Validation of this new stockline profile formation model is provided through comparison between calculated results and experimental data for stockline profile. A stepped burden descending strategy, in which the burden would descend through a specified distance after each ring charging process, is proposed corresponding to the successive charging process. The influence of the burden descending strategy on the falling point, the final burden profile and radial depth ratio of ore to coke is also analysed. The result shows that the burden descending strategy greatly affects the final burden distribution, especially in the peripheral region.     

高炉料流轨迹的数学模型

针对目前高炉料流轨迹计算的不足,本模型考虑了颗粒在空区下落过程中受重力、浮力及煤气曳力的作用,计算了炉料颗粒在溜槽和空区下落等阶段的运动轨迹.通过探讨不同炉料(焦炭、烧结矿、球团矿)在其粒径范围内的布料半径变化及煤气的曳力大小,分析了曳力对炉料落点的影响规律.结果表明:精确计算料流轨迹必须考虑煤气曳力的影响,不同密度、粒径及形状系数的颗粒在料面上落点各不相同,炉顶煤气流分布将影响高炉炉料的径向分布.     

不锈钢带钢卧式连续热处理炉内传热过程数学模型

建立了带钢在卧式连续热处理炉内传热过程的数学模型,并通过TDMA方法求解得到了相同炉温制度下不同带钢厚度、宽度和速度对带钢温度分布的影响。计算出了特定工况下的极限带宽、带速和带厚,同时对不同炉温制度下带钢在全炉的温度分布进行了预测和分析。所得结论对带钢卧式连续热处理炉计算机优化控制具有重要的指导意义。     

立式炉内转向辊传热过程数学模型

应用粗糙表面间接触换热数学模型,建立了带钢连续热处理立式炉内转向辊辊室传热过程数学模型,综合考虑了接触换热、对流换热、辐射换热等换热方式.对转向辊辊室传热的仿真分析表明:转向辊辊面温度变化层的厚度不超过10mm,同时在带钢连续热处理立式炉中,可以忽略转向辊传热对带钢温度的影响.     

Mathematical model of the stack region of a commercial lead blast furnace

A mathematical model of the stack region of a commercial lead blast furnace is presented. The mass and heat balance equations were solved in conjunction with the kinetic expression for the rate of re-duction of the solids based upon the grain model, utilizing the measured structural parameters of the sinter feed and the measured kinetic parameters. Satisfactory agreement has been achieved between the computed and experimental axial profiles of gas and solids temperature, pressure, gas composi-tion, and condensed phases composition. The model is used to predict the effects of changes of bed voidage, physical properties, and chemical constitution of the sinter and the effects of gas and solids flow maldistribution on the operation of the furnace. In particular, it is noted that for a sinter with the typical physical properties of a commercial sinter, improved conversion in the upper reaches of the furnace is predicted when lead is in the form of lead oxide rather than as the relatively unreac-tive lead calcium silicates. The improved conversion is accompanied by better utilization of carbon monoxide. Further, the model suggests that the formation of scaffolds in the furnace may be due to flow maldistribution causing high temperatures in the vicinity of the furnace wall.     

合理调整高炉风口参数的数学模型及措施

 合理调整风口对大型高炉吹透中心、活跃炉缸十分重要。目前,实际操作常常认为增加风口长度、增加风口回旋区深度、缩小风口面积能提高风速,进而提高鼓风动能,以利于吹透中心。建立了调整风口参数的数学模型,并以某厂3 200 m3高炉为例,给出了在总风量不变的条件下,增加1个风口长度、减小1个风口面积以及多个风口尺寸调整时,各风口风量、风速和鼓风动能的变化。发现增加部分风口的长度时,对应风口风量、风速、鼓风动能降低。缩小少数风口的面积,会降低对应风口的风量;只有在缩小多数风口的面积时,已调整的风口风速和鼓风动能才可能提高,而未调整的风口风量、风速和鼓风动能提高幅度更大。根据该数学模型,定量化给出该高炉调整风口的相关参数,可用于调整炉缸煤气流的均匀性,维持高炉稳定、顺行。     

Mathematical model for descending self-reducing agglomerates in lumpy zone of Tecnored furnace

Abstract

This work presents a comprehensive mathematical modelling generated by a cooperative research programme implying Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUC/Rio and Tecnored, Tecnologia de Auto-Redução Ltda, designed and utilised in the early pilot plant development of the Tecnored process. It aimed to predict the heating and reduction behaviour of descending agglomerates in the upper zone of a packed bed type shaft furnace, e.g. the Tecnored reactor. In a very effective way, based on the results of the Tecnored pilot plant development, the mathematical modelling had been calibrated and has proved to be extremely important in the understanding of the various physical chemical phenomena occurring in this zone of the furnace, as well as a powerful tool to plan and implement new improvements into the process. Two case studies are presented in this paper, where the effects of different reactivities of the reductant and solid fuel, are simulated by the model for the upper zone of the furnace.     

氧气高炉喷吹焦炉煤气数学模型

 为降低氧气高炉炼铁流程中循环煤气脱除CO2及煤气预热成本,提出了氧气高炉喷吹焦炉煤气炼铁流程,并建立了新流程能质平衡数学模型,应用该模型分别对传统高炉、传统高炉喷吹焦炉煤气、氧气高炉（鼓风氧体积分数为30%、40%、50%、100%）喷吹焦炉煤气炼铁流程主要技术参数进行计算并对比。结果表明,传统高炉喷吹少量焦炉煤气（30 m3/t）可降低燃料比13 kg/t,焦炉煤气置换焦炭的置换比为0.433 kg/m3,但是对其他参数影响不大。氧气高炉喷吹焦炉煤气流程随着富氧率提高,炉内还原势提高,CO和氢利用率下降,炉内存在还原剂表观过剩,非全氧鼓风条件下炉内没有发生氮气富集。新流程外供煤气总热值为3 000 MJ/t左右,与传统高炉相比变化不大,对现有钢铁联合企业煤气供需平衡影响较小。全氧高炉喷吹焦炉煤气炼铁流程相较于目前的高炉炼铁流程可节焦43%,增煤33%,总燃料比降低20%。